Blood products

Blood products topic is very important for Medical students as they have to know which blood product will be much beneficial to patients when they go into clinical practice. This PPT provides all of them.

1. BLOOD & BLOOD PRODUCTS Dr. Murali . U. M.S; M.B.A Prof. of Surgery

2. Objectives Properties Functions Blood Products

3. Blood Blood is considered as River of life, Fluid of life, growth & health Average human has 5 litres of blood i.e , 8% of total body weight It is a transporting fluid It carries vital substances to all parts of the body

4. Properties Of Blood Colour range - Oxygen-rich blood is scarlet red bright crimson - Oxygen-poor blood is purple red . Red colour comes from the several million red cells, present in it pH must remain between 7.35–7.45 Temp 38 ˚ c or 100.4 ˚ F

5. Properties Of Blood Blood is 5 times more viscous than water . Blood is a specialized type of connective tissue in which living blood cells, (formed elements), are suspended in a non living fluid matrix called plasma . Cellular Part (Formed Elements ) Non cellular part ( Plasma)

6. 6 blood and blood transfusions

7. Functions Of Blood Blood performs a number of functions Distribution Regulation Protection

8. Distribution Functions Nutritive Respiratory Excretory Transport Regulation Functions Maintanence Buffering Protection Functions Preventing blood loss Defensive function 8

9. 9 blood and blood transfusions

10. Blood Products Components of the blood which are collected from a donor for use in blood transfusion.

11. Blood Products Red Cell Concentrates Platelet Concentrates Granulocyte Concentrate Fresh Frozen plasma Cryoprecipitate Cryo poor plasma Stored plasma Albumin Immunoglobulin Coagulation Factors Plasma Derivatives Plasma Components Cellular Components Blood Whole Blood Fresh Whole Blood

12. Whole Blood Packed Red Blood Cells Platelet Rich Plasma Slow Centrifugation High Speed Centrifugation 1 Unit of Random Donor Platelets 1 Unit of Fresh Frozen Plasma Cryoprecipitate Thawing precipitates the plasma proteins BLOOD COMPONENTS

13. Whole Blood Whole blood = Donor blood + Anticoagulant 1 Unit - 450ml Anticoagulant ( CPDS) Rich - coagulation factors Hct - 45 % Stored at 2 - 6 ˚ c Shelf life - 35 days

14. Whole Blood Acute blood loss with hypovolaemia Exchange transfusion - severe anaemia at birth - severe hyperbilirubinaemia Massive transfusion Cardiovascular bypass surgery Indications

15. Fresh Whole Blood Packed Red Cells Light spin, 22 o C(within 8 hrs) Platelet Rich Plasma Platelet Concentrate Fresh Plasma Store at 22 o C Freeze(FFP) Heavy spin,22 o C

16. Red Cell Concentrate Also called Packed Red Cells Platelets and plasma are removed I Unit - 330ml Hct – 65 - 75 % Shelf life - 35 days Stored at 2 - 4 ˚ c

17. Red Cell Concentrate Anaemia Thalassemia Sickle cell disease Indications

18. Fresh Frozen Plasma Removed – Fresh blood & Rapidly Frozen 1 Unit – 200 - 250ml Contains all coagulant factors Stored at - 40 to - 50 ˚ c Shelf life – 2 years

19. Fresh Frozen Plasma Single clotting factor deficiency Multiple clotting factors deficiencies-DIC Massive transfusions Warfarin overdose Haemorrhagic disease of neonates T TP Indications

20. Thaw at 4 o C & heavy spin Fresh Frozen Plasma Cryoprecipitate -Refrozen within 1 hr -Store at < - 18 o C Cryoremoved Plasma Freeze -80 o C immediately Stored at < -18 o C

21. Cryoprecipitate Fresh frozen plasma thawed at 4°C Rich in – F – VIII & Fibrinogen I unit = 15 - 20ml Stored at -30°C Shelf life – 2 years

22. Cryoprecipitate Hemophilia A Von Willebrand’s disease FXIII or fibrinogen deficiency Indications

23. Platelets Concentrate Platelet rich plasma – Cent. Stored at – 20 to 24 ˚ c Shelf life – 5 days I unit = 15 - 20ml Uses = Thrombocytopenia Drug induced Hge

24. Prothrombin Complex Concentrate (PCC) Derived from pooled plasma Contains – F – II / IX / & X Emergency reversal of warfarin therapy

25. Autologous Blood Collection / infusion of client’s own blood Can be collected weekly as long as client’s H & H are within safe range Upto 3 weeks before surgery Hct - 45 % Stored at 2 - 6 ˚ c Shelf life - 35 days

26. M C Q – TIME

27. 1 . Shelf life of Packed Red cells - ? A 5 days B 5 weeks C 5 months D 5 years

28. 2 . Which of the following can be used in Inherited defeciency of Factor VIII / Factor XIII ? A Fresh frozen plasma B Platelet concentrate C Cryoprecipitate D Packed cells

29. 3 . All of the following are plasma derivatives except - A Albumin B Immunoglobin C Coagulation factors D Stored plasma

30. 4. In Autologous blood transfusion, the blood can be withdrawn upto - weeks before surgery ? A 2 weeks B 3 weeks C 4 weeks D 5 weeks

31. 5 . Patients on Aspirin who are actively bleeding & undergoing major surgery may require - ? A Prothrombin concentrate B Packed red cells C Plasma – Fresh D Platelet concentrate

32. T H A N X THANX