caput, cepahlhematoma & sah

1. 1 By: Ismah Haron C aput succedaneum C ephalhaematoma Subarachnoid hemorrhage

2. 2 http://vetsci.co.uk/2010/02/10/meninges-csf-venous-drainage/

3. 3 http://www.netterimages.com/image/57529.htm A B

4. 4 http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/980112-overview#aw2aab6b4 A B

5. 5 C A B

6. Caput succedaneum 6 Bruising and oedema of presenting part extending beyond the margin of the skull bone [1] Prolonged delivery, ventouse delivery [2] Pressure from uterus and vaginal wall during vaginal delivery [3] Detected on ultrasound/vaginal examination [3] Resolves in few days [1][2][3] Usually no complication [2][3] http://www.netterimages.com/image/57529.htm

7. 7 http://www.humpath.com/?caput-succedaneum&id_document=16658 Caput succedaneum

8. cephalhaematoma 8 Bleeding below periosteum , confined within margins of the skull suture [1] More common while using metal cup [2 ] Resolved in 4 to 6 weeks [2] http://www.netterimages.com/image/57529.htm

9. 9 Complications include A nemia , jaundice (1-16 %) [ 2] Calcified (hard around the edge, soft at the center): will resolved [4 ] Hypotension, focus of infection; meningitis, osteomyelitis [4] Occasionally associated by linear skull fracture ( 5-20% ) [4] Linear right parietal skull fracture http://www.medandlife.ro/medandlife602.html

10. Bleeding beneath periosteum Within margin of skull suture Precipitating cause is similar in caput, but may be in more severe condition Resolved in 4-6 weeks Usually no complication, but have serious complication as mention previously Bruising and edema beneath scalp B eyond margin of skull bone Prolonged delivery, ventouse delivery Resolved in few days Usually no complication Caput succedaneum Cephalhematoma 10

11. 11 http://www.netterimages.com/image/57529.htm A B

12. 12 http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/980112-overview#aw2aab6b4 A B

13. 13 http ://mediphotos.blogspot.com/2012/01/illustrated-cephalohematoma-vs-caput.html C A B Cephalhaematoma Cephalhaematoma Caput succedaneum http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGallery/Caput3.html T. Lissauer , G. Clayden . Illustrated Textbook of Pediatrics 3 rd edition.

14. Subarachnoid hemorrhage 14 Prolonged labour, forceps or ventouse delivery [5] Pressures exerted on the neonate’s head during labour ± hematologic disorders [5]   Features [5] : Apnoea, seizures, lethargy Vital signs, bulging fontanelle, HC increase rapidly, lack symmetric movement Cranial ultrasound, CT scan, FBC, clotting studies etc. [5][6] http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain_spinal_cord_and_nerve_disorders/stroke_cva/hemorrhagic_stroke.html

15. 15 The prognosis is usually good [5][6] Large haemorrhages may associated with meningeal inflammation --> communicating hydrocephalus as the infant grows [5] Supportive management: P rovide adequate ventilation, keep the newborn's vital organs well perfused [6] Most of the time, not required surgery [6] http://neuropathology-web.org/chapter3/chapter3dGmh.html

16. Thank you References: T. Lissauer , G. Clayden . Illustrated Textbook of Pediatrics 3 rd edition. R. K. Creasy. Management of Labor and Delivery. Caput Succedaneum. A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopaedia. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002554 / Nirupama Laroia , MBBS, MD. Pediatric Cardiac Birth Trauma. http :// emedicine.medscape.com/article/980112-overview#aw2aab6b4 Gupta, S. N., Kechli , A. M., & Kanamalla , U. S. (2009). Intracranial hemorrhage in term newborns : management and outcomes.  Pediatric neurology ,  40 (1), 1-12. Birth Injuries. http ://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/perinatal_problems/birth_injuries.html 16