Cardiac murmur

Cardiac murmur

1. CARDIAC MURMUR By Dr. FazuluRahman soomro 2k17-AV-65

2. Cardiac murmur Murmur are abnormal heart sound produced by circulatory sequence through the valve or through the abnormal openings. When the normal luminal blood flow is converted into turbulent stream, there will be production of additional sounds which are audible as murmur.

3. Etiology Constriction in front of blood stream. Regurgitation of the blood stream. Increased viscosity of the blood flow. Roughening of the walls of the vessels. Falling of blood into a dilated chamber.

4. Types of murmur There are two types of cardiac murmur. Functional murmur. Organic murmur.

5. Functional murmur. Murmur produced within the heart without any structural alternations of the valves e.g. Severe enaemia . Organic murmur Murmur produced by structural alteration of the valve

6. Timing of murmur Systolic murmur (a) Early systolic murmur: Observed along the 1 st heart sound as found in mitral incompetence and tricuspid incompetence.

7. (b) Mid systolic murmur It is found in aortic stenosis and pulmonary stenosis . Audible after 1 st heart sound and before 2 nd heart sound. There is gap between 1 st and 2 nd murmur.

8. (c) Late systolic murmur Observed just before 2 nd heart sound. Seen in myocardial infarction.

9. Diastolic murmur (a) Early diastolic murmur. It begins with 2 nd heart sound or immediately after 2 nd heart sound.

10. (b) Mid diastolic murmur Murmur begins slightly after 2 nd murmur. There is gap between 2 nd heart sound and murmur.

11. (c) Late diastolic murmur It occurs just before the 1 st heart sound as in mitral stenosis .

12. Continuous murmur The murmur begins with systolic , continuous and overlap the 2 nd sound it contiuous in diastolic

13. Reference Textbook of clinical veterinary medicine by AMALENDU CHAKRABARTI

14. Thank you