BIOCOMPATIBILITY & ADA specification of dental materials.pptx

short and crisp ppt

1. 30-Aug-24 1 Biocompatibility and ADA Specification of Dental Materials Dr Viswalekshmi R M 1st year PG Student Dept of Prosthodontics

2. 30-Aug-24 John C. Wataha . Principles of biocompatibility for dental practitioners. J Prosthet Dent 2001,86: 203-9 2 Biocompatibility is “the ability of a material to elicit an appropriate biological response in a given application”. INTRODUCTION Biocompatibility

3. 30-Aug-24 John C. Wataha . Principles of biocompatibility for dental practitioners. J Prosthet Dent 2001,86: 203-9 3 EVOLUTION Before 400BC, the Etruscans fabricated bridges and partial dentures using gold combined with animal or extracted human teeth . Autian - proposed a structured approach - for evaluating tissue response to dental materials -nonspecific toxicity -specific toxicity -clinical testing in humans Biocompatibility

4. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 4 Dental materials may result in damage to various tissues. Therefore , a great variety of different test methods are applied to evaluate the risk. -In vitro tests -Animal tests -Usage tests MEASURING BIOCOMPATIBILITY Biocompatibility

5. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 5 Different test methods Biocompatibility Measuring biocompatibility

6. 30-Aug-24 Craig’s RESTORATIVE DENTAL MATERIALS THIRTEENTH EDITION, John M. Powers, Ronald L. Sakaguchi , 6 Cytotoxicity Test Tests for Cell Metabolism or Cell Function Tests That Use Barriers (Indirect Tests ) Other Assays for Cell Function Mutagenesis Assays Animal Tests Usage Tests In Vitro Tests Different test methods Biocompatibility

7. 30-Aug-24 Craig’s RESTORATIVE DENTAL MATERIALS THIRTEENTH EDITION, John M. Powers, Ronald L. Sakaguchi 7 C ytotoxicity Tests A ssess cell death caused by a material by measuring cell number or growth before and after exposure to that material. Tests for Cell Metabolism or Cell Function Use the biosynthetic or enzymatic activity of cells to assess cytotoxic response. Alamar Blue tests quantitatively measure cell proliferation using a fluorescent indicator that allows continuous monitoring of cells over time . Biocompatibility Different test methods

8. 30-Aug-24 Craig’s RESTORATIVE DENTAL MATERIALS THIRTEENTH EDITION, John M. Powers, Ronald L. Sakaguchi 8 Tests That Use Barriers (Indirect Tests ) The agar diffusion and Millipore filter tests can provide, at best, a qualitative cytotoxic ranking among materials Other Assays for Cell Function Other tests measure the ability of a material to alter the cell cycle or activate complement. Mutagenesis Assays Mutagenesis assays assess the effect of a biomaterial on a cell’s genetic material Biocompatibility Different test methods

9. 30-Aug-24 Craig’s RESTORATIVE DENTAL MATERIALS THIRTEENTH EDITION, John M. Powers, Ronald L. Sakaguchi 9 Animal Tests Animal tests for biocompatibility, usually involving mammals such as mice, rats, hamsters, or guinea Pigs -Mucous membrane irritation test -Implantation tests Usage Tests Usage tests may be done in animals or in human study participants . When humans are used, the usage test is termed a clinical trial Dental Pulp Irritation Tests Biocompatibility Different test methods

10. 30-Aug-24 Craig’s RESTORATIVE DENTAL MATERIALS THIRTEENTH EDITION, John M. Powers, Ronald L. Sakaguchi 10 In vitro tests Quick to perform Least expensive Can be standardized Large-scale screening Good experimental control Excellence for mechanisms of interactions Relevance to in vivo is questionable Advantages Disadvantages Biocompatibility Different test methods

11. 30-Aug-24 Craig’s RESTORATIVE DENTAL MATERIALS THIRTEENTH EDITION, John M. Powers, Ronald L. Sakaguchi 11 In vivo tests Allows complex systemic interactions Response more comprehensive than in vitro tests More relevant than in vitro tests Relevance to use of material is questionable Expensive Time consuming Legal/ethical concerns Difficult to control Difficult to interpret and quantify Advantages Disadvantages Different test methods Biocompatibility

12. 30-Aug-24 Craig’s RESTORATIVE DENTAL MATERIALS THIRTEENTH EDITION, John M. Powers, Ronald L. Sakaguchi , 12 Relevance to use of material is assured Usage tests Very expensive Very time consuming Major legal/ethical issues Can be difficult to control Difficult to interpret and quantify Advantages Disadvantages Different test methods Biocompatibility

13. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 13 Strategies for Evaluating Biocompatibility Biocompatibility

14. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 14 The biocompatibility of a material can be determined Directly or by using an “extract.” Test materials I n the first case, tissue will be directly exposed to the material, I n the second case, the material will be stored under specific conditions “Loaded ” liquid-extract or eluate , will be used for further tests. Biocompatibility

15. 30-Aug-24 Philip’s science of dental materials ; eleventh edition 15 Adverse effects from dental materials Inflammation Allergy Mutagenicity Biocompatibility

16. 30-Aug-24 Phillips science of dental materials by Anusavice , Kenneth J.Rawls , H. RalphShen , Chiayi 12 th edition ( z-lib.org) 16 Local and systemic effects of materials Adverse effects Biocompatibility

17. 30-Aug-24 Philip’s science of dental materials ; eleventh edition 17 Immunotoxicity The boundaries between toxic, inflammatory, allergic, and mutagenic reations are disappearing as more are known about how materials and cells interact. Biocompatibility

18. 30-Aug-24 Michael et al ; Immunological effects of mercury (IUPAC Technical Report) January 2009Pure and Applied Chemistry 81(1):153-167 18 Biocompatibility Immunotoxicity

19. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 19 Inflammation of the palatal mucosa . Reaction beneath a denture TISSUE REACTIONS TO VARIOUS DENTAL MATERIALS Alternate frameworks Biocompatibility

20. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 20 Contact allergy with latex gloves Allergen free gloves Biocompatibility Tissue reactions

21. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 21 Allergic contact dermatitis on the fingertip of a dentist after contact with resin-based composite Nanohybrid light cure composite Tissue reactions Biocompatibility

22. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 22 Allergic reaction (reaction on the hands, distant from the exposure site) after exposure to nickel Zirconia crowns Tissue reactions Biocompatibility

23. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 23 Local anesthesia allergy Preservative free Tissue reactions Biocompatibility

24. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 24 Inflammation of the gingiva in contact with a porcelain-fused-metal crown Allceramic crowns Tissue reactions Biocompatibility

25. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 25 Allergic reaction to metal Porcelain crown Tissue reactions Biocompatibility

26. 30-Aug-24 Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) (z-lib.org 26 Allergic reaction to dental implants Ceramic implants Tissue reactions Biocompatibility

27. 30-Aug-24 27 Fatal Anaphylactic Shock Due to a Dental Impression Material Case report 1 Sebastiano Gangemi, PhDa /Elvira Ventura Spagnolo, PhDb /Giulio Cardia, PhDc /Paola L. Minciullo, PhDad This study describes a case of fatal anaphylaxis that appeared immediately after the oral mucosa came into contact with an alginate paste used for dental impressions. Biocompatibility Case reports

28. 30-Aug-24 28 Case report 2 A rare case report of a patient with allergic reaction following use of a dental impression material P. S. Manoharan Department of Prosthodontics, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth , Puducherry , India Edema of the upper lip following zinc-oxide eugenol secondary impression Biocompatibility Case reports

29. 30-Aug-24 Phillips science of dental materials by Anusavice , Kenneth J.Rawls , H. RalphShen , Chiayi (z-lib.org) 29 Occupational hazards for dental personnel A n increased risk for occupational diseases during the fabrication of dental metallic restorations . E xposed to significantly more platinum , palladium, and gold . L aboratory technicians work in areas of high occupational metal exposure . Inhalation and aspiration of various dust and toxic v apors may irritate the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems of these technicians. Biocompatibility

30. 30-Aug-24 Phillips science of dental materials by Anusavice , Kenneth J.Rawls , H. RalphShen , Chiayi (z-lib.org) 30 Biocompatibility standards The first biocompatibility test standard, Document No. 41 for Recommended Standard Practices for Biological Evaluation of Dental Materials, was approved in 1972 by the ADA Update was published in 1982 to include tests for mutagenicity Biocompatibility

31. 30-Aug-24 Phillips science of dental materials by Anusavice , Kenneth J.Rawls , H. RalphShen , Chiayi (z-lib.org) 31 ISO STANDARD 10993 Unlike ADA/ANSI Document No. 41, ISO 10993 is not restricted to dental materials. In 2010, ISO Standard 10993 consisted of 20 parts, each addressing a different area of biological testing Biocompatibility Biocompatibility standards

32. 30-Aug-24 Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices - ISO 10993 - Plianced Inc 32 Biocompatibility Biocompatibility standards

