CANDIDA ALBICANS ( Candidiasis )

Candida albicans is a fungal species responsible for the disease called Candidiasis. It is very common in female . It stayfor long time in the infected individual and is very difficult to eradicate it .

1. CANDIDA ALBICANs ( CANDIDIASIS ) Represented by WASIM AKRAM BSc Nursing ADWIKA INSTITUTE OF NURSING

2. INTRODUCTION CANDIDA ALBICANS IS A FUNGUS . IT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR CANDIDIASIS . CANDIDIASIS IS THE MOST COMMON FUNGAL DISEASE IN HUMAN . CANDIDIASIS IS ANY DISEASE CAUSED BY CANDIDA SPECIES. THERE ARE SO MANY CANDIDA’S SPECIES . CANDIDA ALBICANS : most common pathogenic candida . CANDIDA TROPICALIS CANDIDA GLABRATA CANDIDA PARAPSILOSIS CANDIDA DUBLINIEENSIS CANDIDA KEFYR CANDIDA GULLIERMANDII CANDIDA VISWANATHI

3. CANDIDIASIS CANDIDIASIS IS AN INFECTION OF SKIN MUCOSA AND INTERNAL ORGANS CAUSED BY YEAST LIKE FUNGUS CANDIDA ALBICANS AND OCCASIONALLY BY OTHER CANDIDA SPECIES . CANDIDA ALBICANS IS THE NORMAL INHABITANT OF AKIN , GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT , ORAL AND VAGINAL CAVITIES . WHEN AN INDIVIDUAL WILL BECOME LOWER IMMUNITY POWER , UNCONTROLLED DEBETES ; YEAST CELLS OR CANDIDA OVERGROWS AND LEADS TO VAGINAL INFECTIONS CALLED VALVOVAGINITIS .

4. CANDIDIASIS …… PATHOGEN : CANDIDA ALBICANS HOST : MAMMALIAN ( HUMAN ) MODE OF TRANSLATION : SPREAD BY ORAL-GENITAL ROUTE . FROM BABY TO BABY . FROM MOTHER TO BABY . DIRECT CONTACTS WITH SECRETION OR EXCRETIONS OF MOTH , SKIN . CLINICAL ASPECTS : CUTANEOUS LESIONS APPEAR ON THE SKIN .

5. CANDIDIASIS….. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS : ITCHING AND IRRITATION IN THE VAGINA AND VALVA . A BURNING SENSATION ESPECIALLY DURING INTERCOURSE OR WHILE URINATION . REDNESS AND SWELLING OF THE VALVA . VAGINAL PAIN AND SORENESS . VAGINAL RASH . WATERY VAGINAL DISCHARGE .

6. CANDIDIASIS….. RISK FOR – PREGNANCY USE OF CONTRACEPTIVES OR HORMONAL THERAPY . PROLONGED USE OF ANTIBIOTICS . DIABETES . LOW IMMUNITY SYSTEM . NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES AND INADEQUATE SLEED .

7. PATHOGENESIS CANDIDIASIS IS AN OPPORTUNISTIC ENDOGENOUS INFECTION . IT IS THE MOST COMMON VAGINAL INFECTIONS NEARLY 5 OUT OF 6 WOMEN FACE THIS INFECTION . THIS INFECTION IS KNOWN AS VAGINAL THRUSH OR VALVOVAGINITIS . PREDISPOSING FACTORS FOR CANDIDIASIS ARE– DIABETES , IMMUNODEFICIENCY , MALIGNANCY , PROLONGED ADMINISTRATION OF ANTIBIOTICS , PATIENTS ON IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE DRUGS AND INTRAVENOUS CATHETERS . LESIONS CAUSED BY CANDIDA ARE AS FOLLOWS : a) MUCOCUTANEOUS LESIONS : ORAL THRUSH , VALVOVAGINITIS , BALANITIS , CONJUNCTIVITIS , KERATITIS .

8. PATHOGENESIS… b) SKIN AND NAIL INFECTIONS : SKIN – INFECTION OF AXILLA , GROIN , PERINEUM AND SUBMAMMARY FOLDS . NAILS – INFECTIONS OF FINGER WEBS , NAIL FOLDS AND NAIL. PARAMECIA AND ONYCHIA ARE SEEN IN THOSE PERSONS WHO FREQUENTLY IMMERSE THEIR HANDS IN WATER . c) SYSTEMIC CANDIDIASIS : URINARY TRACT INFECTION , INTESTINAL CANDIDIASIS , PULMONARY CANDIDIASIS , ENDOCARDITIS , MENINGITIS AND SEPTICEMIA .

9. DIAGNOSIS GERM TUBE TEST SWAB TEST GRAM’S STAINING CULTURE – SDA SEROLOGICAL TESTS : ELISA – ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY . RIA – RDIOIMMUNOASSAY .

10. TREATMENT VAGINAL THERAPY OINMENTS AND CREAMS : BUTACONAZOLE CLOTRIMAZOLE MICRONAZOLE TERCONAZOLE ORALLY : FLUCONAZOLE CAN BE HELPFULL.