BLUNT TRAUMA.powerpoint presentation ppt

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1. BLUNT TRAUMA

2. NEW OCULAR TRAUMA
TERMINOLOGIES
CLOSED INJURY
OPEN INJURY
CONTUSION
RUPTURE
LACERATION
LAMELLAR LACERATION
PENETRATION
PERFORATION

3. CAUSES-
Directblowtotheeyebyfist,
ball,bluntinstrumentslikestones,
sticks,roadsidefalls,automobile
accidents,agriculture/industrial
machinesandfalluponprojecting
bluntobjects.
Blunt Trauma Causes
Contusional Injuries

4. MECHANICS OF CONCUSSION
INJURIES

5. MODES OF DAMAGE
Mechanical tearing (laceration effect)
Damage to tissue cells
Vascular damage
Trophic changes
Delayedcomplicationssuchas
secondary glaucoma,
haemophthalmus,laterosettecataract
andretinaldetachment.

6. TRAUMATIC LESIONS OF
CONTUSION INJURY
1.Closed globe injury
2.Globe rupture
3.Extraocular lesions

7. CLOSED GLOBE INJURY
CONJUNCTIVA
Subconjunctival haemorrhage,
chemosis and tears.

8. CORNEA
Corneal abrasion and recurrent
corneal erosions
Acute corneal edema
Tears in Descemet’s membrane
Partial corneal tears
Blood staining

10. ANTERIORCHAMBER
•Traumatic hyphaema
•Exudates

11. IRIS, PUPIL AND CILIARY BODY
Traumatic miosis
Traumatic mydriasis
Rupture of pupillary margin
Iridodialysis
Antiflexion and retroflexion of iris
Traumatic aniridia
Angle recession
Inflammatory changes---traumatic
iridocyclitis, haemophthalmitis, etc.

13. LENS
Vossius ring
Concussion cataract
Traumatic absorption of lens
Subluxation of lens
Dislocation of lens
Phakocele

15. VITREOUS
Vitreous haemorrhage
Liquefaction and opacities
Detachment
Vitreous herniation

17. RETINA
Commotio retinae (Berlin’s edema)
Retinal haemorrhage
Retinal tears
Retinal detachment
Concussion changes at macula
(macular cyst / macular hole)

19. CHOROID
Rupture of choroid
Choroidal haemorrhage
Choroidal detachment
Traumatic choroiditis

20. EFFECTS ON IOP
Traumatic glaucoma
Traumatic hypotony

21. TRAUMATIC CHANGES IN
REFRACTION
Myopia
Hypermetropia
Globe rupture

22. EXTRAOCULAR LESIONS
Eyelid lesions
Lacrimal apparatus lesions
Optic nerve injuries
Orbital injuries