Business studies class 12 notes - what are the types of plans

In this article, we will discuss Business studies class 12 notes on What are the types of plans Objective are the goals, aims, or purpose that. The plan is a document that is outlined to meet the objective. The number of plans is prepared for different organizational goals. Various derivative plans are made which are all bound together under the single plan.

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June 18, 2018
Business Studies class 12 Notes on What are the types
of plans ?
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Business studies class 12 notes on What are the types of plans ?
In this article, we cover Business Studies Class 12 notes on the types of plans based on
CBSE Business Studies Class 12 that is easy to understand and help you to score
extraordinary marks in your Business Studies Class 12 examinations.
Plan
To achieve the specific results, a particular course of action is prepared to meet the
commitments. The plan is a document that is outlined to meet the objective. The number of
plans is prepared for different organizational goals. Various derivative plans are made which
are all bound together under the single plan.
For example- To start a new factory, you need to prepare the different plan for the different
task.
Plans are classified into two categories
Standing Plan/ Repeat use plans
These plans are made for long-term use. These plans are made for the actions that are
recurring in nature. It is a kind of guideline of actions that need to be followed from time to
time. These plans include objective, policies, procedures, methods, strategies, and rules.
The plans are used over and over again and can be altered with organizational need.
For example- business plan

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Features of the standing plan
Recurring in nature
Long-term goals
Informed decisions
Developed once can be modified later
Based on main organization objective
Single-use Plan
These plans are for single use and cannot be used again. These plans are made to achieve
a particular goal. They are specially designed to deal with the special situations and to meet
the short-term challenges. These plans include budget and program.
For example- an outline of the advertisement campaign
Features
Short-term goal
Non-recurring in nature
Based on standing plans for the organization
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Types of Plan

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1 Objective
The base of planning is objective which represents end towards which all the organizational
activities are directed.
“Objective are the goals, aims, or purpose that organizations wish to achieve over varying
periods of time” Mc Farland
Example- to increase sales revenue by 10%
Features
Measurable in nature.
It can be for the long term or short term.
It can be single or multiple.
It must be achievable or feasible.
Result oriented
Clear and specific
All the activities are guided towards the objective.
2 Strategy
Originally strategy was used in a military action plan. Now strategies are used in business
plans. It is an imperative and comprehensive plan designed to achieve the organizational
objective.
“ The determination of basic long-term goals and objectives of an enterprise and the
adoption of the course of action and the allocation of resources necessary to carry out these
goals” Chandler
Example- techniques for sale promotion
Features
To determine long-term objective.
It is designed to achieve the specific objective.

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It is consistent and directs future goals.
3 Policies
Policies are designed for all levels of management. It is made under limited guidelines for
unified performance
“A policy is verbal, written, or implied, overall guide setting up boundaries that supply general
limits and direction in which managerial action takes place” Terry
Example – no credit sale of a product X
Features
Design to implement the strategy
Instructions and guidelines to be followed.
Based on objective
4 Procedures
It is a sequence of steps that need to be followed by management for achieving future goals.
They specify the series of activities that need to be performed to accomplish a particular
goal.
“Procedure prescribes the manner or methods through which work is to be performed.” Allen
Example- the procedure to be followed for school admission.
Features
Series of the task to carry different activities of a department.
Goal oriented
Chronological order.
5 Rules
Rules are special actions need to be followed strictly by the management.
“A rule requires that a specific and definite action with respect to a situation”
Koontz O Donnell
Example- no smoking in premises

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Features
Specific in nature
Involve punishment for non -compliance.
Code of conduct
Rigid and compulsive
6 Programmes
It is the combination of Goals, Policies, Procedures, and rules to achieve the special
objective.
“Programme is a mixture of procedures, policies, rules, assigned works and elements
necessary for operating the group of activities smoothly” Koontz O Donnell
Example- development of a product
Features
Enhances systematic working.
Designed for the definite objective.
Design for effective use of resources
7 Budget
It is the monetary expression for the business plan that needs to be followed in future. with
the help of budget, the cost is controlled.
“A budget is a financial statement and quantitative statement prepared prior to a defined
period of time, of the policy to be pursued during that period for the purpose of attaining a
given objective.” Institute of Cost and work accountants, London
Feature
Monitor the cost and expenditure.
Based on past figures and future possibilities.
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