BLOK 10. Sep25.pptx fkg

dental

1. SISTEM STOMATOGNASI PENGANTAR BLOK 10

2. Kompetensi Utama memahami prinsip ilmu kedokteran gigi dasar yang mencakup Biologi Oral, Kedokteran Gigi Anak, Radiologi Kedokteran Gigi untuk menunjang keterampilan preklinik & klinik serta penelitian di bidang kedokteran gigi. suatu kemampuan (ability) atau kecakapan yang dimiliki oleh seseorang dalam melaksanakan suatu pekerjaan atau tugas di bidang tertentu, sesuai dengan jabatan yang disandangnya. adalah suatu keterampilan, pengetahuan, sikap dasar, dan nilai yang terdapat dalam diri seseorang yang tercermin dari kemampuan berpikir dan bertindak secara konsisten. Dengan kata lain, kompetensi tidak hanya tentang pengetahuan atau kemampuan seseorang, namun kemauan melakukan apa yang diketahui sehingga menghasilkan manfaat...Karakter Menurut Jack Gordon (1998), ada 6 aspek yang terkandung dalam konsep kompetensi, yaitu; Pengetahuan ( knowledge ) Pemahaman ( understanding ) Kemampuan ( skill ) Nilai ( value ) Sikap ( attitude ) Minat ( interest )

3. TUJUAN BLOK Setelah mengikuti blok ini, mahasiswa diharapkan mampu: 1. Menjelaskan aspek wajah, rahang dan sendi rahang. 2. Menjelaskan aspek gigi. 3. Menjelaskan aspek cairan rongga mulut dan jaringan periodontal. 4. Menjelaskan aspek mukosa mulut. 5. Menjelaskan aspek teknik radiografi intraoral dan ekstraora

4. Blok 10 terdiri atas lima modul: Modul 1 : Tumbuh kembang wajah, rahang, dan sendi rahang Modul 2 : Gigi Modul 3 : Cairan rongga mulut dan jaringan periodontal Modul 4 : Mukosa mulut dan mastikasi Modul 5 : Teknik radiografi intraoral dan ekstraoral

5. ORAL EMBRYOLOGY Menjelaskan Pengertian Embryology: Definisi Sejarah Tahapan tumbuh kembang Prenatal 2. Menjelaskan terjadinya fertilisasi sampai proses implantasi zygote pada dinding uterus

6. Tujuan Intruksional Khusus 3. Menjelaskan Perkembangan Regio Oral Facial Kepala, Rongga Mulut, Lengkung Brankial 4. Menjelaskan Perkembangan wajah dan palatum, maksila, mandibula dan TMJ. 5. Menjelaskan Perkembangan lidah.

7. EMBRYOLOGI ORIGIN HUMAN BODY development SINGLE FERTILIZED CELL COMPLEX INDEPENT LIVING BEING BEFORE BIRTH ONTOGENY the study of the growth and diffentiation of first period in a person’s life history

8. EMBRYOLOGI GERM CELLS (GAMETES) SPERMATOZOON OVUM 22 + 1 Haploid 22 +1 Haploid ZYGOTE 44 Diploid ( incl 1 pair sex chromosom ) = 46 chromosomes Meiosis:ovum+sperm’s chromosomes=shuffled chr (during fertiliztn ) Mitosis for growth and differentiation (after fertilization)

9. Aristotle (384-322 BC) Spontaneous Generation 1590 ;Hans and Zacharias Janssen Development of compound light microscope 1672; DeGraff (Female Ovarian Follicles) 1677; Hamm and van Leeuwenhoek Spermatozoon 1694 ; Hartsoeker (the animalculist ) vs Ovist oleh Bonnet 1745 1729-1799; Spallanzani ; Theory of preformation

10. 1733-1794; Kaspar Friedrich Wolf ( Epigenisis ) Chicken Eggs 1827; Karl Ernst “Von Baer” Eggs of Mammals 1824;Prevost and Dumas 1839;Schleiden and Schwann (Cell) 1875; Hertwig (Fertilization of an egg by spermatozoon) 1883; Von Beneden (Male and Female Gametes contributed the same of chromosome) 1900; Driesch ( Develop into a Complete Embryo)

