Cardiopulmonary resuscitation according to respiratory emergencies

karthika9006 40 views 42 slides Jun 10, 2024
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About This Presentation

Respiratory emergency


Slide Content

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Respiratory emergency occurs when an individual is unable to
breathe or he is struggling to breathe. Whenever an respiratory
emergency occurs the individual face difficulty in breathing . It
may be due to the obstructions in the respiratory tract or
cardiovascular disorders or Pulmonary causes or anything which
leads an individual fell unconscious or even leads to death

• Respiratory emergency:-

A respiratory emergency is one in which normal
breathing stops or in which breathing is so reduced that
oxygen intake is insufficient to support life.
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ASPHYXIA

Definition
●The deficiency of O2 or excess of CO2 in blood that
result in consciousness and often results in death.

●It is caused by the interruption of breathing or
inadequate O2 supply

CAUSES
●Choking
●Foreign body
●Suffocation
●Toxic fumes
●CO poisoning
●Whooping cough
●Drowning
●Strangulation
●Diphtheria
●Asthma
●Heart failure
●Collapsed lung

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
●Breathing difficulty and rapid breathing
●Rapid and feeble pulse
●High BP
●Cyanosis
●Paralysis
●Loss of consciousness
●Death

FIRST AID AND NURSING IN ASPHYXIA
1.Remove the cause if possible
2.Make sure the air passage is not obstructed
3.Place victim on his back
4.Give artificial respiration and if necessary do external cardiac massage
5.Call for help
6.Continue artificial respiration until normal breathing is resumed
7.After breathing restored, keep the victim at rest
8.Promote emotional support and shift to hospital immediately

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●According to ANGELA MORROW RN
CPR is a procedure used when a
patient’s heart stops beating and breathing stops. It
can involve compressions of chest or electrical
shocks along with rescued brething
DEFINITION

CHAIN OF SURVIVAL

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●Cardiovascular disorders : CAD, congenital anomalies, cardiac
rupture etc
●Pulmonary causes : pulmonary embolism, asphyxia, pulmonary
edema etc
●Metabolic causes : Hypoglycemia, electrolyte imbalances etc
●Fluid imbalance : extensive hemorrhage, hypotension, shock etc
●Neurological causes : brain injuries, massive CVA etc
●Poisons substance and drug overdose : CO poisoning etc
●Other causes : electric shock, hypothermia, narcotic overdose etc

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●Spinal cord injury
●Rib fracture
●If CO poisoning don't give rescue breathing but can give chest
compression and airway

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●Ambu bag and mask with different sizes
● Oropharyngeal Airways
● Endotrachial tube of appropriate size and stillet
● Pediatric laryngioscope with straight and curved blade
● Suction Apparatus
●NG Tube
●IV equipments and fluids
●pulse oximetry
● oxygen sources
● automated external Defibrillator
●emergency drugs
●cardiac monitor

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If he responds

●Leave as you find him
●Find out what is wrong
●Reassess regularly


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- ���� 30:2
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●HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT
●JAW THRUST

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Fig.1 Fig. 2

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Cardiac arrest in babies occur from lack of O2
because of drowning or choking. If the reason is
airway obstruction, perform first-aid for choking, if
you don't know the reason perform CPR

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1. Examine the situation

2.stroke the baby and watch for response

3.Don't shake the baby

4. place baby on a flat surface

5. Check for pulse brachial pulse

6. if infant is Irresponsive, not breathing, Dot feeling pube coiediately

7. Give coropression - place 2 fingers in centre of chest just below the nipple line

8 Gently compess about 15 inches (40m) at rate of 30:2

9. Keep the neck in a neutral portion for airway clearence

10. Check for breathing

11. Give too rescue breaths - Cover baby's mouth and nose with your
mouth two breaths after every 30 compressions

12. Continue CPR until you see signs of life

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● Don't be panic

●Do not slap the victim.

●Remember that CPR is different for adults, children. and infants

●Wear gloves and use a breathing barrier if possible

●CPR Should not be interrupted more than 5 seconds

●Don’t worry about breaking ribs or sternum

●Avoid sudden and jerky movement

●Do not compress above the xiphoid process

●Do not move the casualty unless he is stable

3. ���� ������������� ����
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●���� 1: Kneel down and put the hand near to you into
position
●���� 2: Position and hold the hand furthest away from
you
●���� 3:Get everything ready and then roll
●���� 4: Stable position and Airways clear

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●Spontaneous and effective breathing is established
● Pulse Is Palpable
● Return to normal Heartbeat occurs
● Pupil appear normal and reactive light
● The casualty most limb and the colour of the skin
improve
● The casualty is transferred to the emergency Medical
Centre
● There is no response to CPR
● The rescuer is too exhausted to continue

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An AED (automated external defibrillator) is a safe reliable
computerized device that can analyse heart rhythms and provide a
life saving shock

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• Unresponsive

• Pulseless

• Non breathing patient

• Over 1 year old

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• Patient has a pulse

• Patient is breathing

• Patient is under 1 year

• Patient is on a metal surface or laying in water

Step 1: POWER ON the AED. The first step in operating an AED is
to turn the power on. ...
Step 2: Attach electrode pads. ...
Step 3: Analyze the rhythm. ...
Step 4: Clear the victim and press the SHOCK button.
Step 5:Clear the airway

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• CPR is a life saving technique that prevents cessation of blood flow
to vital organs dependent on oxygen supply for life support

• Survival rates and neurological outcomes are poor in patients with
cardiac arrest, though early appropriate resuscitation involving Basic
cardiovascular life support(BCLS) and Advanced cardiovascular life
support(ACLS )techniques leads to improved survival and better
outcome
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