canine castration Feline Castration Testicular Tumors Transmissible Venereal Cell Tumors.pptx

Canine Castration
Feline Castration
Testicular Tumors
Transmissible Venereal Cell Tumors

Dr.Aman Ullah Zubair
[DVM][RVMP]
Transmissible Venereal Cell Tumor(TVT).
Contagious, spread by sexual contact by cell transplantation or licking; are wart like, friable and bleed easily.
Serosanguineous, hemorrhagic or purulent preputial discharge, inability or unwillingness to mate and / or pain. Some animals may present with phimosis or paraphimosis, dysuria, anuria. Some animals may be asymptomatic.
Medical Management: Vincristine (0.025mg/kg); up to 1mg i/v weekly for 3-6 weeks and radiation therapy.
Surgical Management: Excision of the masses along with medical treatment.
Testicular Tumors

1. Reproductive & Genital System-4 Canine Castration Feline Castration Testicular Tumors Transmissible Venereal Cell Tumors Dr.Aman Ullah Zubair [DVM][RVMP]

2. Canine Castration Approaches: Prescrotal (most common, easy) & Perineal Surgical Tech ( Prescrotal ): Control the animal in dorsal recumbency Push one testicle in the prescrotal area as far as possible Incise skin & S/C along median raphe over the displaced testicle, exteriorize it & incise the tunica vaginalis. Detach the tunica vaginalis where it attaches to the epididymis . Use 3-clamp tech, ligate the spermatic cord and remove the testicle. Check for bleeding and release the cord. Advance the second testicle to the same incision and remove it in similar fashion. Close s/c and skin.

3. Canine Castration

4. Feline Castration Pluck hair from scrotum & prepare the site Stabilize one testicle in the scrotal pouch; give a longitudinal skin incision over the testicle and exteriorize it Incise tunica vaginal Detach tunica vaginalis from tail of epididymis Separate vas deference from vascular portion Tie vas deference & vascular portion with each other (5-6 throws) or use figure of “8” knot to occlude the cord. Transect the cord distal to the knot, check for bleeding & replace it in the tunic Excise the second testicle in the similar fashion Allow the scrotal incisions to heal by second intention

5. Feline Castration Tying the vas deference & vascular portion of the Cord With each other

6. Figure of ‘8’ tech . Figure of ‘8’ tech.

7. Testicular Tumors Anatomocal Considerations: Sertoli cells: Involved in early spermatogenesis release of spermatozoa; most probable source of testicular estrogens (under FSH stimulation) Interstitial ( Leydig ) cells: Produce androgens [under LH (ICSH) stimulation] which are involved with spermatogenesis, secondary sex characters and changes associated with sexual maturity. Spermatogonia cells: that are transformed into spermatozoa (the process consists of mitotic & meiotic activity as well as maturation phase)

8. Testicular Tumors (cont) Sertoli cell tumors: More common in cryptorchids ; are firm, yellowish gray or cream colored & multi- lobulated . Produce excess estrogens and may cause squamous metaplasia of prostates, feminization and/or myelotoxicity . Signs of hyperestrogenism especially with large tumors (alopecia, hyperpigmentation of skin, gynecomastia with formation of mammary secretions, enlargement of nipples, pendulous penile sheath & display of female behavior with attraction of male dogs). Metastatic rate: 10-20 %

9. Testicular Tumors (cont) Interstitial ( Leydig ) cell tumor : More common in scrotal testes; about 2cm in dia , yellowish brown, circumscribed, highly vascular with foci of hemorrhage or necrosis. Rarely exhibit malignant behavior (Benign). Produce excess testosterone (androgens) & may contribute to perianal adenomas, perineal hernia and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Seminomas ( spermatogonia ): Yellowish gray or cream colored, discrete when small, tend to have homogenous appearance on cut surface. Metastasis (5-10 %) Treatment: Castration, remove as much spermatic cord as possible. Scrotal ablation also recommended.

10. Transmissible Venereal Cell Tumor Contagious, spread by sexual contact by cell transplantation or licking; are wart like, friable and bleed easily. Serosanguineous , hemorrhagic or purulent preputial discharge, inability or unwillingness to mate and / or pain. Some animals may present with phimosis or paraphimosis , dysuria , anuria . Some animals may be asymptomatic. Medical Management: Vincristine (0.025mg/kg); up to 1mg i /v weekly for 3-6 weeks and radiation therapy. Surgical Management: Excision of the masses along with medical treatment.

11. Transmissible Venereal Cell Tumors