Briefing on female reproductive system.pptx

Anatomy and physiology of female reproductive system

1. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Reproductive tract in women is contained mainly in the pelvic cavity and perineum. It is divided in to External genitalia Internal genitalia

2. THE UTERUS The uterus is a hollow pear shaped muscular organ located in the true pelvis between the bladder and the rectum. The position of the uterus with in the true pelvis is one of anteversion or anteflexion . When the woman is standing, the uterus is an almost horizontal position with the fundus resting on the bladder.

3. FUNCTION To nourish the developing fetus prior to birth. It prepares for pregnancy each month and following pregnancy expels the product of conception.

4. STRUCTURE The non pregnant uterus is 7.5cm long,5cm wide and 2.5cm depth, each wall being 1.25cm thick. The cervix forms the lower third of the uterus and measures 2.5cm in each direction. The cornua are the upper outer angle of the uterus where the uterine tubes join. The fundus are the domed upper wall between the insertion of the uterine tubes. The body or corpus makes up the upper two thirds of the uterus and is the greater part.

5. The cavity is a potential space between the anterior and posterior walls. It is triangular in shape. The isthmus is a narrow area between the cavity and the cervix, which is 7mm long. It enlarges during pregnancy to form the lower uterine segment. The cervix or neck protrudes in to the vagina. The upper half being above the vagina is known as the supravaginal portion while the lower half is the infravaginal portion.

6. The internal os is the narrow opening between the isthmus and the cervix. The external os is a small round opening at the lower end of the cervix.

7. ACCESSARY REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN BREAST The breasts are bileteral grandular structures which are concerned with lactation following child birth.