Brickwork & Plaster 26.02.22.pdf

Brick work wms for civil engineering

1. 52nd Knowledge Sharing Session
Construction Department

2. Brickwork & Plaster

3. Brickwork

4. What is brickwork?
Brickwork is masonry produced by a
bricklayer, using bricks and mortar.
Typically, rows of bricks called courses
are laid on top of one another to build
up a structure such as a brick wall.

5. Types of Masonry
The masonry work is divided into 4
different categories:
• Brick masonry
• Stone Masonry
• Reinforced Masonry
• Composite Masonry

6. Types of Bricks
•Common Burnt Clay Bricks
• Fly ash Clay Bricks
• Concrete Bricks
• Engineering Bricks
• Sand Lime Bricks (Calcium Silicate Bricks)
• Other Brick Types include bullnose, channel, coping, cownose& hollow bricks.

7. Choosing Right Bricks For
Brickwork
• Bricks should be well burnt and of uniform size
,Colour& Edges.
• Striking two bricks together should produce a
metallic ringing sound.
• The surface should be hard enough to resist
scratches.
Size of good brick is :
19x9x9 cms
9x4x4 inches

8. • Bricks Should not break ,if dropped from 1 m height on Hard Ground.
• Bricks must be soaked in water for a minimum of 8 hours before use,
else it will absorb moisture from mortar.
• A Good brick shouldn’t absorb more than 20% moisture by weight. For example ,a brick
weighing 2 kg should not weigh more than 2.4
kg if kept immersed in water for 24 hours.
• After choosing right brick the next process is the brickwork. For
brickwork process different tools & equipment are required.
• Layout for brick work to be done before doing brickwork at any location. All bricks should
be placed upon on their bed .The depression on top provides space for the mortar to bond
well. Line-string(Line dori), plumb bob(Saahul),and spirit level should be used for alignment
,vertically ,and horizontally during brickwork.

9. • DPC(Damp Proof Course) of 100-150 mm work to be done with rich Cement concrete
mixed with waterproofing compound over brick layout before raising any brick work
further.
• All mortar joints should be 10mm Thick only in brickwork & All Horizontal & Vertical
Joints should be raked and properly finished with a trowel or float on both faces of the
brickwork.
• Concrete Coping (Patli) of M20 Grade with Minimum steel & Side Column anchorage to
be done after raising brickwokuptobelow heights as per thickness of Brickwork.
For 4”(100mm) Thick Brickwork –Coping At 800 mm
For 6”(150mm) Thick Brickwork –Coping At 1000 mm
For 8”/9”( 200/230mm) Thick Brickwork -Coping At 1200 mm
• Brickwork should be properly cured for at last 10 days.

10. Masonry joints
In masonry, mortar joints are the spaces between bricks, concrete blocks, or glass
blocks, that are filled with mortar or grout.

11. Recommended Mortar proportion for Brick works
• For 4” central partition wall 1:4 (1 part cement & 4 parts sand by volume)
• For 8”/9” exterior wall 1:6 (1 part cement and 6 parts sand by volume)
When you've laid a number of bricks, you need to check and adjust them. The four checks
are (in order):
• Gauge -use the gauge rod to make sure that the corner brick is the correct height.
• Level -use the spirit level to check that the row of bricks is horizontal. Don't try to level
each individual brick.
• Plumb -Use the plumb bob (Saahul) to make sure the wall is vertical.
• Straight -Use a straight edge horizontally along the face of the wall and adjust so that they
are all in line.

12. Gauge
Whenbuildinganywall,it'snecessarytokeepthecoursesatthecornersatthe
sameheight.Agaugeboardisusedtotothis.
Markoutapieceoftimberwithmarkscorrespondingtospacingofonebrick
heightplusthethicknessofthebedjoint(normallyatotalof75cm).
Usetherodatthecornerwheneachcourseisbegunandcheckthatitisatthe
correctheight,Onunevenground.
Level
Useaspiritleveltokeepthecourseslevel.Rememberthatthecornerbricks
havebeensettothecorrectheight,soanyadjustmentshouldbebybedding
downthebricksinfromthecorner.Bricksarenotmadetoverytighttolerances,
sodon'twasteyourtimetryingtogeteachbrickexactlylevel,thepointistoget
thepartsofthebrickswhichtouchtheundersideofthespiritlevel,level.

13. Plumb
Checkthatthewallfaceisverticalbyusingaspiritlevel,tapthebrickacrossthewallasnecessarytoadjust
thebrickasnecessary.Donottrytodothistobothsidesofthewall,chooseonesideas'theface'andjust
plumbthatside.
Doitalongthewall,spacingthepointsapproximatelyjustunderthelengthofthespiritlevel.
Checkbothsidesofcorners.

14. Straight
Straightenthecoursebyusingastraightedgebetweenthepointsprevious
plumbed.Tapthebricksasnecessary.
Likeplumbingthewall,onlycheckthefaceofthewall,don'ttryto
straightenbothsides

15. Striking and Pointing Brickwork
Thedifferencebetween'striking'and'pointing'isthat:
•Strikingisfinishingthemortarjointsbetweennewlylaidbricks.
•Pointingisapplyingasmallamountofmortarintothefacejointbetween
bricks(eithernewlylaidorinoldbrickwork).
Scope of pointing
•Maintainingthejointsofthestructures.
•Pointingbeingcheapcanbeadoptedinplacesoflowrainfall.
•Wherethenaturalbeautyofmaterials,viz.,stoneblocks,bricksetc.is
desiredtobeexhibited.
•Givesresistingpowertothebricksandstonesusedinconstruction
towardsweatherconditions.

