Breast feeding.. p pt by rahul dhaker

B.Sc. Nursing II year and GNM II year

1. Breast Feeding
By –Rahul Dhaker
Asst. Professor, RCN
Bhilwara
1R Dhaker Asst. Progessor, RCN

2. Breastfeeding is one of the
most effective ways to ensure
child health and survival.
If every child was breastfed
within an hour of birth, given
only breast milk for their first
six months of life, and
continued breastfeeding up to
the age of two years, about
800,000 child lives would be
saved every year.
WHO

3. “a global goal for
optimal maternal
and child health
and nutrition”

4. Inappropriate feeding
practices,
sub-optimal or no
breastfeeding and inadequate
complementary feeding remain
the greatest threat to child
health and survival globally
“Celebrating Innocenti 1990-2005: Achievements,
Challenges and Future Imperatives”, 22 November 2005, Italy

5. Introduction
Breastfeeding is the normal way of providing
young infants with the nutrients they need for
healthy growth and development.
Colostrum, the yellowish, sticky breast milk
produced at the end of pregnancy, is
recommended by WHO as the perfect food for
the newborn, and feeding should be initiated
within the first hour after birth.
5R Dhaker Asst. Progessor, RCN

6. Cont….Intro
Exclusivebreastfeedingisrecommendedup
to6monthsofage,withcontinued
breastfeedingalongwithappropriate
complementaryfoodsuptotwoyearsofage
orbeyond.
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7. Nutritional View of
Breastfeeding
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10. Advantages of breastfeeding
for the baby
Superior nutrition
There is an increased resistance to infections,
and therefore fewer incidents of illness and
hospitalization
Decreased risk of allergies and lactose
intolerance
Baby experiences less nappy rash and thrush
Baby is less likely to develop allergies
Baby experiences fewer stomach upsets and
constipation
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13. Cont… Advantages of breastfeeding for the baby
Breastfed infants tend to have fewer cavities
Breastfeeding promotes the proper
development of baby’s jaw and teeth.
Breastfed infants tend to have higher IQs due
to good brain development early in life
Babies benefit emotionally, because they are
held more
Breastfeeding promotes mother-baby bonding
In the long term, breastfed babies have a
decreased risk of malnutrition, obesity and
heart disease compared to formula fed babies.
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14. Breastfeeding reduces baby's risk of:-
infections, with fewer visits to hospital as
a result
Diarrhea and vomiting, with fewer visits to
hospital as a result
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
childhood leukemia
type 2 diabetes
obesity
cardiovascular disease in adulthood
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Cont… Advantages of breastfeeding for the baby

15. Advantages of
breastfeedingfor the mother
Mothers who breastfeed tend to lose weight and
achieve their pre-pregnancy figure more easily
than mothers who bottle feed
Mothers who breastfeed are less likely to
develop breast cancer later in life
There are less trips to the doctor and less money
is spent on medications
Breastfeeding promotes mother-baby bonding
Breastfeeding reduces the risk of postpartum
depression
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17. Cont… Advantages of breastfeedingfor the
mother
Hormones released during breast-feeding create
feelings of warmth and calm in the mother
Breastfeeding mother at lowers risk of :
◦Breast cancer (reduce their chances of developing
breast cancer by 24 percent.)
◦Ovarian cancer
◦Osteoporosis (weak bones)
◦Cardiovascular disease
◦Obesity
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RCN 19

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22. Common breastfeeding challenges
Sore nipples
Low milk supply
Oversupply of milk
Engorgement
Plugged ducts
Breast infection (mastitis)
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23. Cont…
Fungal infections
Inverted, flat, or very large nipples
Breastfeeding a baby with health
problems
Baby who refuse breast feeding
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24. Technique: Breast Feeding positions
Cradle hold
Cross-cradle hold
Football hold (Clutch Position)
Side-lying position
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25. Cradle hold
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26. Cross-cradle hold
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27. Football hold (Clutch Position)
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28. Side-lying position
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29. Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding
Have a written breastfeeding policy that is
routinely communicated to all health care staff.
Train all health care staff in skills necessary to
implement this policy.
Inform all pregnant women about the benefits
and management of breastfeeding.
Help mothers initiate breastfeeding within half an
hour of birth.
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30. Cont…
Show mothers how to breastfeed, and how to
maintain lactation even if they should be
separated from their infants.
Give newborn infants no food or drink other than
breast milk, unless medically indicated.
Practice rooming-in -that is, allow mothers and
infants to remain together -24 hours a day.
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31. Cont…
Encourage breastfeeding on demand.
Give no artificial teats or pacifiers (also
called dummies or soothers) to breastfeeding
infants.
Foster the establishment of breastfeeding
support groups and refer mothers to them on
discharge from the hospital or clinic.
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32. Helpful positions for burping your baby include
Propped up
with baby's
tummy against
mother
shoulder.
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33. Cont…
Lying
tummy-
down
across
Mother
lap.
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34. Cont…
Sitting up,
leaning
over with
mother
supportive
hand under
baby's arm.
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35. Exclusive breastfeeding
Exclusive breastfeeding means that the infant receives only
breast milk. No other liquids or solids are given –not even
water –with the exception of oral rehydration solution, or
drops/syrups of vitamins, minerals or medicines.
WHO recommends that infants should be exclusively breastfed
for the first six months of life to achieve optimal growth,
development and health. Thereafter, infants should receive
nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods, while
continuing to breastfeed for up to two years or more.
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36. Complementary or weaning
feeding
From the age of 6 months a baby needs more
energy and nutrients than can be provided by
breast milk alone. At this age a baby’s digestive
system is mature enough to digest a range of
foods.
Complementary feeding means giving other
foods in addition to breastmilk. The gradual shift
from breastmilkto solid foods is a transition
period that begins after an infant reaches six
months of age and continues until the age of two
years or more.
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37. When starting solids after six
months, an infant’s -
Enzyme system and gastrointestinal wall have
adequately matured to digest a variety of
foods,
Head and neck muscles are strong enough for
head control and the coordination of tongue,
lip and swallow,
Oral reflexes have developed to swallow
semi-solid and solid foods, immune system is
ready to handle other foods and to protect
against pathogens and allergies,
Kidney system will not be overloaded.
39R Dhaker Asst. Progessor, RCN

38. Qualities of complementary
foods
Liquid at starting then semisolid and solid
foods to be introduced gradually.
Clean, fresh and hygienic, so that no infection
can occur.
Easy to prepare at home with the available
food items and not coustly.
High in energy density and low in bulk
viscosity and contains all nutrients necessary
for the baby.
Based on culture practice and traditional
belief
Well balanced , nourishing and suitable for
the infants.
40R Dhaker Asst. Progessor, RCN

39. Drawbacks of Artificial
Feeding
The use of a feeding tube may result in
pneumonia, infection or stomach ulcer
A patient who repeatedly removes a tube
may have to be restrained to prevent
injury
Artificial feeding may interfere with the
body's natural process of shutting down
Does not prolong life, but may prolong the
dying process
Maintaining artificial feeding and fluids
can make some symptoms worse
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