Broiler flock management.pptx in poultry

Broiler flock management.pptx in poultry

1. Nutrition Genetics Management Environment 40 g chick leads to 2.00 kg broiler in 35 days

2. Pre flock management Cleaning and disinfection of the house

3. Pre flock management Plan (Time frame) 5-6 days Organic material removal Rodents control Insecticide Rodenticide

4. Pre flock management Simple water washing Washing with detergents and use H 2 O 2 for bio-film removal Chemical treatment Acid treatment ( Virorcid 0.5%) Base treatment (KOH)

5. Pre flock management Formalin spray Burning Fogging Fumigation

6. What is Disinfection??? The destruction of harmful micro-organisms. But Not the destruction of all micro organisms. Reduction in number to an acceptable level. To a level not harmful to health.

7. Cleaning Cleaning is the physical removal of organic matter. Amphoteric detergents are used for cleaning. Disinfectants don’t clean, they disinfect. What is organic matter? Old litter, droppings, feathers etc.

8. Types of Cleaning Dry Cleaning Wet Cleaning

9. Removal of Equipment & Old Litter Remove any residual feed from the feeder system and silo. Remove all movable equipments from shed. Remove all old litter from the house.

10. Dry Cleaning Brush and Blow all surfaces to remove dust from ceilings, floor, walls, water lines, fan boxes, inlets, electrical motors and silo. Use broom stick, brushes and blowers etc. Surrounding area is also dry cleaned. It is utmost important to remove feathers and old litter etc. from the vicinity of the Shed.

11. Wet Cleaning Soaking with detergent Scrubbing Washing & Drying

12. Soaking Soak all surfaces including o Floor o Roof o Walls o Feeding Line o Drinking Lines o Fans o Pads o Inlets o Partitions o Pillars

13. Scrubbing of Shed Scrub the floor, walls and pillars with brush/ scrubber machine. Use face washer to remove any dirt or organic matter from the floor by jet pressure of water.

14. Hot Water Washing & Drying Wash all surfaces with hot water (90°C) using high pressure washer machine. After washing, dry out whole shed before disinfectant application.

15. Cleaning of Drinking System Main water tank cleaning Drinking lines cleaning Use appropriate disinfectants/sanitizers in right dilution & give proper contact time . Flush out with clean water to remove any debris or bio film .

16. Disinfectant Application Place removable equipment in the shed after proper cleaning. Seal the shed properly. Apply disinfectant in right dilution and in proper way. Spray into the apex of the roof and work down the walls to the floors. Ensure that every part of the shed be covered with disinfectant solution.

17. Disinfectant Application Contd … Give proper contact time (8 to 12 hours) after applying disinfectant in the shed. Upon completion of the disinfectant process, place disinfectant foot dips at all entrances .

18. Swab Testing Take Swab samples to evaluate the disinfection procedure.

19. Cleaning & Disinfection of Feed Room Same procedure of dry cleaning, wet cleaning and disinfectant application is carried out as for shed. Swab tests taken for fungal count.

20. Addition of Bedding in Shed Add litter in shed ( might be rice husk or wood shaving) in proper thickness. Before input of bedding, tak e its sample for fungal count.

21. Fogging Fogging is done to control organisms introduced to the house during the setting up procedure and to disinfect the air and other inaccessible areas of the building. Thermal fogging Cold fogging After doing fogging of shed, we take litter samples for fungal count.

22. Bio security

23. Biosecurity Series of practices designed to prevent disease causing organisms from coming in contact with resident birds on farm

24. Components of Biosecurity 1-Isolation 2-Traffic control 3-Sanitation

25. Nature of Pathogens Faecal or oral Aerosole Mechanical vector Biological vector

26. STATIC VECTORS Housing Equipment Organic Waste Feed System Water System Building Surrounds

27. MOBILE VECTORS Livestock Humans Rodents Other Animals Equipment ???? Transport Organic Waste Airborne

28. NUTRIENT VECTORS Feed, TVC, Coliform Water, TVC, Coliform (Bedding) Litter / dust

29. Isolation Time Distance Physical barriers

30. Traffic control Feed delivery trucks and drivers Field service personnel Vector control pers. Hatchery truck and driver Egg truck and driver Veterinarians Federal inspectors Equipment company repairman

31. Bio-security University tours and visitors Signs Locked gate and fences Cost and risk Shower and jewelry Hand washing Log book

32. Bio-security Diagnostic lab Meetings Good habits in workers Shared equipments Truck disinfection

33. Traffic off the Farm Personnel Equipment Dirty and clean activities Traffic should from clean to dirty area

34. Multiple flocks Younger to older Non diseased to diseased one Separate equipments

35. Sanitation Cleaning and disinfection of Poultry house People Materials Equipments

36. Sanitation Dead birds S pilled feed Manure Refuse Incineration Deep pit burial Rendering Composting

37. COMMERCIAL BROILER MANAGEMENT

38. Grading of chicks Grades Weight Abnormality A + 40 + gm Nil A 36-40gm Nil Small/starter 30-35 Nil B Any weight Button formed