16. Proper Curing of Brickwork
Improper Brickwork at Vertical Joints

17. Good Practice for Brickwork with DPC, proper English Bond ,All Joints Raking & Date of Brickwork

18. Bamboo inside Brickwork
Brick on edge at Top Layer of Brickwork

19. Plastering

20. Plastering
It is a process of covering rough surfaces of RCC, Brickwork,
stonework etc. with a cementitious mix to obtain an even,
smooth, regular,clean & durable surface.
Objective of plastering:
• To provide an even, smooth, regular, clean and durable finished
surface with improved appearance.
• To preserve and protect the brickwork surface.
• To cover up the use of inferior quality and porous materials of
the masonry work.
• To conceal defective workmanship.
Plastering Materials

21. Surface Preparation Before Plastering (External)
•All balance brick work to be completed with rich cement mortar of 1:4 with metal aggregate (10mm) with plastocrete
as per dosage. 10 days prior to starting of first coat plaster for every elevation. Hacking on all Beams & Columns to be
done properly.
•Double scaffolding of MS-H frame or Cup lock system/Bamboo to be used without making supporting holes in walls.
All Perpendicular supports will be at least 150mm Away from Wall face.
•Half bag portable mixer to be used at site for mixing cement mortar used for external plastering.
•All balance shuttering pieces, nail, binding wire, cement slurry etc. to be removed before first coat plaster.
•Total Thickness of plaster Should not be More than 25mm in 2 Coats. Cement mortar of 1:6 proportion will be used
for first coat plaster with thickness of 12-15mm & Cement mortar of 1:4 proportion will be used for second coat
plaster with thickness of 8-10mm.
•Plastering to be done in line not in Plumb for all structures having height more than 8 meters .Date of first coat
plaster to be put on surface after first coat completion.
•Regular curing for continuous 7 days to be done for first coat then only second coat can be started.
•First coat plastering surface will be made rough, with jali or wire brush.
•Check list for 1st & 2nd coat will be made separately for every elevation. Register to be maintained for every
elevation.

22. •Cube of sizes 50x50mm to be casted during 1st & 2nd coat plaster both to check the mortar strength after 7 days &
28 Days.
•Poly Propylene fibers of 12mm size for 1
st
Coat & 6mm Size for 2
nd
Coat to be mixed as per the dosage in cement
mortar.
•Above Terrace Level plaster to be ended above parapet Wall coping with inside slope & 100mm Below to Parapet
wall.
•Scaffolding will be removed slowly, without damaging corners, moldings, dhars etc. care to be taken.

23. Surface Preparation Before Plastering (Internal)
1)
All balance brick work to be completed with rich cement mortar of 1:4 with metal aggregate (10mm) with plasto
creteas per dosage. Hacking on all Beams & Columns to be done properly. 1 day prior to starting of internal plaster,
all plastering Surfaces should be wetted for proper bonding.
2)
Half bag portable mixer to be used at site for mixing cement mortar used for internal plastering. Proper lighting
arrangements will be done before starting plaster in Dark areas.
3)
All Electrical/plumbing conduiting to be completed with JARI filling using Chicken Mesh & Cement mortar at all
required locations. All balance shuttering pieces,nails,bindingwire,cementslurry etcto be removed before
plastering.
4)
Level pads should be fixed at 1m C/c in grid wise to ensure uniform plaster thickness at all surfaces 3 days prior to
starting plastering. For internal walls,TotalThickness of plaster Should not be More than 12-15mm for all internal
plastering work . For Ceiling plaster thickness should not be more than 6-8mm.Cement mortar of 1:4 proportion will
be used for all internal plasters.
5)
All Electrical concealed switch boxes /plumbing fixtures /Granite/Marble Sills to be covered with Thermocol/Masking
Tape to avoid damage to fixtures /stones finish. Plastering to be done in Plumb for all surfaces with vertical &
diagonal checks. Date of plaster to be put on surface after completion.
6)Regular curing for continuous 7 days to be done for all surfaces.
7)
Check list for every plastering activity to be made to monitor Quality. Register to be maintained flat wise /Lobby
wise/structure wise .
8)Cube of sizes 50x50mm to be casted during plaster to check the mortar strength after 7 days & 28 Days.

24. Types of Plaster Finishes
• Smooth cast finish
• Rough cast finish
• Sand faced finish
• Pebble dash finish
• Scrapped finish
• Textured finish

25. Plastering Tools

26. Defects in Plaster work
•Blistering of Plastered Surface.
•Cracks in Plastering.
•Efflorescence on Plastered Surface.
•Flaking.
•Peeling.
•Popping.
•Uneven Plaster Surface.
•Softness of the Plaster.

27. External Plastering with Bamboo Scaffolding External Plastering with Grooves
Compound Wall Plastering Internal Double height plastering

28. Internal/External Plastering Preparation with Chicken Mesh
Fixing at RccCopings
Internal/External Plastering Preperationwith Chicken Mesh
Fixing at Brick & RCC Joints

31. Thank You