C24 P03 QUANTITATIVE MANAGEMENT METHODS.ppt

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1. HEALTH MANAGEMENT
by
VENKATESH.T

2. MANAGEMENT
The purposeful and effective use of
resources –manpower, material and
finances for fulfilling a predetermined
objective.

3. METHODS
There are two methods of management.
1.Methods based on behavioral sciences.
a. Organizational design.
b. Personnel management.
c. Communication.
d. Information systems.
e. Management by objectives.
2.Quantitative methods

4. QUANTITATIVE METHODS
1.COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS.
2.COST-EFFECTIVE ANALYSIS.
3.COST-ACCOUNTING.
4.INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS.
5.MODEL.
6.SYSTEMS ANALYSIS.
7.NETWORK ANALYSIS.
8.PLANNING-PROGRAMMING -BUDGETING SYSTEM
(PPBS).
9.WORK SAMPLING.
10.DECISION MAKING.

5. COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS
The economic benefits of any program are
compared with cost of that program.
The benefits are expressed in monetary
terms like births or deaths prevented, or
illness avoided or overcome.
Drawback: Benefits in the health field, as a
result of a particular programme cannot
be always expressed in monetary terms.

6. COST-EFFECTIVE ANALYSIS
Its similar to cost-benefit analysis.
Here the benefit, instead of being
expressed in monetary terms is expressed
in the terms of results achieved, e.g.:
number of lives saved or number of days
free from disease.

7. COST-ACCOUNTING
It provides basic data on cost structure of
any programme.
Purposes:
a. cost-control
b. planning and allocation of people and
financial resources.
c. pricing of cost reimbursement.

8. INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS
Input: All health service activities that
consume resources.
Output: useful outcomes such as lives
saved, cases treated etc.

9. MODEL
Basic concept of managing science.
Helps to understand how the factors in a
situation affect one another.

10. SYSTEMS ANALYSIS
Helps decision maker to choose an
appropriate course of action.
Helps in finding the most cost-effective
alternative.
E.g.: hospital system, an outpatient clinic.

11. NETWORK ANALYSIS
A graphic plan of all events and activities
to be completed in an order to reach the
objective.
Two types:
a. PERT (Programme Evaluation and
Review Technique).
b. CPM (Critical Path Method).

12. PERT
Programme Evaluation and Review Technique
A management technique which makes possible more
detailed planning and more comprehensive supervision.
Done by constructing an arrow diagram.
It helps
a. to find the time by which each activity must
be completed.
b. to identify which activities are critical.
c. planning, scheduling, monitoring the
project.
it allows communication between various levels of
management.

13. Network analysis
Plan service
Staff
Required
Equipment
Ordered
Staff
trained
Equipment
installed
start
providing
service

14. CPM
critical path method
The longest path of the network is called
the “critical path”
If any activity along this path is delayed,
the entire project will be delayed.

15. PLANNING-PROGRAMMING -
BUDGETING SYSTEM(PPBS)
A system to help the decision makers to
allocate the resources so that available
resources are used in most effective way.
Grouping of activities into programmes
related to each objective.

16. WORK SAMPLING
Observation and recording of activities of
one or more individuals, carried out at
predetermined or random intervals.
Major parameters are types of activities
performed and the time required for the
duties.

17. DECISION MAKING
Basic discipline in management.
Shouldn’t be done with incomplete data.

18. REFERENCES
PARK’ s textbook of preventive and social
medicine.
GOOGLE search.

19. THANK YOU