C&D waste management and onsite Dust Mitigation .pptx

Construction and demolition waste management during these modern days when this a big task for having good alternate to use material in vast construction industry try to reduce overburden of wate of construction material which allso harmful for health and itself a obstruction for construction site which may cause accident and in this world of time management we have special for value timely project so let us take a move to make a healthier environment by waste management

1. C & D waste management and Onsite dust mitigation

2. Guidelines on Reuse & Recycling of Construction & Demolition Waste

3. Reusing of construction and Demolition waste is different from Recycling. It does not require any further processing to convert into a useful product. The items which are usable directly are screened out from the debris and put into the intended use without further processing or the application of any further energy for conversion into the useful product. Thus reusing a waste item is a better service to the environment and the environment is saved from further impacts due to recycling activities. For example, full bricks can be screened out of the demolition debris and used as it is for building a partition wall. Otherwise same would have been converted into smaller pieces for using it as an aggregate or brick bats for plinth protection etc. Once the waste generated from Construction and demolition waste has been segregated and reusable items are taken out, the leftover waste is now available for recycling. Recycling of this waste into useful products to extend the service to environment is a challenge.

4. During and after the demolition of any concrete structure, the demolished concrete waste is taken to a recycling plant and there crushed into the required sizes which is called the Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). use of recycled aggregates can be there with different value of their share by suitable replacing the component of naturally occurring aggregates. It will help out not only in meeting the situation where there is acute shortage of natural resources, but also a step towards the sustainability.

5. Construction debris consisting of bricks can be recycled into brick aggregate through screening, crushing, re-screening and blending, which can then be used as pavement base material by proper mix proportions with cement and fly ash. Brick waste which are not suitable for recycling into the pavement base materials can be used in construction/land fill. Concrete prepared from crushed brick aggregate has good engineering and also better thermal properties but has greater shrinkage than ordinary concrete. Sometimes, during the manufacturing of bricks, due inadequate burning, or sometimes due to over burning, whole lot is turned into the production waste. Though this waste is different from construction and demolition waste, but it can also be recycled like C& D waste and can be suitable used for production of precast elements like paver blocks, kerb stones, interlocking tiles by mixing with cement and using as a concrete mix.

6. Timber products have a quality of a long service life which is much longer than the life of the building itself. Hence, in general such products unless eaten by the termites or damaged due to fire do not lose the Engineering properties for a long time and can be used multiple times and thus an environmentally friendly product ..

7. Amongst the metals, steel and Aluminium are the two major products obtained as waste during the construction as well during the demolition of a building. Structural steel obtained during the demolition of a steel structure or left over steel during the construction can be reused directly without much processing. The members can be resized as op the requirement and can be reused directly. Aluminum scrap can be put into reuse by the solid bonding process. If a care is taken in initial stages i.e. during designing with a valid deconstruction plan, then the reusable scrap can be increased to a much greater extent like house hold appliances, without taking the routing the scrap through a foundry. Reusing a steel beam its existing form is better than re-melting it and rolling a new steel beam, i.e. the energy used to re-melt the beam is saved.

8. Steel generates almost nil wastage on the construction site. Waste steel which is reusable is equally good in durability criteria and the quality is also well maintained while making products like fire hydrants, steel furniture and also ecologically sustainable. As far as Aluminium is concerned, it is recyclable multiple times and is always on demand with the need to preserve the environment. Recycling scrap aluminium requires very less energy in comparison to the energy requirement of new aluminium . Because aluminum is infinitely recyclable, it can be reused in applications vastly different from its previous purpose, and it can also be recast into its original form. These properties make aluminum an ideal material for use in premium applications, even after being recycled many times.

9. Scrap or waste plastic recovered from demolition or construction site is reprocessed and transformed into the entirely different useful products. When compared to other materials like glass and metals, plastic polymers require greater processing to be recycled. The most-often recycled plastic HDPE (high-density polyethylene) is reduced to plastic lumber, tables, roadside curbs, benches, truck cargo liners, stationery (e.g. rulers) and other durable plastic products and is usually in demand. Other application of recycled plastic is in the preparation of a road surface that includes recycled plastic aggregate, bitumen (asphalt) with plastic that has been shredded and melted at a temperature below 220° C (428 °F) to avoid pollution. Such road surfaces are very durable and monsoon rain resistant.

