Boyles-Law.pptx grade 10 fourth quarter topic

Boyle's Law

1. MELC #21: Investigate the relationship between: - volume and pressure at a constant temperature of a gas

2. Learning Objectives: 1 2 3 Identify the properties of gas and their relationship to each other. Solve problems using Boyle’s Law. Demonstrate how Boyle’s Law affects our daily living.

3. Picture Analysis Describe the molecules based on its movement, spaces, number.

4. Graph Me! Study the figures on the next slide. Plot the volume and pressure on each of the graphs. Connect the plotted points and interpret the relationship of the variables.

5. Graph Me!

6. INTERPRETATION

7. Behavior of Gases: Boyle’s law and its Application

8. Gas - a fluid (such as air) that has neither independent shape nor volume but tends to expand indefinitely.

9. General Properties of Gas:

10. General Properties of Gas: 1. Gas has no definite shape and volume. Their volume is the volume of their container.

11. General Properties of Gas: 2. They are compressible when pressure is exerted and they also exert pressure.

12. General Properties of Gas: 3. Gases expand when heated and contract when cooled.

13. General Properties of Gas: 4. The intermolecular force of attraction between their particles is negligible, thus, they diffuse easily.

14. Measurable Properties of Gas: VOLUME PRESSURE TEMPERATURE

15. Measurable Properties of Gas: VOLUME The volume of a gas is equal to the volume of its container.

16. Measurable Properties of Gas: VOLUME The common units of volume used in gas measurements are liter (L), milliliter (mL), cubic meter (m3) and cubic centimeter (cm3).

17. Measurable Properties of Gas: PRESSURE The pressure of a gas is the force exerted by the gas molecules on the walls of its container divided by the surface area of the container.

18. Measurable Properties of Gas: PRESSURE The Earth’s atmosphere exerts pressure = 1.013 x105 N/m2 or 1 atm (atmosphere).

19. Measurable Properties of Gas: PRESSURE Common Units of Pressure: 1 atm = 1.013 x10^5 N/m2 = 1.013 x10^5 Pa 1 atm = 760 torr = 760 mmHg 1 atm = 14.696 psi .

20. Measurable Properties of Gas: TEMPERATURE The temperature of a gas is the average kinetic energy of the particles of gas.

21. Measurable Properties of Gas: TEMPERATURE It is usually expressed in degree Celsius (°C), degree Fahrenheit (°F) and Kelvin (K).

22. Measurable Properties of Gas: TEMPERATURE °C = (°F -32) / 1.8 °F = 1.8°C + 32 K = °C + 273 Measurable Properties of Gas:

23. Standard Conditions of Gas: 1. The standard temperature is the melting of an ice which is 0°C or 273K. 2. The standard pressure is the average pressure of the atmosphere at sea level which is equal to 1 atm. One mole of gas occupies a volume of 22.4 L.

24. Picture Analysis

25. Picture Analysis What happens to the balloon when the plunger of the syringe is being pushed? How about if being pulled?

26. Boyle’s law is a gas law which states that the pressure exerted by a gas (of a given mass, kept at a constant temperature) is inversely proportional to the volume occupied by it.

27. Boyle’s law was put forward by the Anglo-Irish chemist Robert Boyle in the year 1662.

28. Boyle’s law

29. Boyle’s law

30. Sample Problem: 1. Two liters of gas is confined in a container under a pressure of 760 mmHg. What could be the new volume if the pressure is increased to 1,520 mmHg.

31. Sample Problem: Given : V 1 = 2 L P 1 = 760 mmHg P 2 = 1,520 mmHg Required : Final Volume (V2) Equation : V 1 P 1 =V 2 P 2

32. Sample Problem: Solution : (2L) (760 mmHg) = (V2) (1520 mmHg) V2 = (2L) (760 mmHg) 1520 mmHg Answer : V2 = 1L

33. Try this! An argon gas occupies 56.2 L at 760 torr. If the volume of gas is decreased to 1⁄4 of the original volume, calculate its final pressure.

34. Try this! At 0°C and 5 atm, a given sample of gas occupies 75 L. The gas is compressed to a final volume of 30 L at 0°C. What is the final pressure?

35. Answer Given:

36. Answer Required: P 2

37. Answer Equation: P V = P V 2 1 1 2

38. Answer Solution:

39. Answer Answer: 3040 torr

40. Try this! At 0°C and 5 atm, a given sample of gas occupies 75 L. The gas is compressed to a final volume of 30 L at 0°C. What is the final pressure?

41. Answer Given:

42. Answer Required: P 2

43. Answer Equation: P V = P V 2 1 1 2

44. Answer Solution:

45. Answer Answer: 12.5 atm

46. MELC: (Day 3) Investigate the relationship between: - volume and pressure at a constant temperature of a gas

47. Learning Objectives: 1 2 3 Identify the properties of gas and their relationship to each other. Solve problems using Boyle’s Law. Demonstrate how Boyle’s Law affects our daily living.

48. Performance Task 1: Boyle’s Law Model

49. Objective: Create your own model for Boyle’s Law.

50. Materials: 2 pcs. balloon 1 plastic bottle ( mismo bottle) Scissors Tape

51. Procedure: 1. Cut off the bottom portion of the bottle. 2. Take one balloon. Cut off its narrow end or its opening. The part left should look like a shower cap. 3. Stretch this part of the balloon to cover the bottom part of your bottle. This will serve as the membrane.

52. Procedure: 4. Take the other balloon. Fold the opening of this balloon around the rim of the bottle to hang it upside down. 5. Now that your model is ready, slightly pull the balloon membrane of the bottle and observe what happens to the balloon hanging in the rim. 6. Let go of the membrane and observe again.