Bsn HERBAL MEDICATION PREPARATION-KAT.pptx

Herbal

1. Medical plants abound in nature. Since most of them are available and easily accessible, these medicines are more affordable compared to synthetic drugs. Herbal medicine refers to the use of plant-derived substances, including raw or processed parts of plants, for therapeutic purposes to promote health and treat various medical conditions.

2. Herbal medicines are those with active ingredients made from plant parts, such as leaves, roots or flowers. But being "natural" doesn't necessarily mean they're safe for you to take. Just like conventional medicines, herbal medicines will have an effect on the body, and can be potentially harmful if not used correctly.

3. As part of PHC and because of the increasing cost of drugs, the use of locally available medicinal plants has been advocated by the DOH. Many plants and herbs in the Philippine backyard and field are effective in the treatment of common ailments as attested to by the National Science Development Board, and other government and private agencies/persons engaged in research.

4. Republic Act 8423 (R.A. 8423) There are Ten medicinal plants have been endorsed by the DOH-PITAHC ( Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care) , after they have been scientifically validated to ensure safety and efficacy.

5. Lagundi ( Vitex negundo ) Kamalan (Tag.) Tugas ( Ceb ) 5 leaves chaste tree (Eng.) Among the medicinal uses and benefits of lagundi are to stop coughing, relieve asthma, facilitate the discharge of phlegm, and lower fever due to colds or flu. It is also a pain reliever for headaches and toothache A shrub growing wild in vacant lots & wasteland. Matured branches are planted. The flowers are blue & bell-shaped. The small fruits turned black when ripe. It’s better to collect the leaves when are in bloom. DOSAGES: Dried Fresh Adults 4 tbsp 6 tbsp 7-12 y.o . 2 tbsp 3 tbsp 2-6 y.o . 1 tbsp 11/2 tbsp

6. Uses & Preparation : Asthma, Cough & Fever  – Decoction ( Boil raw fruits or leaves in 2 glasses of water for 15 minutes) Dysentery, Colds & Pain – Decoction ( Boil a handful of leaves & flowers in water to produce a glass, three times a day) Skin diseases (dermatitis, scabies, ulcer, eczema)  -Wash & clean the skin/wound with the decoction Headache  – Crush leaves may be applied to the forehead Rheumatism, sprain, contusions, insect bites  – Pound the leaves and apply on the affected area Aromatic bath for sick patients Prepare a leaf decoction for use in sick and newly delivered patients.

7. Yierba ( Hierba ) Buena ( Mentha cordifelia ) Herba buena (most dialects) Hilbas (Davao, Leyte) Peppermint mint (English) A small multi-branching aromatic herb. The leaves are small, elliptical & with a toothed margin. The stem creeps to the ground, & develops roots. May also be propagated through cuttings. Relieve arthritis pain with Yerba Buena’s anti-inflammatory properties

8. Uses & Preparation: Pain (headache, stomachache)  – Boil chopped leaves in 2 glasses of water for 15 minutes. Divide decoction into 2 parts, and drink one part every 3 hours. Rheumatism, arthritis and headache  – Crush the fresh leaves and squeeze sap. Massage sap on painful parts with eucalyptus Cough & Cold  – Soak 10 fresh leaves in a glass of hot water, and drink as tea. (expectorant) Swollen gums  – Steep 6 g. of fresh plant in a glass of boiling water for 30 minutes. Use as a gargle solution

9. Toothache  – Cut fresh plant and squeeze sap. Soak a piece of cotton in the sap and insert this in aching tooth cavity Menstrual & gas pain  – Soak a handful of leaves in a glass of boiling water. Drink infusion. Nausea & Fainting  – Crush leaves and apply at the nostrils of patients Insect bites  – Crush leaves and apply the juice on affected area or pound leaves until like a paste, rub on affected area Pruritis  – Boil plant alone or with eucalyptus in water. Use decoction as a wash on affected area.

10. Sambong ( Blumea balsamifera L. ) Sambong is a medicinal herb that is well-known in the Philippines for its useful traits in treating kidney stones, wounds, and cuts as well in healing rheumatism, colds, coughs, and acts as an anti-diarrhea and anti-spasmodic. Alibhon (Visayas) Haliban /Camphor (English) A plant that reaches 1 ½ to 3 meters in height with rough hairy leaves. Young plants around the mother plant may be separated when they have three or more leaves.

11. Uses & Preparation: Anti-edema, diuretic, anti-urolithiasis  – Boil chopped leaves in a glass of water for 15 minutes until one glassful remains. Divide decoction into 3 parts, and drink one part 3 times a day. Diarrhea  – Chopped leaves and boil in a glass of water for 15 minutes. Drink one part every 3 hours. DOSAGES: Dried Fresh Adults 4 tbsp 6 tbsp 7-12 y.o . ½ tbsp of adult dose Divide decoction into 3 parts. Drink 1 part 3x a day. Note: Sambong is not a medicine for kidney infection .

12. Tsaang Gubat ( Carmona retusa ) Tsaang-gubat is a Philippine herbal plant that may be utilized to treat diarrhea or LBM (loose bowel movement) Tsa (Tagalog) Alibungog ( Visaya ) A shrub with small, shiny nice-looking leaves that grows in wild uncultivated areas & forests. Mature stems are used for planting.

