biological hazards in medical area .pptx

This PPT talk about biologicals

1. Biological waste management Presenters : 1-Ibrahim Alsabqi 2-Ahmed Almuqbali 2-Elyas Alsubhi

2. Contents Categories and Regulation Treatment methods Case scenario Recommendation Presentation Title Introduction

3. B . How does it influence your performance of perioperative nursing if the others in the OR team are good or not so good at leading you and the rest of the OR team? What is Biomedical Waste? Biological waste is any material that contains or has been contaminated by a biohazardous agent. Biological waste includes, Petri dishes, surgical wraps, culture tubes, syringes, needles, blood vials, absorbent material and , personal protective equipment … elts .

4. The three main categories are: Sharps This includes items like needles, syringes, scalpels, and broken glassware . Pathological Waste This category comprises tissues, organs, body parts, and anatomical waste from surgeries, autopsies, or medical procedures. Microbiological Waste This includes cultures, specimens, and other laboratory materials that may contain infectious agents.

5. containers are designed to be leak-proof and resistant to punctures. The waste is securely sealed in these specialized containers to further minimize the risk of leakage or contamination These vehicles are equipped with features such as sealed compartments, proper ventilation, and spill containment systems. Transporting Biological waste : Specialized Containers Secure Packaging Dedicated Vehicles :

6.   Treatment Methods: Incineration is a process of burning the waste at high temperatures. This not only reduces the volume of waste but also kills any pathogens or microorganisms present(Solid and Liquid) Biological treatment methods utilize microorganisms to break down the waste and eliminate pathogens(Organic waste) Autoclaving involves subjecting the waste to high-pressure steam, which effectively sterilizes it by killing any microorganisms present.(Solid) Chemical disinfection involves using disinfectants or chemicals to kill or deactivate microorganisms in the waste.(liquid) Autoclaving Incineration Chemical Disinfection Biological Treatment

7. Disposal Options: Landfilling: Common method of disposing of certain types of biological waste. It involves burying the waste in designated landfill sites . Deep Burial This method involves burying the waste at a significant depth, typically in specialized facilities or designated areas. Dedicated Sanitary Landfills Specifically designed and regulated for the disposal of biological waste. These facilities have strict protocols in place to ensure proper containment and prevent environmental contamination.

8. Case scenario

9. One day in the Accident and Emergency (A/E) department in busy night duty, after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), because of stress and trying to save the patient , the medical staff did not focus in used objects or throwing waste while trying to revive the patient. By mistake, one stuff nurse threw a needle in general garbage. While the cleaner collect garbage bags he felt something prick him. After searching and inspecting the bag, they found a needle had been used and thrown into the garbage bag by mistake. He informed one (A/E) staff about what happened. A/E Staff wrote an incident report and he contact infection control unit about the incident. He asked the cleaner to go to the infection control unit in order to conduct some necessary tests. The Infection Control Unit conducted tests for blood-borne diseases like HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C. after blood tests, result shown that cleaner immunity not need for Hepatitis B vaccine. According to the established protocol, blood tests were taken for Hepatitis C and HIV every three months over a period of one year. After follow-up examinations for a year, there were no infections or blood-transmitted diseases .

10. What are the reasons for failure of waste management? Stress and confuse Improper sharps disposal Poor training standards Lack of Awareness and Education

11. What are the reasons for failure of waste management? Safety issues with pharmaceuticals disposal Mixing medical waste streams Poor Planning and Policy Implementation Lack of Infrastructure

12. Recommendations Goals: To protect health care providers & patients To minimize environmental impact Handling Collection Transport

13. Segregation: Separating general waste, sharps infectious waste, and pharmaceutical waste. Safe Handling of Sharps: Must be disposed of in puncture-resistant containers immediately after use. Proper Disposal of Infectious Waste: Should be placed in designated biohazard bags or containers. Sterilization and Disinfection: Before reuse. Healthcare waste management Recommendations:

14. Minimizing Waste Generation: Implement strategies to reduce waste generation. Staff Training and Awareness: Educating them on the correct segregation, handling, and disposal of different types of waste. Proper Disposal of Pharmaceutical Waste: Expired medications or unused drugs. Efficient Use of Resources: Avoiding overstocking, and implementing inventory management systems. Healthcare waste management Recommendations :

15. Regular Cleaning and Maintenance: Proper disinfection of surfaces, equipment, and storage areas. Compliance with Regulations Ensure compliance,,, includes ( proper documentation, record-keeping, and adherence to waste disposal protocols) Continuous Improvement: Regularly review and evaluate waste management practices. Healthcare waste management Recommendations:

16. Thank you “ Nothing you wear is more important that your smile ”