39. Healthy chicks

40. Selection of chicks No chick deformities No unhealed navel Above minimum weight No dehydration Down color represent breed Stand up well Bright eyes

41. Sexing of chicks Spread wing out like a fan Look at feathers on outer joint – bottom row of feathers are primaries, top row of feathers are coverts. When the bottom row(primaries) of feather is longer than the top row (coverts), the chick is female. When the bottom row(primaries) of feather is the same , or shorter than the top row (coverts), the chick is male

42. Rearing sex separate Advantages Male gain same weight 4 days before females At market time extreme male weight are about +/-31% of the mean and female +/- 27% FCR of male is near about 1.73 while that of female is 1.89

43. Sex separated broilers Advantages To meet market demands in a better way Male can be processed younger than females and 60-70% of both sexes will fall within a 114g variation Sex separated birds have uniformity in weight so ease in processing Using different feed for both sexes can reduce feed cost

44. Sex separated broilers Disadvantages Increase cost due to sexing Large breeding flocks are required to meet market demand of male and female Integrated broiler growing contract is more complicated in order to satisfy grower Not to meet market demand of small and large birds. Mostly are in average weight

45. Energy and Protein level for separate sex broilers Phase Male Female Straight run Feed Protein % M.E Kcal/Kg Protein % M.E Kcal/Kg Protein % M.E Kcal/Kg Starter 21 2800 19 2800 20 2750 Grower 20 3000 18 2950 19 2800 Withdrawal 18 3200 17 3100 18 2850

46. Chick abnormalities Cross beak Parrot beak Curled toes Swollen hock joints Lameness Missing eyes Stargazing

47. Production Efficiency measures FCR= Feed Intake/Body weight gain FCR=3.7/2 = 1.85

48. PEF(Production Efficiency Factor)

49. Floor space Floor space per bird Average 40- days live weight Mortality Weight of birds raised per unit of floor Annual per unit production ft 2 Kg % Kg 1 1.88 2 1.88 11.28 0.9 1.87 2.1 2.08 12.48 0.8 1.86 2.3 2.32 13.92 0.7 1.83 2.6 2.53 15.18 0.6 1.81 3 3.03 18.18 0.5 1.79 3.6 3.57 21.42 0.4 1.75 4.5 4.37 26.22

50. Floor space effects on different factors

51. Brooding

52. Brooding Temperatures o F week1 week2 week3 bodyweight gm 95 90 85 802 90 85 80 795 85 80 75 792 80 75 70 755

53. Effect of brooding temperature and body weight

54. Effect of brooding temperature and body weight temperature O F   week1 week2 week3 FCR 95 90 85 1.35 90 85 80 1.37 85 80 75 1.39 80 75 70 1.42

55. Brooding temperature and fcr

56. Effect of brooding temperature on ascites cases Temperature F week1 week2 week3 Ascites cases 95 90 85 0.83 90 85 80 0.83 85 80 75 0.62 80 75 70 2.5

57. Mismanagement during brooding High brooding temperature Dehydration Pasting Low brooding temperature Chilling or brooding pneumonia Smothering High Humidity Dampness Coccidiosis Low humidity Dryness of litter Respiratory problems

58. Weight increase trends Age in weeks Body weight of Male (g) Body weight of Straight- run (g) Body weight of Female (g) Time increase in straight run Time increase in male Time increase in female 40 40 40 1 167 165 163 4.13 4.18 4.08 2 439 429 419 2.60 2.63 2.57 3 867 835 802 1.95 1.97 1.91 4 1401 1330 1258 1.59 1.62 1.57 5 2019 1895 1770 1.42 1.44 1.41 6 2656 2475 2294 1.31 1.32 1.30

59. Fold Increase in body weight

60. Differentiating male and female weight with age

61. Graph showing difference in male body weight with different start up chicks

62. Graph showing difference in straight-run body weight with different start up chicks

63. Weight of M ale if chick of 30 gm Age (weeks) Trend ratio Body Weight 1 4.18 125 2 2.63 329 3 1.97 650 4 1.62 1051 5 1.44 1514 6 1.32 1992

64. Weight of M ale if chick of 35 gm Age (weeks) Trend ratio Body Weight 1 4.18 146 2 2.63 384 3 1.97 759 4 1.62 1226 5 1.44 1767 6 1.32 2324

65. Weight of M ale if chick of 45 gm Age (weeks) Trend ratio Body Weight 1 4.18 188 2 2.63 494 3 1.97 975 4 1.62 1576 5 1.44 2271 6 1.32 2988

66. Weight of Fem ale if chick of 30 gm Age (weeks) Trend ratio Body Weight 1 4.08 122 2 2.57 314 3 1.91 602 4 1.57 944 5 1.41 1328 6 1.30 1721