10. All C&D waste information by contractor and by those involved in its treatment waste treatment companies are to be put on public domain in order to improve the rate of use of demolished concrete for e.g. application of recycled aggregates. Further to have a stronger data base of C&D waste, users reusing the C&D waste or recycled waste after treatment and processing can contribute a lot. This will help in substantial reduction on the amount of wastes and promotion of recycling or reusing the C&D waste. Demolition Plan It is required to adopt a systematic approach while demolishing a building in order to minimise the waste and its best use. A recommended approach can be to follow a sequence of segregation of household waste as first step followed by mechanical and electrical equipment, exterior and interior finishing materials, roof finishing and water-proofing materials, then structure as a last resort. Demolished C&D wastes need to be brought out of field immediately or temporarily stored in a designated area for the C&D wastes

11. DUST

12. DUST – environmental pollutant generated during handling of Construction material and C&D wastes. The concerns of controlling dust / fine particles generated during handling of Construction material and C&D wastes on site include: a. Dust emissions are an environmental nuisance both on-site and off-site. b. Dust during handling ( loading / unloading) release a wide range of particle sizes and material types that can cause serious health problems ranging from eye irritation, nose, mouth to affecting the respiratory system. c. The larger heavier particles settle out of the air quickly and are hazard to the operators of plant and equipment (on-site) and to those in the immediate vicinity (off-site). The finer particles (usually invisible) are transported further can cause health hazards (off-site).

13. Sprinkling of water / fine spray from nozzles to suppress dust re-suspension at site. 2. C&D wastes or construction material whether stored or transported (Lorries / tractors) to be preferably covered depending on the dust that is generated. 3. Areas where loading / unloading (fugitive dust) activities to be demarcated and located such that dust dispersal is minimized.

14. 4. Operations of equipment / machineries include transporting (conveyor belt) crushing / hammering etc deployed at site generate dust - these areas need to be bounded (enclosed) and use of water sprinklers suppress dust emissions. 5. Gensets (DG sets) be well maintained to ensure low emissions. 6. The transport vehicles engaged be well maintained (PUC compliance).

15. 7. Routes of transport vehicles within construction site be damped by water (preferably treated waste water) sprinklers. 8. Dry sweeping of work areas to be prohibited. 9. For construction activities simultaneous development of green buffer would assist in arresting dispersal of dust (preferably shrubs & trees that have low uptake of water). 10. Workers to be provided necessary safety equipment - Workers at construction / demolition, Loading / uploading activities are provided with face mask to prevent inhalation of fine dust. 11. All builders / contractors engaged in construction & demolition activities to submit an undertaking to the concerned government department on measures adopted to control dust.

16. 12. Use of covering sheets ( plastic, tarpaulin etc ) on: a. Construction material heaps that are easily air borne b. C&D debris that are dumped at temporary storage sites c. Adequate covering on construction works, particularly side facing residential areas 13. Use of water sprinklers is commonly recommended as a dust mitigation measure, however there water is a precious commodity and its use needs to be rationalized. It is thereby important to adopt alternate measures that are effective ex location of loading / unloading sites, build higher barricades to arrest dust generated at ground levels and adopt covering (jute, plastic, tarpaulin etc ) of construction material / wastes. 14. Sale of construction material from road-sides to be prohibited.

17. 15. Dumping (unloading) and storage of construction material for use in on-going projects on public road-sides is prohibited. 16. Dumping (unloading) and disposal of C&D wastes on non-designated sites (ex road-sides, vacant plots, water bodies, drains etc.) be prohibited. 17. Demand for construction material at site to synchronizes with its utilization, so that the storage period of un-used construction is minimal thereby reducing dust dispersal. 18. Construction projects to be encouraged to utilize products manufactured from C&D waste processing – this step improves organized collection of C&D wastes, stops indiscriminate dumping of C&D wastes thereby reducing dust load escaping into the atmosphere during dry weather.

18. 19. Inclusion of condition(s) by concerned agencies for adoption of dust mitigation measures in approvals / permits / consent provisions / environmental clearances for construction projects. 20. There is a need to highlight the environmental concerns & disseminate information on the matter.

19. All contractors associated in construction works and C&D waste handling need to display a board at the site indicating dust control measures being adopted, a sample display is given below for guidance: a. Dust affects health cause problems ranging from eye, nose and throat irritation besides the respiratory system b. This project site adopts dust reduction measures c. All light (potential to be wind blown) construction material is covered or put in sealed bags. d. Loading / unloading areas are barricaded e . Water sprinkling for dust reduction is being practiced f. Adequate covering material shall be used to reduce dust generation. g . Workers health & safety is our concern h. Staff at site have been apprised of CPCB’s Guidelines on DUST reduction w.r.t . handling of C&D wastes & construction material

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