BIOEHHICS PRESENTATION UKDLDHVKAGFG.pptx

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1. BIOEHHICS PRESENTATION INDIAN RELIGION MARATHA EMPIRE HINDUISM IS ONE OF THE WORLDS OLDEST RELIGIONS AND ITS ORIGIN ARE DIFFICULT TO PINPOINT WITH SPECIFIC DATE . IT HAS EVOLVED OVER THOUSANDS OF YEARS AND ENCOMPASSES A VAST ARRAY OF BELIEFS THIS RELIGION INCORPORATES CONCEPTS AUCH AS DHARMA {moral and ethical duties} AND MOKSHA {liberation feom the cycle of reincarnation }.

2. CASTE THAT COMES UNDER HINDUISM HINDUISM TRADITIONALLY RECOGNIZES FOUR MAIN VARNAS OR SOCIAL CLASSES ;KNOWN AS THE VARNA SYSTEM .THESE ARE 1} BRAHMINS : PREISTS ;SCHOLARS AND TEACHERS 2} KSHATRIYAS: WARRIORS ;RULERS AND ADMINISTRATORS . 3} VAISHYAS : MERCHANTS ;FARMERS AND BUSINESSPEOPLE 4} SHUDRAS : LABOUS AND SERVICE PROVIDERS

3. DETAILS OF HINDUISM *2. Concepts and Beliefs:* - Hinduism is characterized by various philosophical concepts, such as: - *Brahman:* The ultimate, unchanging reality or cosmic spirit. - *Atman:* The individual soul, believed to be connected to Brahman. - *Dharma:* Moral and ethical duties that individuals must follow. - *Karma:* The law of cause and effect, where one's actions have consequences. - *Samsara:* The cycle of birth, death, and rebirth. *3. Deities:* - Hinduism is known for its diverse pantheon of deities, including Brahma (the creator), Vishnu (the preserver), Shiva (the destroyer), Lakshmi (goddess of wealth), Saraswati (goddess of knowledge), and many others. Devotees may worship specific deities based on personal preference or regional traditions. *4. Worship Practices:* - Hindu worship involves various rituals, ceremonies, and festivals. Temples play a crucial role as places of worship, and individuals also perform puja (rituals) at home. Pilgrimages to sacred sites are common. *5. Paths of Yoga:* - Hinduism recognizes different paths of yoga to attain spiritual realization. These include Jnana Yoga (path of knowledge), Bhakti Yoga (path of devotion), Karma Yoga (path of selfless action), and Raja Yoga (path of meditation).

4. OM NAMAH SHIVAY

5. LORD SHIVA Lord Shiva, a principal deity in Hinduism, is part of the Trinity, symbolizing destruction. Often depicted with a third eye, he is associated with meditation, the dance of Tandava , and cosmic cycles. Married to Parvati, Shiva has two sons, Ganesha and Kartikeya. The lingam is a sacred emblem linked to his worship. Maha Shivaratri is a major festival dedicated to him, celebrated with fasting and prayer. Shiva's philosophy embodies asceticism, meditation, and the cyclical nature of the universe.

6. NOW I WILL TALK ABOUT MY RELIGION MY RELIGION IS HINDUISM BUT IN THAT I BELONG TO MARATHA FOUNDED BY CHATRAPATI SHIVAJI MAHARAJ IN 1674;THE MARATHAS INITIALLY STARTED AS A SMALL REGIONAL POWER CHALLENGING THE RULE OF THE MUGAL EMPIRE UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF SHIVAJI MAHARAJ AND LATER HIS DESCENDANTS PARTICULARLY CHATRAPAETI SAMBHAJI MAHARAJ AND CHATRAPATI SAMBHAJI RAJARAM; THE MARATHAS EXPANDED THEIR TREATY ACROSS WESTERN AND CENTRAL INDIA THE MARATHS IMPLEMENTED AN EFFICIENT ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM KMOWN AS THE ASHTAPRADHAN {COUNCIL OF EIGHT} WHICH INCLUDED VAROUS MINISTERS RESPONSIBLE FOR DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF GOVERNANCE

7. MARATHI PEOPLE PRIMARILY FOLLOWS HINDUISM ;BUT THERE IS RELIGIOUS DIVERSITY DIVIDE BY SUB CASTE AND RITUAL

8. DETAILS OF CHATRAPATI SHIVAJI MAHARAJ Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, born in 1674, was the founder of the Maratha Empire in western India and is widely regarded as one of the greatest warriors and statesmen in Indian history. Here are key details about Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj: *1. Early Life:* - Shivaji was born in Shivneri Fort, near Pune, in 1630 to Shahaji Bhonsle and Jijabai . His upbringing was influenced by the values of his mother and the teachings of the saint Ramdas . *2. Military Leadership:* - Shivaji established a strong military force known as the Maratha navy and army. His innovative military tactics, including guerilla warfare and the use of a strong navy, contributed to his success in battles. *3. Coronation as Chhatrapati:* - In 1674, Shivaji crowned himself as Chhatrapati (emperor) in a grand coronation ceremony at Raigad Fort, solidifying his independent rule.

9. 4. Administrative Reforms:* - Shivaji implemented administrative reforms known as the " Ashta Pradhan," a council of eight ministers overseeing various aspects of governance, including finance, justice, and military .*5. Naval Power:* - Recognizing the importance of maritime strength, Shivaji built a formidable navy and constructed a strong coastal defense system. He is known for his successful campaigns against foreign powers, including the Portuguese. *6. Fortifications:* - Shivaji was a master strategist in fortifications. He captured and built numerous forts, strategically located in the Western Ghats, ensuring the security of his kingdom. *7. Religious Tolerance:* - Shivaji was known for his policy of religious tolerance. He respected all religions and treated his subjects fairly, regardless of their faith.

10. 8. Legacy:* - Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's legacy is celebrated for his vision of a strong and independent Maratha state. His administrative acumen, military prowess, and commitment to justice left a lasting impact on the history of the Indian subcontinent. *9. Death:* - Shivaji passed away in 1680. After his death, his son, Sambhaji , succeeded him as the Chhatrapati.Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's life and achievements continue to be revered, and his contributions to the Maratha Empire laid the foundation for the future expansion and influence of the Marathas in India.