13. Uses & Preparation: Diarrhea  – Chopped leaves and boil in a glass of water for 15 minutes. Drink one part every 3 hours. DOSAGES: Dried Fresh Adult 10 tbsp 12 tbsp 7-12 y.o . 5 tbsp 6 tbsp 2-6 y.o . 2 ½ tbsp 3 tbsp Divide decoction into 4 parts. Let client drink 1 part every 3 hours. Anti-edema, diuretic, anti-urolithiasis  – Boil chopped leaves in a glass of water for 15 minutes until one glassful remains. Divide decoction into 3 parts, drink one part 3 times a day. DOSAGE: Dried Fresh Adult 2 tbsp 3 tbsp 7-12 y.o . 1 tbsp ½ tbsp

14. Niyug Niyogan ( Quisqualis indica L.) This plant may also aid in expelling intestinal parasites and worms. Balitadham , Pnones , Pinio , Bonor (Bisaya) Burma Creeper, Chinese Honeysuckle (Eng) A vine which bears tiny fruit & grows wild in backyards. The seeds must come from mature, dried but newly opened fruits. They propagated through stem cuttings about 20 cm in height.

15. An Anti- helmintic Use to expel roundworms ascariasis. The seeds are taken 2 hours after supper. If no worms are expelled, the dose may be repeated after one week. DOSAGES: Adult 10 seeds 7-12 y.o . 6-7 seeds 6-8 y.o . 5-6 seeds 4-5 y.o . 4-5 seeds Caution: Not given to children below 4 years old.

16. Bayabas /Guava ( Psidium guajava L. ) Known for their antiseptic properties, bayabas leaves have been used since time immemorial to treat wounds and cure bacterial infections. A tree about 4-5 meters high with tiny white flowers and round or oval fruits eaten raw and propagated through seeds.

17. Uses & Preparation: For washing wounds  – Maybe use twice a day Diarrhea  – May be taken 3-4 times a day As gargle and for toothache – Warm decoction is used for gargle. Freshly pounded leaves are used for toothache. Boil chopped leaves for 15 minutes at low fire. Do not cover and then let it cool and strain

18. Akapulko ( Cassia alata L .) Its leaves have been traditionally used to treat fungal skin infections such as ringworms, scabies, and eczema. Sonting (Tagalog) Bayabas-bayabasan (Bisaya) Ringworm bush or shrub (English)

19. Uses & Preparation: Anti-fungal (tinea flava, ringworm, athlete’s foot, and scabies)  – Fresh, matured leaves are pounded. Apply soap to the affected area 1-2 times a day

20. Ulasimang Bato ( Peperonica pellucida ) Conjunct treatment for arthritic pain, thanks to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic characteristics. This herbal plant from the Philippines is also able to keep uric acid in balance, thus lowering the chances of gout development. Pansit-pansitan (Tagalog) A weed, with heart-shaped leaves that grow in shady parts of the garden & yard.

21. Uses & Preparation: Lowers uric acid (rheumatism and gout)   PREPARATION: Wash the leaves well. 1 ½ cup leaves are boiled in 2 glassfuls of water over a low fire. Do not cover the pot. Cool & strain. Divide into 3 parts & drink each part 3x a day. May also be eaten as salad. Wash the leaves well. Prepare 1 ½ cups of leaves (not closely packed). Divide into 3 parts & take as salad 3x a day.

22. Bawang /Garlic ( Allium Sativum ) Ajos (Spanish, Bisaya) Garlic (English) Garlic inhibits and destroys bacteria, fungus, and parasites, as well as lowers blood pressure, cholesterol, and sugar levels, preventing blood clotting and protecting the liver Uses & Preparation: Hypertension  – Maybe fried, roasted, soaked in vinegar for 30 minutes, or blanched in boiled water for 15 minutes. Take 2 pieces 3 times a day after meals. Toothache  – Pound a small piece and apply to the affected area CAUTION: Take on a full stomach to prevent stomach & intestinal ulcers.

23. Ampalaya ( Mamordica charantia L. ) Ampalaya or bitter gourd is a widely used herbal remedy to lower the blood sugar levels for diabetic patients. Amargoso (Spanish) Balsam apple; Balsam pear, bitter gourd (Eng) Uses & Preparation: Diabetes Mellitus (Mild non-insulin dependent)  – Chopped leaves then boil in a glass of water for 15 minutes. Do not cover. Cool and strain. Take 1/3 cup 3 times a day after meals NOTE : Young leaves may be blanched/steamed & eaten ½ glassful 2 x a day.

24. Reminders on the Use of Herbal Medicine Avoid the use of insecticide as these may leave poison on plants. In the preparation of herbal medicine, use a clay pot and remove cover while boiling at low heat. Use only part of the plant being advocated . Follow accurate dose of suggested preparation. Use only one kind of herbal plant for each type of symptoms or sickness. Stop giving the herbal medication in case untoward reaction such as allergy occurs . If signs and symptoms are not relieved after 2 to 3 doses of herbal medication, consult a doctor.