Bhel

SUMMER TRAINING PPT
BHEL CENTRAL FOUNDARY FORGE PLANT
HARIDWAR

1. BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICAL LIMITED central foundry forge plant Summer training Presented by :- sonam Priyadarshi CSJMA15001390327

2. content Introduction to BHEL CFFP (central foundry forge plant) SMS (steel melting shop) EAF (electric arc furnace) Furnace operation Spectroscopy lab Secondary steel making

3. BHEL BHEL is stand for bharat heavy electrical limited. BHEL is engaged in the design , engineering, manufacturing, construction , testing commissioning and servicing of a wide range of products and servicing for the core sectors of the economy. BHEL is one the navratnas which is supported by government . It is divided into two units 1. HEEP (Heavy Electricals Equipment Plant) 2. CFFP (Central Foundry Forge Plant )

4. CFFP CFFP stand for central foundry forge plant. The Central Foundry Forge Plant (CFFP) is engaged in manufacture of large size Castings and Forgings of various types of steels like alloy steels, creep resistant steel and supercritical grade steel . There are following shops :- 1. Steel melting shop 2. Steel foundry 3. Forge shop 4. Machine shop

5. SMS Steel melting shop is the shop where the steel is produced from the iron ore and the scrap. In BHEL scrap of different grade is used. In steel making impurities are removed such as nitrogen, silicon, phosphorus and Sulphur and excess amount of carbon. To form the molten metal an alloying element is added to enhance the properties such as chromium, nickel, vanadium and manganese.

6. Steel meting shop consist :- 1. Electric arc furnace (10 tonn, 30 tonn, 70 tonn) 2.Ladle 3.Scrap 4.Spectroscopic lab 5.VOD (vacuum oxygen decarburizing) 6.VAD (vacuum arc degassing) 7.LRF (ladle refining furnace) 8.Mould for casting

7. EAF Electric arc furnace is use to produce molten steel with the help of arc. The main importance part of electric arc furnace are side wall , electrode which are of graphite, roof which is top of the furnace from where the electrode is inserted and hearth which is the bottom of the furnace .

8. FURNACE OPERATION Charging:- this is the first step in steel producing operation in which preparation of furnace bucket is important. Scrap, flux (lime and fluorspar) is added . Melting :- after adding all this, energy is supply to the electrode and arc is generated . Refining:- oxygen is provided to form oxide Phosphorus, Sulphur, aluminium , Silicon, Manganese and Carbon from the steel. These oxide collected in slag.

9. De- slaging :- once the slage is generated this slage is remove by tilting the electric arc furnace . Tapping :- before tapping composition of molten metal was check in spectrospopy lab. then the molten metal is remove from the electric arc furnace into the preheated ladle for other operation . Before secondary operation, and after transferring the motel metal into the preheated ladle De-oxidizers may be added to the steel to lower the oxygen content for further processing. Common de-oxidizers are aluminium or silicon Slag forming compounds are added in the ladle at tap so that a slag cover is formed prior to transfer to the ladle furnace.

10. Spectroscopic lab Optical emission spectrometer :- Optical emission spectroscopy using arc and spark excitation is the preferred method for trace metal analysis to determine the chemical compositions of metallic samples. In this we use two Argon cylinder. One cylinder is use for generating spark and second is use for creating vacuum. Vacuum emission spectrometer :- same as optical emission spectrometer. It also determine chemical composition of metallic sample . Here the difference is that it use only one cylinder of argon. Gas Analyzer:- It measure the gases present in material like hydrogen (H 2 ), nitrogen (N 2 ), oxygen (O 2 ). In this we use two cylinders of Helium and Argon. Helium cylinder is use for melting.  

11. secondary operation Secondary steel melting operation comes between the primary and casting operation. This technique is use to produce high quality of steel. This process involves refining of steel such as deoxidation , low level of hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen and impurities and also provide accurate temperature for casting and etc [4]. For secondary operation there are 2 VAD and 1VOD and 1LRF of 70 tonn . VOD VAD LRF

12. Vacuum arc degassing (VAD):- Used to remove oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen gases under vacuum and also removal for sulfur. Vacuum Oxygen Decarburizing (VOD ):- Used to reduce carbon content of steel. Ladle refining furnace :- In this oxygen , nitrogen and hydrogen is also remove and excess amount of carbon is reduce .

13. casting Casting is a  manufacturing process in which a liquid material is usually poured into a  mold , which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowed to solidify. The solidified part is also known as a  casting , which is ejected or broken out of the mold to complete the process

14. conclusion In the Summer Training duration I observed and understood different processes taking place in manufacturing of materials. It showed the scope of Material Science and Metallurgy Engineering and how the knowledge can be used in future for working in industries.  

15. REFERENCES www.bhelhwr.co.in www.electrical4u.com www.wikipedia.com Iron and steel making by Ahindra Ghosh and Amit Chatterjee Steel making by tupkary

16. THANK U!!! :-D