Breeds of swine

15,159 views 50 slides Feb 09, 2021
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About This Presentation

Philippine native pigs and purebreds, upgraded and hybrid pigs


Slide Content

BREEDS OF SWINE
Margie Lumanggaya-Bibat, MSA

The Philippine Native Swine
•Indigenousanimalsbelongtoalargeundefined
populationofindividualswithoutanyuniformtraits
usuallyabsorbedtoabreed.
•ThelocalpigorPhilippineNativepigbelongstothe
category,astheyaresmallandlacktheanatomical
symmetryofstandardbreeds.
•Generalcharacteristics:Smallandlatematuring,
mostlysolidblackandwhitehavesmallears,sway
backandwithweakpasterns.

Philippine native pig
Origin:
•SuscelebenensisphilippinensisNehring
•Suscelebenensisnegrinus Sanborn
•Susbarbatus ahoenobarbus Huet
Other Scientific Name
•Susphilippinensis Luzon Warty pig
•SusbarbatusPalawan Bearded pig

Luzon warty pig Bearded pig

Purebreeds
•bredfrommembersofarecognizedbreed,
strain,orkindwithoutadmixtureofotherblood
overmanygenerations.

Purebreeds
•Landrace
•Yorkshire/Largewhite
•Duroc
•Pietrain
•Hampshire
•Berkshire
•PolandofChina

List of Other Purebreeds
•Spotted ChineseTaihupigs
•Limousine -Funjang
•Chesterwhite -Meishang
•Hereford -Janxiangblack
•Taniworth -Erhualian
•Largeblack

Landrace
•Origin–firstlandraceswine
wasdevelopedinDenmarkfor
theproductionofhighquality
bacon.
•Characteristics
whiteincolor,although
blackskinspotsorfrecklesare
rathercommon.
knownasthelongestbreed
ofswine(16to17ribs)
prolificandgoodmothering
abilityunder Philippine
condition.
•Disadvantage
weaklegsandpasterns
especiallyonthehindleg.
Somestrainsoflandrace
havenarrowbodyandlong
legsdependingonthe
countryoforigin.

FEMALEMALE

Yorkshire/Large white
•Origin–Englishbaconbreedwhich
hasitsorigininYorkshireand
neighboringcountriesinNorthern
England.Itwasdevelopedby
selectionand crossingwith
Leicesterhogwhichwasawhite
dog.
•ThepresentLargewhitewas
developedinEngland.
•Characteristics
Entirelywhiteincolor.
Notedasgoodmothers(Mother
breed)
Theynotonlyfarroworraise
largewhite
•Disadvantages
Someindividualsinthisherd
arerelativelyshortandwith
bigbellyandtheytendto
developcarcasseswithexcess
backfat.

MALE FEMALE

Duroc
•Origin–EasternUnitedStates
andintheCornBelt.
•Characteristics
Solidcolors,rangingfromvery
highlightgoldentoverydarkred
thatapproachesthecolorof
mahogany.
Theheadissmallinproportion
tothebodyandthejowlis
mediuminsize.
Thelengthofitslegsis
proportionaltothedepthand
lengthofitsbody.
•Performance
consideredasuperiorbreedin
termsofgrowthrateandfeed
efficiency.
hasgoodmusclequalityandis
probablythemostresistantto
stress.
•Disadvantage
someindividualshaveastrong
tendencytohaveawellarchedback
whichisundesirablebecausethis
animaldonotstaylonginthe
breedingherd.
unsoundfrontandhindlegsthat
mayleadtostiffgiltorlamenessare
alsoencounteredinsomeanimals.

MALE FEMALE

Pietrain
•Origin–Pietrain,Belgium,the
villagefromwhichthebreed
takesitsname, wasthe
birthplaceofthebreed.
•Characteristics
This breed may be
appropriatelycalledthe‘muscle”
pigsbecauseitiswellknownfor
its outstanding muscle
developmentintheham,joinand
shoulder.
•Disadvantage
becauseofrelativelywell-
muscledham,thenumberone
problemofthisbreedisusually
weaknessofthehindlegswhich
donotdevelopasfastastheham
muscle.
thisbreedisalsoknownfor
beingaslowgrowerandbeing
highlysusceptibletotress.

MALE FEMALE

Hampshire
•Origin–thisbreedtracesits
origintoSouthernEngland
•ButthefirstHampshireSwine
recordwasoriginalinBoone
countryKentucky,justacrossthe
OhioRiverfromCincinnati.
•Characteristics
the most striking
characteristicsoftheHampshire
isthewhitebeltaroundthe
shoulderandbodyincludingthe
foreleg.
•Performance
feedefficiency,lengthand
ham-binpercentofthisbreedis
excellent.
•Disadvantage
lowlittersizeatbirthandat
weaning,poormotheringability
andlattematuring.Beingblack
isalsoanobjectionbecauseitis
associatedwiththickbackfatis
alsoanobjectionbecauseitis
associatedwiththickbackfatand
with difficulty in
dressing/cleaning during
slaughtering.

