Bird Diversity

Avifaunal study in jiwaji university campus gwalior

1. Dr. RamkumarLodhi& Dr. Rajesh Gurjwar

2. Synopsis
Introduction
Objectives
Study area
Material and Methods
Results
Conclusion
References
Acknowledgment

3. Determination of avian diversity “Orderwiseand familywise” in
JiwajiUniversity, Campus
To assort the avian fauna in terms of Residential status and
Abundance status.
Birdsarefoundthroughouttheworld,atapproximatelyallaltitudes
andinnearlyeveryclimate.Birdsareoftencommondenizensofthe
ecosystems.
Besidesthis,birdsarevaluableformanyaspects;thatis,theyarea
sensitiveindicatorofpollutionandalsoplaygreatroleinpestcontrol.
Populationofbirdsisasensitiveindicatorofpollutioninboth
terrestrialandaquaticecosystem.
Thepresentstudyhasbeencarriedouttofindouttheimportanceof
theJiwajiUniversityCampusasagroundforresidential,migratory
andresidentialmigratorybirds;threatsduetopollutionandsuggesting
probableconservationmeasurestorestoretheUniversitycampus
ecosystem
OBJECTIVES
INTRODUCTION

4. STUDY AREA
Thebirdswereobservedwiththe
helpofBinoculars(NikonAction
8X40)atdifferentspotsatevery
locationwhilewalkingalongthe
boundaryoftheselectedstudysites.
Photographs were taken where ever
necessary by using Nikon D-60
Camra
Birdswereidentifiedandclassified
onthebasisofstandardfieldguides
byAli(2006)andGrimmettetal.,
(2001).
Point count method (Verner,1985).
Shanno-Wiener Diversity Index
methods
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Location Map of Jiwaji University, Campus Gwalior

5. Total52speciesofbirdsbelongingto32family13orderwererecorded.
Sitewisevariationofoccurrenceofbirdswasobserved.
Thespeciesdiversityindexrangesfrom0.068(Site–Iinwinter)to0.122(SiteIIinsummer).
Thehighestpressureonbirdswasduetohumansettlement.
RESULTS
S. No Name of place Site Location
1 BotanicalGarden Site-1 (S-1)
N26°12’0.9”
E078°11’47.9”
2 LilyPool Site-2 (S-2)
N26°12’12.6”
E078°11’48.8”
3 SarswatiGarden Site-3 (S-3)
N26°12’11.5”
E078°11’50.3”
4 SportDepartment Site-4 (S-4)
N26°12’06.9”
E078°11’45.2”
5 ManagementDepartment Site-5 (S-5)
N26°12’16.4”
E078°11’45.5”
6 AzadPark Site-6 (S-6)
N26°12’18.”
E078°11’51.2”
7 CharkUdhyan Site-7 (S-7)
N26°12’0.9.2”
E078°11’25.3”
8 MrignayniHostel Site-8 (S-8)
N26°12’16.3”
E078°11’37.0”
List of selected sites in Jiwaji University Campus with GPS Location

6. S. No Order Family Scientific name Species name IUCN
STATUS
1PasseriformesSturnidae Sturnia pagodarumBrahminy Starling LC
2 Acridotheres
ginginanus
Bank Myna LC
3 Acridotheres tristisCommon Myna LC
4 Gracupica contraAsian Pied Starling LC
5 HirudinidaeHirundo rustica Barn Swallow LC
6 Cecropis dauricaRed-rumped Swallow LC
7 MuscicapidaeSaxicoloides fulicatusIndian Robin LC
8 Phoenicurs
erythronotus
Rufous Backed RedstartLC
9 Copsychus saularisOriental Magpie RobinLC
10 LeiothrichidaeTurdoides striataJungle Babbler LC
11 Turdoides caudataCommon Babbler LC
12 MotacillidaeMotacilla cinereaGrey Wagtail LC
13 Anthustrivialis Tree Pipit LC
14 Corvidae Dendrocitta
vagabunda
Rufous Treepie LC
15 CorvusmacrorhyncusLarge-billed Crow LC
16 Oriolidae Oriolus oriolus Eurasian Golden OrioleLC
17 Estrilidae LonchurapunctulataScaly Breasted MuniaLC
18 Passeridae Passer domesticusHouse Sparrow LC
19 CisticolidaeOrthotomus sutoriusCommon Tailorbird LC
20 CompephagidaeCoracina macei Indian Cuckoo-shrike LC
21 NectariniidaeCinnyris asiaticusPurple Sunbird LC
22 Dicruridae Dicrurus macrocercusBlack Drongo LC
23 PycnonotidaePycnonotus caferRed –Vented Bulbul LC
24 Laniidae Lanius vittatus Bay –Backed Shrike LC
25 MonarchidaeTerpsiphone
paradisi
Indian Paradise-
flycatcher
LC
Systematic list and status of Birds in JiwajiUniversity campus
26ColumbiformesColumbidaeTreron
phoenicoptera
Yellow-footed Green-
pigeon
LC
27 Columba livia Common Pigeon LC
28 Spilopelia
senegalensis
Laughing Dove LC
29 Streptopelia
tranquebarica
Red Turtle Dove LC
30 Spilopelia chinensisSpotted Dove LC
31 Cuculidae Centropus sinensisGreater Coucal LC
32 Cuculus micropterusIndian Cuckoo LC
33 Hierococcyx variusCommon Hawk
Cuckoo
LC
34 Eudynamys
scolopaceus
Western Koel LC
35 Alcedinidae Halcyon smyrnensisWhite Breasted
Kingfisher
LC
36 Coraciidae Coracias
benghalensis
Indian Roller LC
37 Meropidae Meropus orientalis Little Green Bee EaterLC
38GalliformesPhasianidaePavo cristatusIndian Peafowl LC
39 Francolinus
pondicerianus
Grey Francolin LC
40Bucerotiformes BucerotidaeOcyceros
gingalensis
Indian Grey HornbillLC
41 Upupidae Upupa epops Common Hoopoe LC
42Piciformes Megalaimidae Psilopogon
zeylanicus
Brown-headed
Barbet
LC
43 Psilopogon
haemacephalus
Coppersmith Barbet LC
44Gruiformes Rallidae Amaurornis
phoenicurus
White-breasted
Waterhen
LC
45 Rallidae Gallinula
chloropus
Common Moorhen LC
46Strigiformes Strigidae Athene brama Spotted Owlet LC
47Psittaciformes Psittaculidae Psittacula krameri Rose Ringed ParakeetLC
48Charadriiformes charadriidaeVanellus indicusRed Wattled LapwingLC
49Accipitriformes Accipitridae Accipiter badius Shikra LC
50PalecaniformesArdeidae Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret LC
51Caprimulgiform
es
Apodidae Apus affinis Little Swift LC
52Charadriiforme
s
CharadriidaeVanellus
malabaricus
Yellow Wettled
lapwing
LC