67. Weight of M ale if chick of 35 gm Age (weeks) Trend ratio Body Weight 1 4.08 143 2 2.57 367 3 1.91 702 4 1.57 1101 5 1.41 1549 6 1.30 2007

68. Weight of Fem ale if chick of 45 gm Age (weeks) Trend ratio Body Weight 1 4.08 183 2 2.57 471 3 1.91 902 4 1.57 1415 5 1.41 1991 6 1.30 2581

69. Weight of Straight run if chick of 30 gm Age (weeks) Trend ratio Body Weight 1 4.13 124 2 2.60 322 3 1.95 626 4 1.59 997 5 1.42 1421 6 1.31 1856

70. Weight of Straight run if chick of 35 gm Age (weeks) Trend ratio Body Weight 1 4.13 144 2 2.60 375 3 1.95 730 4 1.59 1163 5 1.42 1658 6 1.31 2166

71. Weight of Straight run if chick of 45 gm Age (weeks) Trend ratio Body Weight 1 4.13 186 2 2.60 483 3 1.95 939 4 1.59 1496 5 1.42 2131 6 1.31 2784

72. Light Age (days) Weight (Kg) Restricted 42 2.15 Continuous 42 2.11

73. Effect of light and body weight Difference 40g/bird 30,000 flock it becomes 1200Kg. Rate. 85 Rs/kg Saving. 102000 Rs

74. Light Age ( days) FCR Restricted 42 1.86 Continous 42 1.88

75. Effect of light on fcr Difference of 0.2 in FCR. 40g feed per bird In 30,000 flock 1200Kg. Feed price 30 Rs. Saving 36,000 Rs.

76. Light Age ( days) Livability % Restricted 42 99.23 Continuous 42 97.78

77. Effect of light on livability % Difference is 2.45% In 30,000 flock 735 birds 2 kg weight per bird 1470 Kg live weight. Market price Rs. 85 Saving Rs.124950

78. Light Age ( days) Cond. % Restricted 42 1.415 Continuous 42 1.934

79. Effect of light on carcass condemnation

80. Chick weight (g) Live weight Kg 30.2 2.42 33.3 2.46 36.3 2.5 39.3 2.54 42.3 2.58

81. Chick weight and obtained weight ratio

82. Chick weight (g m ) FCR 30 2.08 33 2.06 36 2.04 39 2.02 42 2

83. Chick weight and fcr

84. Feed restriction in broiler Normal feeding time 1 hour light and 3 hours darkness Advantages Improves FCR Feed efficiency Cut down feed cost Decrease in Ascites cases Abdominal fat Mortality due to sudden death syndrome Mortality due to hydro pericardium

85. Feed restriction in broiler Disadvantages Suppress systematic immune system Required more feeders Initial cost increased

86. Birds response to feed restriction depends on These include, Nature of restriction Severity Duration of feed restriction Pattern of re-feeding stage of growth during restriction sex of birds Genotype of birds

87. Methods of feed restriction Intermittent feeding skip-a-day feeding Appetite suppression with glycolic acid Time of restriction to access the feed Quantitative feed restriction Qualitative feed restriction

88. titter 1. Number of virus particles either living or dead in ml of the product. 2. Number of times the original virus can be diluted and still infect 50% of chicken

89. Maternal immunity and Antibody titer Function of Maternal immunity is to prevent pathogenic organisms from producing disease in chicks in early age when no developed immune system Chicken without maternal antibody can easily invaded. Half of the paternal antibody lost in 3 days after hatching. Remaining ends up to end of 2 nd week . Paternal immunity depends upon the time the breeder is vaccinated before production

90. Weeks Average feed intake (g) 1 25 2 50 3 75 4 110 5 150 6 175

91. Starter diet specifications of different companies Hubbard Ross Cobb CP(%) 22.0 22.0 21.5 ME(Kcal/Kg) 3000 3040 3023 Ca(%) 0.95 1.0 0.90 Av P(%) 0.44 0.50 0.45 Methionine (%) 0.50 0.53 0.56 Lysine(%) 1.25 1.35 1.33

92. Grower diet specifications of different companies Hubbard Ross Cobb CP(%) 20.0 20.0 19.5 ME(Kcal/Kg) 3080 3140 3166 Ca(%) 0.90 0.90 0.88 Av P(%) 0.40 0.45 0.42 Methionine (%) 0.45 0.46 0.53 Lysine(%) 1.15 1.18 1.25

93. Finisher diet specifications of different companies Hubbard Ross Cobb CP(%) 19.0 18.0 18.0 ME(Kcal/Kg) 3150 3200 3202 Ca(%) 0.87 0.85 0.84 Av P(%) 0.37 0.42 0.40 Methionine (%) 0.42 0.43 0.48 Lysine(%) 1.05 1.09 1.10

94. Water intake at different temepratures Weeks Feed intake (g) Water intake at 60 o F (ml) Water intake at 100 o F (ml) 1 25 25 30 2 50 55 165 3 75 75 360 4 110 100 465 5 150 130 555 6 175 160 615