bioengineering-130828025353-phpapp02.pptx

Bioengineering

1. Bioengineering????? integrated technique use engineering in conjugation with ecological principles to construct vegetative living system to prevent erosion combines principles of ecology, hydrology, geology & physics. involves use of living plant material to build structures( living fence ) that reduce erosion. more effective over conventional structures. are aesthetically pleasing , self maintaining , less expensive & streamside habitat for wildlife & fish. 7/29/2024

2. Bioengineering ??????? contd ….. Examples Practiced In Nepal : soil bioengineering @ krishnaveer Bio-terracing along all hill roadsides bioengineering measures @ Narayanghat-Mugling road. Plant used for bioengineering : Bamboo, Utis , katus , Eucalyptus, chilaune , kutmiro,kafal tree, Amriso , Napier, stylo , molasses, Babiyo , kans . 7/29/2024

3. bioengineering and civil engineering techniques soil bioengineering techniques 7/29/2024

4. Brush layering brush layer is a layer of plant material intercepted between layers of soil on cut slopes or fill slopes. made of live cuttings planted in line, on terraces across the slope, covered with soil. Re-vegetation technique, combines layers of dormant or rooted cuttings with soil. Brush layers act as live fences to capture debris moving down the slope. soil bioengineering techniques 7/29/2024

5. PLANTS AND PLANTING TECHNIQUES Shrubs or trees are planted at regular intervals on the slope. As they grow, they create a dense network of roots in the soil. The main engineering functions are to reinforce and, later, to anchor. In the long term, large trees can also be used for slope support. Planting shrubs and trees reinforces and anchors the slope by establishing a community of larger plants. Species: Shrubs: Areri , Dhanyero , Kanda phul , Keraukose , etc. Trees: Bakaino , Chilaune , Khayer , Sisau , Siris ( Rato , Kalo), Painyu , etc. soil bioengineering techniques 7/29/2024

6. Brush layering contd …. primary use- to minimize bank erosion & additional use - enhance aesthetics. works better on fill than cut slopes because of use of longer stems in fill. used to stabilize a slope against mass wasting & erosion protection. soil bioengineering techniques 7/29/2024

7. soil bioengineering techniques Brush layering contd ….. 7/29/2024 Row of brush layer being planted Brush layer established after 2 years of planting

8. Hedgerow planting Establishment of dense vegetation in a linear design for natural resource conservation using woody plants or perennial grasses. Purpose of Hedgerow Planting: Fodder , cover and corridors for terrestrial wildlife, aquatic organisms. Living fences Boundary delineation Contour guidelines Screens and barriers to noise, odours and dust. Improvement of landscape appearance. soil bioengineering techniques 7/29/2024

9. Hedgerow planting contd…… improve water quality & provide wildlife habitat. a soil conservation measure but also generate fodder & income to marginal farmers. contribute to sustainable mountain development through erosion control . soil bioengineering techniques 7/29/2024

10. 7/29/2024 soil bioengineering techniques Hedgerow planting contd …. Strengths Weakness Effective control of soil erosion on sloping land Difficult to establish in steep slopes Increase soil fertility Takes long time to establish Produce fodder & forage for livestock High initial cost Bio-terracing Difficult to establish bio-terraces Simple to implement using local resources Threatened by free grazing animals

11. Palisade Palisade is a wall consisting of living uniform stakes driven into the ground close to each other. top ends of stakes are tied to a horizontal pole at both sides of the gully. used as defensive structure. soil bioengineering techniques Palisades with double horizontal pole 7/29/2024

12. Palisade contd….. live materials sprouts & becomes major structural component; contribute to soil moisture depletion through transpiration. Trap material moving down the slope, form a strong barrier and reinforce slope. Quick & easily to built, immediately effective, usually grows well, cheap if material at site is available & Filter effect. limitation :- availability of material restricted(long, straight poles) . soil bioengineering techniques 7/29/2024

13. Grass planting Establishment of perennial conservation cover using seed, clump, rhizome, cuttings. common practice on marginal cropland to prevent wind, water erosion. quickest and easiest ways to add vegetation to a large area. Why permanent grass cover????? Enhances soil quality by reducing compaction & restoring depleted organic matter. Reduces soil erosion- dense root systems, form a structural web within the soil; the particles are trapped between roots. soil bioengineering techniques 7/29/2024

14. Grass planting contd.. Improves the water infiltration capacity & improves water quality. Direct sowing of grass seeds ( Lasinus sindicus ) creates barrier for sand movement. Sequesters carbon. Creates wildlife habitat, especially for grassland birds soil bioengineering techniques 7/29/2024