7. S. No.
Species
(S-1)(S-2)(S-3)(S-4)(S-5)(S-6)(S-7)(S-8)
1
Barn Swallow
2 1 1 2 1
2
Red –rumped
Swallow
0 1 1 2 0
3
Indian Peafowl
5 2 4 812
4
Yellow footed
Green Pigeon
11 2 1 3
5
Indian Robin
2 5 2 1 2 6 2 1
6
Grey Wagtail
1 2 1 4 2 1 3 1
7
Rufous-backed
Redstart
1 2 1 1 2 1 3 1
8
Greater Coucal
1 1 1 1
9
Jungle Babbler
23 14 7 8 18 10199
10
Oriental
Magpie Robin
2 1 1 2 3 1 2 1
11
Grey hornbill
0 2
12
Rock Pigeon
6 5 14 29 2 11715
13
Eurasian
Hoopoe
1 0 1
14
White-breasted
Kingfisher
0 1 1
15
Rufous Tree pie
1 1 1 1 1
16
Spotted Owlet
2 0 1
17
Indian Roller
1 1
18
Black rumped
Flame back
1 0 0
19
Collared Dove
3 4 2 7 2 1 4 0
20
Rose-ringed
Parakeet
2 4 2 2 4 2 8 5
21Laughing Dove 6 4 2 8 3 4 2 2
22Golden Oriole 1 0 0 1
Number of bird species in JiwajiUniversity campus at different study sites
23Scaly breasted Munia 1 0 1
24Common Hawk
Cuckoo
1 0
25BrahminyStarling 2 4 1 2 3 1
26Bank Myna 2 6 2 1 2 1 4 3
27House sparrow 1 5 2 6 5 6
28Red-wattledLapwing 2 4 2
29Red Turtle Dove 1 1 2
30Large green Barbet 1
31Shikra 1 1
32Grey Francolin 5 2 8 8 5 9
33Spotted Dove 1 2 1 1
34Little Green Bee-eater 1 1 0
35Common Myna 3 1 4 2
36Jungle Crow 1 0 2 2 2
37Common Tailor bird 0 1
38Large Cuckoo Shrike 0
39Asian Koel 1 1
40
Indian Cuckoo 0 1
41Purple sunbird 2 1 2 1 1 2
42Coppersmith Barbet 1
43Black Drongo 1 4 3 3 2 2
44Cattle Egreat 0 2 1 1 3
45Comman Babbler 8 11 4 3
46Red-vented Bulbul 2 4 2 2 4 1
47Tree Pipit 0 1 0
48Asian Pied Starling 3
49Bay-backed Shrike 1 2
50Indian paradise
flycatcher
2
51Common moorhen 1
52Yellow wettled
lapwing
5
Total no of bird 106 88 50 96 75 75 92 71

