Berlin hauptbanhof central railway

case study

1. BERLIN HAUPTBAHNHOF
ANUSHPRA SINGH A/2155/2009 | PRASHANT KUMAR A/2160/2009 SNEHALATA A/2150/2009

2. View of the station building from theSpree
OVERVIEW :
Largest crossing station in europe
CATEGORY : 1
Type : Bf
DailyENTRY/EXIT: 300,000
Station code : 1071
CONSTRUCTION AND LOCATION :
Levels : 2
Platforms:14
Shops in complex:: 80
No of trains : 1,500 domestic
and international trains.
Year(s) of design: 1993
Opened : 26 May 2006
Architect: Meinhard von Gerkan
Location: Berlin
State : Berlin
Country : Germany
Germany : MITTE
INTRODUCTION:
The mega Berlin Train Station, Berlin Hauptbahnhof, architect
Meinhard von Gerkanand JürgenHillmer, the STUDIO HAMBURG
Gerkan, Marg& Partners, is capable of receiving more than
1,500daily trains and 25,000passengers. Its construction
lasted ten years have meant that some conflicts between the
German rail company Deutsche Bahnand the architect, in
deciding to first shorten the time of execution of the work by
modifying the project. It shortened the cover of the station at
100 meters and the lower floors that serve as the underground
heat exchanger to be covered, causing no daylight arrived as
planned in the initial project.
overview

3. Construction
The construction of the new Berlin Hauptbahnhofis a masterpiece of logistics.
While conducting the excavations, groundwater levels were constantly monitored by monitors at once that they were going up the bridges and 1.5
million cubic meters of earth were removed in barges, which otherwise would have required a convoy 1300 trucks miles long.
A complex part of the construction was related to the foundation, as the building rests on a sandy soil on the banks of the river Spree. To overcome this
difficulty concrete ponds were constructed at a depth of 25 meters that were filled with groundwater.
Another of the engineering feats that took place in this construction was the laying of a metal bridge that crosses the station across. Because of the risk
posed by building it as the station was crowded with people, it was decided to run for a weekend in which the station was closedto the public for 54
hours. Then the structure was built in two parts vertically and 1,200 tons each, and then joined as a drawbridge.
Image showing construction of structure in two parts and the joined as a
drawbridge
Image showing foundation concrete pond upper structure
Image taken during construction phase ,from spreeShowing construction of main pathway
construction

4. CONCEPT :
For architects of Hamburg Gerkan, Marg& Partners, the determinant of the architecture was
developed to emphasize the importance of the new Berlin Hauptbahnhof"-LehrterBahnhof
crossing point in an increasingly integrated Europe.
The lobby of the station is framed by two curved structures 46 feet high trying to highlight the
scale of the place, the importance of the station as a crossing point between Europe and link the
east and west.
SPACES :
Of its 175,000meters square 21,000are intended for rail transport, occupying two levels and
has 14platforms, 15,000square meters are intended for shops and restaurants, office space
50,000buildings and 5,500bridge functional purposes of the railway. The platforms are spread
over an area of 32,000square meters and the garage area occupies about 25,000square
meters.
CENTRAL NAVE
Between two frames is the central nave that
houses the station platforms, 430 meters long,
oriented in the direction east -west, covered
by a huge glass dome and light that extends
over 321 meters
The building with north-south orientation
of 45 meters wide and 159 long, are
situated between the two blocks of
buildings and covered by a barrel vault,
filigree and glass.
From the standpoint of architecture and
urban planning, these structures, called
building bridges form a unit with the glass
vessels of the train station.
The point of intersection of the two railway
lines long distance is enhanced by the
cruise ships of the two windows.
Bridge Building
Central nave
BUILDING BRIDGE
The two buildings of the station bridge
are divided into two distinct functional
areas. The areas for commercial uses,
restaurants and service for rail users who
occupy the lower levels and areas of 50
000 m² offices occupy nine of the ten
floors of these buildings. They are
functional and adaptable offices as
required, by contacting the different
spaces by stairs
SHOPPING CENTER
With its generous empty three
floors of shops and restaurants
between the two levels of terraces,
the station also became the
commercial and business centerof
the future neighborhoodaround
the station
Total area: 175,000 m²
Total retail area: 15,000 m²
Parking spaces: 900
Length hall station, north-south: 160 meters
Longitude * hall station, east-west: 321 meters
concept

5. FAÇADE PORTIONS :
The large and bright area, was designed using a structure that uses space grids
braced by cable networks. These grids allow free surfaces and extraordinarily
transparent as glass directly, or whether the supporting structure and the
glazing support are the same.
ZOCALO:
The station relies on a cruciform base, which simultaneously integrates the
dominant diagonal blocks of buildings. The rectangular socket is accessible from
all four sides by stairways and offers great public spaces to a height of 4.43 m
above street level, clearly separate from the areas of circulation.
LOBBY:
The entrance hall has a glass roof that connects to the bridge that has buildings
on the sides, serving outside the supporting structure the same as support
beams in the shape of a fish's belly, with 4, 70 meters high on which rests the
glass dome of the roof.
THE GLASS roof
Roof OF the new station in Berlin is a high-tech construction of the modern era.
The roof running east to west from the station and covering the new commuter
rail bridges was designed with CAD and advanced processing techniques
The undersides of the last two floors are designed as cross vaults in order
to create high quality spaces.
VENTILATION TOWER
Visible for miles, the four exhaust pipes rise well above the roof of the
Hauptbahnhof, New Berlin, as are its tallest structure.
Its underground part sinks about 20 meters below ground level, with a
reinforced concrete structure from which emerges another steel with 60
meters high, which have been invested 250 tonnes of gold. Deutsche
Bahn'slogo on each side of the vent pipe can be clearly seen through a
wide area of central Berlin.
View of an enrancelobby
CRUCIFORM BASE
elements

6. STANDS OUT
FROM THE WHOLE
CONTEXT,
THE AREA IS A
CLEAR GATEWAY,
THUS REGARDING
THE WHOLE AREA
AS A HUB FOR
BERLIN CITY
THE AREA IS
SURROUNDED BY
ROADS THAT LEAD
TO MOTORWAYS,
AND WITH NO
EVIDENCE OF LOCAL
BUSINESSES OR IT
BEING A
RESIDENTIAL AREA,
IT CAN BE SAID
THAT THE AREA
PURELY SERVES THE
PURPOSE OF
ACTING AS A
GATEWAY AND A
TRANSPORT
NETWORK.
THE STATION ALLOWS THE TRAVELLER TO VIEW FROM THE PLATFORM A GENERAL VIEW OF THE CITY CENTRE AS
FROM THE EDGE OF THE PLATFORM A VIEW OF THE NEEDLE TOWER, AS WELL AS THE REICHSTAG AND RIVER
CAN BE SEEN WHICH ARE FEATURES THAT ARE A FOCAL POINT FOR THE CITY
NO SHOPS, RESTAURANTS OF TOURIST ATTRACTIONS IN THE IMMEDIATE AREA OUTSIDE
HAUPTBAHNHOF STATION ,ALL THE SHOPS AND RESTAURANTS ARE INSIDE THE STATION
THIS STATION IS
GEOGRAPHICALLY
VERY CENTRAL TO
BERLIN AND HAS
BEEN DESIGNED TO
SERVE ALL
BERLINERS AND
TOURISTS.
analysis

7. 3D SECTION
Plan and section

8. ELEVATION 1
ELEVATION 2
SERIES OF IMAGES
SHOWING HOW
BUILDING BEIDGE
WAS MADE
sections