BLLOD PRESSURE MANAGMENT BLOOD PRESSURE MANAGMENT,FICK'S PRINCIPLE REGULATION AND SHOCK

BLOOD PRESSURE MANAGMENT,FICK'S PRINCIPLE REGULATION AND SHOCK

1. NAME:- MRITTIKA DEY . STUDENT CODE:- BWU/BCT/24/027. DEPARTMENT:- ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCE. PROGRAMME:- BSC. CCT. COURSE NAME:-HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY. COURSE CODE:-BCCTC102. TOPIC:- Blood pressure, measurement (Fick's principle) regulation, shock.

2. Blood Pressure: Measurement, Regulation, and Shock Including Fick's Principle and Clinical Insights

3. Introduction to Blood Pressure - Blood pressure: Force of blood against vessel walls. - Expressed as Systolic/Diastolic (e.g., 120/80 mmHg). - Key for maintaining tissue perfusion.

4. Measurement of Blood Pressure - Non-invasive: Sphygmomanometer. - Invasive: Arterial catheterization. - Monitoring helps diagnose hypertension, shock, and other conditions.

5. Fick's Principle for Cardiac Output Cardiac Output = Oxygen Consumption / Arteriovenous Oxygen Difference - Oxygen consumption (˘VO2): Measured via expired air. - Arterial and venous oxygen content: Blood samples required. - Provides a quantitative method to assess circulation.

6. Blood Pressure Regulation - Neural mechanisms: Baroreceptors and ANS. - Hormonal mechanisms: RAAS, ADH, ANP. - Renal mechanisms: Long-term blood volume control.

7. Neural Regulation - Baroreceptors in carotid sinus and aortic arch detect changes. - Sympathetic stimulation: Increases heart rate and vasoconstriction. - Parasympathetic stimulation: Reduces heart rate and BP.

8. Hormonal Regulation - RAAS: Angiotensin II and Aldosterone increase BP. - ADH: Enhances water retention to raise blood volume. - ANP: Promotes vasodilation and sodium excretion.

9. Renal Regulation - Kidneys regulate BP by controlling blood volume. - Respond to changes in perfusion pressure (e.g., renin release). - Integral to long-term homeostasis.

10. Shock: Overview and Types - Shock: Life-threatening condition of inadequate perfusion. - Types: 1. Hypovolemic: Blood/fluid loss. 2. Cardiogenic: Heart pump failure. 3. Distributive: Vasodilation (e.g., septic, anaphylactic). 4. Obstructive: Physical blockage (e.g., embolism).

11. Summary - Blood pressure is vital for maintaining perfusion. - Measurement includes non-invasive and invasive methods. - Fick's principle aids in cardiac output assessment. - Regulation involves neural, hormonal, and renal mechanisms. - Shock requires urgent diagnosis and management.

12. THANK YOU