11. Periods of Prenatal Development I. Preimplantation Period (Proliferative) Zygote to blastocyst Description of period: Fertilization-Implantation II. Embyonic Period To Disc to Embryo Induction, proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, and maturation to form structure

12. Periods of Prenatal Development III. Fetal Period : Embryo to Fetus maturation of existing structure During fertilization, the final stages of meiosis occur in the ovum. Reduction division of chromosom in the daughter cell pairing XY chr of germ cell.result: joining of chromosomes

13. FERTILIZATION

14. Preimplantation Period Mitosis Initial cleavage to morula (the solid ball of cell) 1-2-4-8-12-16 (4 days) Blastula (5 hari) Implantation (6 days) Implanted in the endometrium of the uterus A blastocyst consist of tropoblast layer and embryoblast layer

15. OVARIAN CYCLE, FERTILIZATION AND IMPLANTATION

16. WHEN THE ZYGOTE BEGINS DIVIDING IT IS CALLED EMBRYO

17. IMPLANTATION Implantation of fertilized zygote in wall of uterus. Outer cells of trophoblast digest uterine cell mass. As the mass expands, a surrounding cavity is formed.

18. CLEAVAGE TO MORULA TO TR0PH0BLAST Very slowly down the oviduct to the uterus A membrane about the embryo begins to produces HCG (human chorionic gonadotrophin ), prevents the breakdown of the endometrium ( mens does not occur)

19. Embryonic Period 2 nd to 8 th week. Induction: action of 1 group cells on another that leads to establishment of the developmental pathway in the responding tissue Proliferation: Controlled cellular growth and accumulation of byproducts Differentiation: Change in identical embryonic cells to become distinct structurally and fuctionally

20. CHANGES AND TISSUES DEVELOPMENT

21. Embryonic germ layers and Organ Development

22. NEURAL FOLDS AND SOMITES Rapid cranial development 3 rd week: ½ of embrio, 3mm Forebrain and Pericardial swelling, maxillary and mandibular process, somites 7 th week:human apprce 22mm

23. THE EMBRYO HEAD GROW TO FACIAL DEVELOPMENT

24. THE EMBRYO AT 3-5 WEEKS

25. THE EMBRYO AT 3,5 WEEKS

26. Human Face during 4 th -6 th week

27. 4 mg Embrio: Man vs Rat

28. FACIAL DEVELOPMENT MINGGU KE 4 Ket : Oral pit dikelilingi oleh bbrp jaringan Frontal process terlihat menonjol, mendominasi area wajah Jantung terletak dibawah wajah, dan mulai membentuk sistem sirkulasi

29. Minggu ke 5 Lateral aspek A=optic placode B=Nasal Pit C=Medial Nasal Proc D=Lateral Nasal Proc E=Maxillary Process F= Mandibular Process G=Second Pharygeal arch

30. MINGGU KE 5 Ket : Nasal pit muncul dan berkembang dibagian samping Frontal process menjadi frontonasal process

31. Human Face during 6 th -7 th week

32. Minggu ke 6: Man vs Rat A= B= C= D= E=Naso-optic furrow F= Nasal Pit

33. MINGGU KE 6 Ket : Nasal pit mulai ke tengah Bagian mata juga mulai ke arah depan Maxillary process membesar dan berkontak dengan medial nasal process

34. MINGGU KE 7 Ket : Medial nasal dan maxillary processes bergabung Hidung dan mata terletak segaris horizontal

35. PALATAL DEVELOPMENT Minggu ke 7-9 Medial and lateral palatine processes berkembang (membesar) Lateral palatine processes bergerak ke midline dan bergabung dengan medial palatine process

36. Development of the Palate

37. Palatal Shelf Fusion ??? Describe the process of palatal elevation and tissues that are believed to contribute to this event.