MALE FEMALE

Berkshire
•Origin–SouthcentralEngland,
principallyinthecountriesof
BerkshireandWiltshire.
•Characteristics
thedistinctpecullarityofthe
Berkshirebreedistheshortand
sometimesupturnednose.
thecolorisblackwithsixwhite
points,fourwhitefeet,onepoint
ontheforehead;andanotheron
theswitchofthetail.
•Disadvantage
thisbreedhasasmalllitter
sizeatbirthandatweaning,late
maturing,thickbackfatandthe
blackskin.

MALE FEMALE

Poland of China
•Origin–South-westernOhiointhefertileareaknownas
theMiamiValley.Itisalsoknownasthe“Hottype”of
“BigtypePolandofChina.”
•Characteristics
ModernPolandChinaisblackincolorwithsixdistinct
whitepoints,thefourfeet,polloftheheadandswitchof
thetail.

MALE FEMALE

List of Other Purebreeds

Spotted
•Origin–CentralIndiana
•Characteristics
large,black-and-whitespots.
Spotsareknownfortheirfeed
efficiency,rateofgainand
carcassquality.
Spottedfemalesfortheir
productivity, docility and
durability.
•Disadvantage
don’tdowellinextremelyhot,
sunnyclimatesbecauseoftheir
propensitytowardsunburn.They
weren’t raised forthose
conditions.
canbetoughtofind

MALE FEMALE

Limousine
•Origin–westernMassifCentral
•Characteristics
verylivelyandalertIberianbreedofpigisaccustomedto
foragingforitsfoodinthewild.
Itiswhitewithblackmarksofvaryingsizes.
Therearetwoblackpatches,oneontheheadandtheotheron
therump.
Itsbodyisstout,broadandsupportedbylongandstrong
limbs.

MALE FEMALE

Chester White
•Origin–ChesterCounty,Pa.,UnitedStatesofAmerica
fromwhichtheirnamewasformed.
•Characteristics
Alargeoverallappearancewithfattycharacteristicsand
featuresbutwithrelativelythinnerbutstoutlegs;the
headisbigandhasoverlappingears
White,pinkishwhite
Docile
tailarelongandtwisted

MALE FEMALE

Hereford
•Origin–domesticpigfrom
UnitedStates.
•ItisalsocalledHerefordHog,and
itwasnamedforit’scolorand
pattern.Thecolorpatternofthis
breedissimilartothatofthe
Herefordcattlebreed,redwitha
whiteface.
•Characteristics
Theirfaceisofwhitecolorand
isofmediumlengthwhichis
slightdished.Theyhavea
mediumsizeddroppingears.

anactiveandhardyanimal.
wellsuitedforbothintensiveand
extensivepigfarmingsystem,and
thebreedalsodowellinawide
varietyofclimates.
usually have a docile
temperament.
Theirquietnature,friendly
behavioranddociletemperament
aregoodfortheyoungpeopleand
forthenewpigfarmers.

MALE FEMALE

Tamworth
•Origin–Irelandwheretheywere
knownas“IrishGrazers”,being
giventhatnameduetothefact
thattheyweresuchwonderful
foragers.
•Characteristics
Theywerelongoflimb,longin
thesnoutandflatintherib.
Theywereactive,hardy,good
rustlers,andveryprolific,but
theywereslowfeedersandlatein
maturing.
anactiveandhardyanimal.
wellsuitedforbothintensiveand
extensivepigfarmingsystem,and
thebreedalsodowellinawide
varietyofclimates.
usually have a docile
temperament.
Theirquietnature,friendly
behavioranddociletemperament
aregoodfortheyoungpeopleand
forthenewpigfarmers.

MALE FEMALE

Large Black
•Origin–EastAnglia.
•developedprimarilyfromChinesebreeds
broughtintoEnglandinthelate1800's.
•After1900,theLargeBlackbecame
well-knownoutsideofitsnativeregion
andspreadthroughoutGreatBritian.
•Characteristics
large,justslightlysmallerthan
Yorkshires,andalwaysblack.
Theyhavelongheadsandstraight
faces,withlopears.
haveagooddepthofbody,fairlength,
andstrongbacks.
Thehairisfineandratherthickwith
theblackpigmentationbeingquite
heavy.
heavydroopedear.
theearsaresolargetheycovermuchof
thefaceandseemtoobstructtheview
fromtheeyes.
knownforitsverydocilenature,andsome
havesuggestedthatitsobstructedvision
contributes to its unaggressive
temperament.
Whateverthecause,theyseemtomove
moreslowlyanddeliberatelythanother
breeds.
havehighlevelsofhardinessand
thriftiness,withlightshoulders,andgood
sidesandhams.
themotheringabilityandlittersizeare
good,thebreeddoesnotseemtobeas
earlymaturingasmostotherbreeds.The
heavyblackpigmentationoftheskinisa
characteristicnotfavoredbyprocessors.

MALE FEMALE

Chinese Taihupigs
•Origin–fromthenarrowregion
ofmildsub-tropicalclimate
aroundtheLakeTairegioninthe
lowerYangtzeRiverValleyof
China.
•Characteristics
largeone,blackincolourwitha
heavilywrinkledface.Ithasa
largeheadwithabroadforehead
andlargefoldedears.
have a high rateof
reproductionwithlittersizes
ranginguptotwenty,but
averagingfourteenlivepiglets.
Thischaracteristic,aswellas
theirresistancetodisease,has
resultedininterestinthepigsfor
researchintobreedingand
geneticengineering.
Taihupigshavebeenestablished
inFrance,Albania,Hungary,
Japan,theUKandtheUS.