33. 30-Aug-24 Phillips science of dental materials by Anusavice , Kenneth J.Rawls , H. RalphShen , Chiayi (z-lib.org) 33 Material safety data sheets Each dental product is supplied with a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), also known as a Product Safety Data Sheet(PSDS ), or a COSHH data sheet in the United Kingdom. A report on the properties of a particular substance Biocompatibility

34. 30-Aug-24 Phillips science of dental materials by Anusavice , Kenneth J.Rawls , H. RalphShen , Chiayi (z-lib.org) 34 The color coded markings fall into one of four categories: labeling on a liquid dispenser that indicates the colorcoded hazard levels in each of four categories. Biocompatibility

35. 30-Aug-24 Phillips science of dental materials by Anusavice 11 th edition 35 ADA specification of dental materials commonly used in Prosthodontics No 3 impression compound No14 denture base metal casting alloys No 4 dental inlay casting wax No11 agar impression materials No12 denture base polymers No13 denture cold cure repair resin Biocompatibility

36. 30-Aug-24 Phillips science of dental materials by Anusavice 11 th edition 36 No16 dental impression paste ZnO eugenol No18 alginate impression material No19 dental elastomeric impression material No25 – dental gypsum products No22 – intraoral dental radiographic film Biocompatibility ADA specification of dental materials

37. 30-Aug-24 Phillips science of dental materials by Anusavice 11 th edition 37 No87 – dental impression trays No40 – dental implants No35 – high speed air driven hand piece No36 – diamond rotary instruments No24 – dental base plate wax Biocompatibility ADA specification of dental materials

38. 30-Aug-24 38 Review of literature Keyvan Moharamzadeh *, Ian M. Brook and Richard Van Noort Biocompatibility of Resin-based Dental Materials Materials 2009, 2, 514-548; doi:10.3390/ma202051 The biological aspects of resin-based dental materials and discusses the conventional as well as the new techniques used for biocompatibility assessment of dental materials. Biocompatibility

39. 30-Aug-24 39 Principles of biocompatibility for dental practitioners John C. Wataha , DMD, PhDa School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Ga This article is an evidence-based tutorial on the principles of biocompatibility Biocompatibility Review of literature

40. 30-Aug-24 40 Biohazards associated with materials used in prosthodontics S Padmaja Department of Prosthodontics, Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice • Apr-Jun 2013 • Vol 16 • Issue 2 Biological side effects to materials used in dentistry are rare. An overall estimate indicates the frequency of such adverse effects to occur in the 1:1000 to 1:10,000 of all dental Treatments. Biocompatibility Review of literature

41. 30-Aug-24 41 Biocompatibility Survey

42. 30-Aug-24 42 Biocompatibility Survey

43. 30-Aug-24 Khurshid A et al ; Toxicology and Biocompatibility of Dental Materials: A Review October – December 2012 RJPBCS Volume 3 Issue 4 Page No. 1091 43 Biocompatibility of a dental material depends on its composition, location, and interactions with the oral cavity . Metal , ceramic, and polymer materials elicit different biological responses because of differences in composition. Today , in development of any biomaterial one must consider not only strength, esthetics, or functional aspects of the material, but its biocompatibility as well. Conclusion Biocompatibility

44. 30-Aug-24 44 Reference John C. Wataha . Principles of biocompatibility for dental practitioners. J Prosthet Dent 2001,86: 203-9 Khurshid A et al ; Toxicology and Biocompatibility of Dental Materials: A Review October – December 2012 RJPBCS Volume 3 Issue 4 Page No. 1091 Phillips science of dental materials by Anusavice 11th edition Phillips science of dental materials by Anusavice , Kenneth J.Rawls , H. RalphShen , Chiayi ( z-lib.org)12 th edition Biocompatibility of Dental Materials by Gottfried Schmalz , Dorthe Arenholt-Bindslev (auth.) ( z-lib.org Michael et al ; Immunological effects of mercury (IUPAC Technical Report)January 2009Pure and Applied Chemistry 81(1): 153-167 Craig’s Restorative dental materials thirteenth edition, John M. Powers, Ronald L. Sakaguchi Sebastiano G et al ; Fatal Anaphylactic Shock Due to a Dental Impression Material Volume 22, Number 1, 2009 Manoharan PS. A rare case report of a patient with allergic reaction following use of a dental impression material. Int J Med Dent Case Rep 2017;2:1-3 . Biocompatibility

45. 30-Aug-24 45 Thankyou Biocompatibility