38. PALATE AT 8 MONTHS WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON CONGENITAL MALFORMATION? COMPARE THE RATIOS OF FACIAL AND PALATAL DEFECTS IN THE ASIA, WHITE AND AFRICAN POPULATION. NAME THE UPPER LIP’S THREE SEGMENTS. WHEN DO THEY BEGIN TO COALESCE INTO ONE UNIT? DESCRIBE THE PROCESS OF TONGUE DEVELOPMENT

39. NORMAL PALATOGENESIS

40. Proses Embrio to Man Dewasa A= proc. Maxillary B= proc.Mandibular C= proc.Medial Nasal D=proc.Lateral Nasal

41. THE PHARYNGEAL ARCHES

42. AORTIC ARCH DEVELOPMENT

43. CRANIAL NERVES AND MUSCLES DEVELOPMENT Stream of ectomesenchyme migrate into all the facial processes and the pharyngeal arches. The presence of mesenchyme is essential for fusion of embryonic processes.

44. THE FACIAL MUSCLES

45. CRANIAL NERVES AND MUSCLES DEVELOPMENT

46. CARTILAGINOUS SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT

47. THE CARTILAGES OF THE FACE 6 th week, the mesenchyme of the maxillary processes proliferates upward in the lateral walls of the combined oronasal cavity to fuse with the mesenchyme of the median primitive nasal septum. Primary palate (vertically)

48. Development of the Mandible

49. Suture of the developing skull

50. Histology of a cartilage suture

51. Tongue Development

52. Assignment Jelaskan kegunaan embriologi. Jelaskan karekteristik dari 3 periode prenatal Jelaskan asal dan pertumbuhan otot-otot mastikasi. Jelaskan pertumbuhan kartilago dan tulang pada pembentukan skleleton wajah Jelaskan terjadinya kelainan conginetal dan contohnya

53. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Marsh P.D. and Martin M.V., Oral Microbiology, 5th Edition. Toronto, Churchill Livingstone-Elsevier, 2009. 2. Samaranayake L, Essential Microbiology for Dentistry, 3rd Edition. Toronto, Churchill Livingstone-Elsevier, 2007. 3. Fachrenbach MJ. Anatomy of the Head and Neck. St. Louis Missouri, 2007 ; 182-207 4. Avery J.K. and Daniel J.C., Essentials of Oral Histology and Embriology, A Clinical Approach. Missouri, Mosby-Elsevier, 2006. 5. Lamont R.J., Burne R,A., Lantz M.S. and LeBlanc, D.L., Oral Microbiology and Immunology. Washington, ASM Press, 2006. 6. Bhatia R. and Ichhpujani R.L., Microbiology for Dental Students, 3rd Edition. New Delhi, Jaypee Brothers, 2003. 7. Palmer C.A., Diet and Nutrition. New Jersey, Prentice Hall, 2003. 8. Short M.J., Head, Neck and Dental Anatomy, 3rd Edition. Kanada, Thomson-Delmar Learning, 2002.

54. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Mc.Donald RE, Avery DR and Dean JA. Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent, 8thed, Mosby Elsevier, 2004 RADIOLOGI KEDOKTERAN GIGI 1. White SC and Pharaoh MJ., Oral Radiology Principles and Interpretation 7 thed, Canada, Mosby Elsevier, 2014. 2. Boel T, Dental Radiografi ; Prinsip dan Teknik, Medan, USU Press, 2017. 3. Okeson JP, Management of Temporomandibular Disorders and Occlusion 6 th ed, Kentucky, Mosby Elsevier, 2008. 4. Whaites E., Essential of Dental Radiography and Radiology 4 th ed, Churchhill Livingstone, 2007. 5. Frommer and Stabulas-Savage., Radiology for Dental Professional 9 th ed, New York, MosbyElsevier, 2011. 6. Coulthard P, Horner K, Sloan P and Theaker E, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Radiology, Pathology and Oral Medicine 3 th ed, volume 1, Toronto, Churchill livingstone, 2013.