Chinese Taihupigs
•Funjiang
•Meishan
•Janxiangblack
•Erhualian

Fengjing
•Origin–breedofdomesticpigfrom
Shanghai,China.
•Themainareasofthisbreedare
locatedinSongjiang,Jinshanand
Wujiang’sareas.
•ItwasnamedaftertheShanghai
townofFengjing.
•Characteristics
aremodest-sizedanimals.
Theyareblackincolor.
Theyaredistinguishedbytheir
faceandinaddition,theyhavea
body.
isananimal.Ithasarather
highrateofbreeding.
Thesowsareabletoproduce
twolittersperyearatparitywith
about12pigletsandrisingto
about17pigletsatathirdparty.
Occasionallybiglittersizeof
around20pigletshappens.
ThemeatoftheFengjingpigis
obviously,succulentflavorthatis
verygood,butthebreednormally
growsslowly.

MALE FEMALE

Meishan
•Origin–breedofdomesticpig
namedfortheMeishan,[1][page
needed]JiangsuProvince,China
•Characteristics
Itisasub-groupoftheTaihu
pigandisasmalltomedium-
sized(275-400lbs)breedwith
largedroopingears,andwrinkled
blackskin.
areextremelydocileand
renownedfortheirtenderand
flavorfulredmeatpork.
bestknownforitslargelitters
of15-22piglets.
Duetoitsfecundity,itwas
importedtotheUnitedStatesin
1989bytheUSDAAgricultural
ResearchService.

Jiaxingblack
•Origin–strainismainly
foundinthedistrictsof
JiaxingCityinZhejiang
Province.

Erhualan
•Origin–
•Characteristics
Erhualianpigshavelargeand
fullyfloppyears

Upgrades
•Upgradingnativepigsbredwithforeignbreeds.
•Diani–upgradeofnativepigs(Batangas)withBerkshire
BerkshirexPolandChinaxPhilippinenative(Batangas).
•Kaman–upgradeofnativepig(Batangas)withDuroc
DurocxPhilippinenative(Batangas)
•Berkjala–5/8Berkshireand3/8Jalajalapig(Rizal)
BerkshirexPhilippinenative(Jalajala)
Matureweight:170kg(Villegas,1965)
•MiraclePig–½LargeWhite¼Landrace¼Native
•Libtong
HampshirexPhilippinenative(IlocosSur)

Hybrid pigs or synthetic breeds
•Donothavedistinguishingphysicalcharacteristicswhich
differentiatethemfromothergroupofpigs.
•Mostofthemarewhitewithgoodmuscledevelopment.
•Examplesare:Babcook,Camborough,Cotswoid,Hypo,
Seghers,MinnesotaNo.1,NieuwDalland

REFERENCES:
•https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_warty_pig
•https://www.apnikheti.com/en/pn/livestock/pig/landrace
•https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/large-white-
yorkshire-pig-12347641373.html
•https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/725149977471908586 /
•https://genetic.by/en/duroc
•https://www.britishpigs.org.uk/duroc
•https://www.thepigsite.com/focus/advertiser/3665/the-
different-breeds-of-swine-pietrain-pietrain-pig-breed-pietrain-
gilts-sows-and-boars
•https://britishpigs.org.uk/pietrain
•https://geomedia.top/pietro-breed-pigs/

REFERENCES:
•https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/552394710525130164 /
•https://swinegenetics.com/boar-info.php?Id=1272
•https://www.nepork.org/breeds-of-swine-berkshire/
•http://pigs.co.nz/berkshire/berkshire-standard/
•https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/613756255439525567 /
•https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fww
w.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D -
CPXBQlyRwQ&psig=AOvVaw3XO9OI0UUlABEPC9LVX_Q7&u
st=1606636265934000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CA0Qj
hxqFwoTCIjf3d3gpO0CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAJ
•https://www.dreamstime.com/photos -images/spotted-
pig.html

REFERENCES:
•https://www.pork.org/facts/pig-farming/major-swine-
breeds/#:~:text=Spotted,of%20gain%20and%20carcass%20quality.
•https://www.gramat-parc-animalier.com/en/park-and-its-
animals/mammals/limousin-pig
•https://www.tasteatlas.com/most-popular-food-products-in-limousin
•https://www.breedslist.com/chester-white-pig.htm
•https://www.roysfarm.com/hereford-pig/
•https://www.thepigsite.com/focus/advertiser/3666/the-different-
breeds-of-swine-tamworth-tamworth-pig-breed-tamworth-gilts-sows-
and-boars
•https://www.tamworthswine.org/tamworth-history/

REFERENCES:
•http://afs.okstate.edu/breeds/swine/largeblac
k/index.html/
•https://spoiltpups.com/fengjing-pig/
•Green Empire Licensure Examination Reviewer
for Agriculturist
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