Cancer

om verma
lecturer in medical surgical

1. CANCER Om verma Lecturer in medical surgical

2. INTRODUCTION a malignant tumor of potentially unlimited growth that expands locally by invasion and metastasis

3. DEFINITION

4. TYPES OF TUMORS

5. TYPES OF CANCER • lung cancer • Breast cancer • Colon and rectal cancer • Endometrial cancer • Pancreatic cancer • Kidney cancer • Prostrate cancer • Thyroid cancer • leukemia

6. ETIOLOGY

7. INFECTION: HIV VIRUS INFECTION

8. CHEMICALS AND SMOKING

9. CON…… Environmental factors • Tobacco • Alcohol • Dietary Factors • Occupational exposures • Viruses • Parasites • Customs ,habits, Lifestyles • Others – sunlight, pollution, drugs Genetic

10. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS • Early cancer no symptoms • Change in bowel habits or bladder functions • Sores that do not heal • Unusual bleeding or discharge • Lumps or thickening of breast or other parts of the body • Indigestion or difficulty swallowing • Recent change in wart or mole • Persistent coughing or hoarseness

11. Screening Self examinations Biopsy X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, PET scans, and ultrasound scans • Molecular diagnostic test DIAGNOSIS

12. • Surgery • Radiotherapy • Chemotherapy • Immunotherapy • Hormone therapy • Gene therapy • Cancer-specific immune system cells to treat cancer TREATMENT

13. VACCINATION Human papillomavirus vaccine and decreases the risk of developing cervical cancer. The hepatitis B vaccine prevents infection with hepatitis B virus and thus decreases the risk of liver cancer