8. S. No.
Species
(S-1)(S-2)(S-3)(S-4)(S-5)(S-6)(S-7)(S-8)
1
Barn Swallow
+ - + - + - + +
2
Red –rumped
Swallow
- + - - + - + +
3
Indian Peafowl
+ - - + + - + +
4
Yellow footed Green
Pigeon
+ - + - + - + -
5
Indian Robin
+ + + + + + + +
6
Grey Wagtail
+ + + + + + + +
7
Rufous-backed
Redstart
+ + + + + + + +
8
Greater Coucal
+ -
+ - + + + +
9
Jungle Babbler
+ + + + + + + +
10
Oriental Magpie
Robin
+ + + + + + + -
11
Grey hornbill
- - - - + - - -
12
Rock Pigeon
+ + + + + + + +
13
Eurasian Hoopoe
+ - - + - - - -
14
White-breasted
Kingfisher
- - - + - + - -
15
Rufous Tree pie
+ + + - + - - +
16
Spotted Owlet
+ - - - - - - +
17
Indian Roller
- - + - - + - -
18
Black rumpedFlame
back
+ - - - - - - -
19
Collared Dove
+ + + + + + + -
20
Rose-ringed
Parakeet
+ + + + + + + +
21
Laughing Dove
+ + + + + + + +
22
Golden Oriole
+ + - - - - - -
23
Scaly breasted
Munia
+ - - + - - - -
24
Common Hawk
Cuckoo
+ - - - - - - -
Number of bird species in JiwajiUniversity campus at different sites
25
Brahminy Starling
+ + + - + + + -
26
Bank Myna
+ + + + + + + +
27
House sparrow
+ + + - + + - +
28
Red-wattled
Lapwing
- + - + + - - -
29
Red Turtle Dove
+ _ _ + - _ _ _
30
Large green Barbet
- +
31
Shikra
+ +
32
Grey Francolin
+ + - + + + + -
33
Spotted Dove
+ + + - + - + -
34
Little Green Bee-
eater
+ + - - - - - -
35
Common Myna
- + + - - + - +
36
Jungle Crow
+ - - + - - - +
37
Common Tailor bird
- - + - - - - -
38
Large Cuckoo Shrike
- - - - + - - -
39
Western Koel
+ - - - - - - +
40Indian Cuckoo - + + - -
41
Purple sunbird
+ + + + + - + -
42
Coppersmith Barbet
+ - - - - - - -
43
Black Drongo
+ + - + + - + +
44
Cattle Egreat
- + - + - + - -
45
Comman Babbler
+ - - - - + + +
46
Red-vented Bulbul
+ + + - + + + +
47
Tree Pipit
- + - - + - - -
48
Asian Pied Starling
- + - - + - - -
49
Bay-backed Shrike
+ + - - - - - -
50
Indian paradise
flycatcher
+ - - - - - - -
51
Common moorhen
- - - + - - - -
52
Yellow wettled
lapwing
- - - + - - - -

9. 53%
18%
29%
MigrantResidentialResidentail Migrant
Family-wise distribution of aquatic birds of Jiwaji University
Residential status of Aquaticbirds
Seasonal population fluctuation of birds
Rainy
13%
Winter
68%
Summer
19%
8%
4%
6%
4%
4%
4%
2%
2%
2%
2%2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
10%
8%
2%
2%
2%
4%
2%
2% 4%
4%
2%
2%2%
2%2%2%
Sturnidae Hirudinidae MuscicapidaeLeiothrichidaeMotacillidaeCorvidae
Oriolidae Estrilidae Passeridae CisticolidaeCompephagidaeNectariniidae
Dicruridae PycnonotidaeLaniidae Monarchidae Columbidae Cuculidae
Alcedinidae Coraciidae Meropidae Phasianidae bucerotidae Upupidae
0
0.0002
0.0004
0.0006
0.0008
0.001
0.0012
0.0014
0.0016
0.0018
0.002
(S-1)(S-2)(S-3)(S-4)(S-5)(S-6)(S-7)(S-8)
Birds speciesDiversity index

10. Diversity of bird species in Jiwaji University Campus

11. Diversity of bird species in Jiwaji University Campus

12. •Theabundanceofthebirdsshowsthatthehabitatofthis
JiwajiUniversityCampusissuitableforbirds.
•ThehabitatorareaofJiwajiUniversity,campusshouldbe
fixedforbirds
•EntryofHumanbeingmustpreventedingardensandParks
inCampus
•Cuttingoftreeshouldalsobeavoided.
•Plantingoftreestoattractroostingofbirdsshouldbe
encouraged
•EntryofvehicleinJiwajiUniversity,Campusshouldbestrictly
prohibited.
•Localpopulationstobeencouragedthroughthemass
awarenessprogramsaswellascreatingownership
opportunitiesforlocalresidentthroughgovernance,
administrativesetupandNGOs
CONCLUSION

13. References
•Ali,S.2006.TheBookofIndianBirds.BombayNatural
HistorySociety,Bombay.
•
•BirdLifeInternational,2010.IUCN,RedListforbirds.
http://www.birdlife.org.
•
•Grimmett,R.,Inskipp,CandInskipp,T.2011.Birdsof
theIndianSubcontinent.OxfordUniversityPress,New
Delhi.
•Googlesearchengine

14. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
•Prof. P. K. Tiwari(Head of the Department)
•Dr. Jaya Chaturvedi
•Dr. SarikaSingh
•Dr. hemantSamadhiya
•Mrs. NehaSharma
•Mr. RamkumarLodhi
•colleagues and friends