Bone marrow transplantation

bone marrow transplant is the surgical procedure for replacement of the cancerous or abnormal cells present in the blood or cells and to improve the blood quality and quantity to fight against the diseases and for learning purpose for all the nursing student and application of these knowledge in their clinical practice

1. Bone Marrow Transplantation DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING

2. Learning Objectives At the end of this lecture, students should be to Define Bone Marrow Biopsy. Enlist the Types of BMT. Describe the Nursing Management of BMT.

3. Bone Marrow

4. Definition BMT is a therapeutic modality that offers the possibility of cure for some patients with hematologic disorders such as severe aplastic anemia, some forms of leukemia, and thalassemia.

5. Types of BMT based on the source of donor cells include: Allogeneic (from a donor other than the patient) Autologous (from patient) Syngeneic (from an identical twin)

6. Nursing Management in Bone Marrow Transplantation Implementing Pretransplantation Care Providing Care During Treatment Providing Posttransplantation Care Caring For The Donors

7. Implementing Pre transplantation Care Nutritional assessments, extensive physical examinations and organ function tests psychological evaluations are conducted.

8. Blood work includes assessing past antigen exposure The patient’s social support systems and financial and insurance resources are also evaluated. Informed consent and patient teaching about the procedure and pre transplantation and post transplantation care are vital.

9. Bone marrow aspiration

10. Providing Care During Treatment Monitoring the patient’s vital signs and blood oxygen saturation Assessing for adverse effects, such as fever, chills, shortness of breath, Providing ongoing support and patient teaching

11. Patients require support with blood products and hemopoietic growth factors. Potential infection may be bacterial, viral, fungal, or protozoan in origin. Renal complications Tumor lysis syndrome and acute tubular necrosis are also risks after BMT.

12. Graft versus-host disease (GVHD) Venous Occlusive disease (VOD) Pulmonary complications, such as pulmonary edema, interstitial pneumonia, and other pneumonias, often complicate the recovery after BMT.

13. Providing Post transplantation Care Ongoing nursing assessment Late effects include infections, restrictive pulmonary abnormalities, and recurrent pneumonias. Sterility often results. Chronic GVHD involves the skin, liver, intestine, esophagus, eye, lungs, joints, and vaginal mucosa, Cataracts. Psychosocial assessments

14. Caring for the Donors Donors commonly experience mood alterations, decreased self esteem, and guilt from feelings of failure if the transplantation fails. Family members must be educated and supported to reduce anxiety and promote coping during this difficult time.

15. Nursing Management Bone Marrow Biopsy

16. Summary So far we have discussed about definition, types and management of bone marrow transplantation.

17. Bibliography Lewis et al, Medical Surgical Nursing, Mosby Elsevier,7 th edition. Joyce.M.Black et al, Medical Surgical Nursing, Saunders publication. Brunner and Siddhartha, Medical Surgical Nursing, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

18. Thank You