Caryophyllaceae.pptx

Systemic of Ornamentals

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2. BANDA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, banda ( Department of floriculture & landscaping) TOPIC – CARYOPHYLLACEAE : FAMILY DESCRIPTION COURSE INSTRUCTOR :- DR. KAUSAL SINGH SIR PRESENTEDED BY :- NEETESH KUMAR ID. No. 2381 M.Sc. FLORICULTURE & LANDSCAPING

3. Caryophyllaceae (Pink family) 96 Genera, 2415 species

4. Major Genera - Silene (700 spp.) Dianthus (300spp.) Arenaria (200spp.) Gypsophilla (150spp.) Minuratia (150spp.) Cerastium (100spp.)

5. Family description - Annual or perennial herbs with swollen nodes , anthocyanins present . Leaves opposite , simple , bases of opposite leaves often connected , stipules absent or scarious ( Paronychia ) , secondary veins often obscure . Inflorescence typically a dichasial cyme , rarely solitary flowers . Flowers bisexual , rarely unisexual ( Lychnis alba ) , actinomorphic , hypogynous . Calyx with sepals , free ( Stellaria ) or connate ( Dianthus , Silene ) .

6. Corolla with 5 petals , usually differentiated into a distinct claw and a limb , with an appendaged joint between the two,often notched or deeply bilobed at tip. Androecium with 10 or lesser number of stamens , obdiplostemonous , free , anthers bithecous , dehiscence longitudinal , pollen grains tricolpate to polyporate . Gynoecium with 2-5 ( 2 Dianthus , 3 Silene , 4 Sagina , 3-5 Stellaria ) united carpels ( syncarpous ) , unilocular with many ovules , placentation free central , ovary superior , styles 2-5 .

7. Fruit a loculicidal capsule opening by valves or teeth , rarely a utricle ( Paronychia ) . Seeds many , ornamented on surface , embryo curved , endosperm absent , often replaced by perisperm . Floral Formula- Ebr , ⊕, ⚥, K (5), C 5, A 5+5, G (2) Example- Dianthus caryophyllus , Dianthus barbatus , Gypsophila paniculata .

8. Description :- Dianthus caryophyllus Linn. Habit – Annual Herbs . Stem - Herbacious with swollen nodes, Aerial, erect,cylindrical,solid,glaborus and green. Leaf - Cauline and ramal, Opposite decussate, Simple, Sessile, Leaf base sheathing, Linear- laneculate,Entire,Acute,Glabrous,Unicostate , Reticulate. Inflorescence – Axillary or terminal dichasial cyme with a long peduncle.

9. Flower – Ebracteate, Pedicelleate , Complete, Actinomorphic, Hermaphordite , Pentamerous, Hypogynous and cyclic. Epicalyx – 4, Present in two whorles of each 2, the outer whorl is anterio -posterior. Calyx – Sepals 5, Gamosepalous, Quincuncial,calyx tubular. Corolla – Petals 5, Polypetalous,Twisted,variously coloured,Corolla caryophyllaceous, each petal is Distinguished into a claw and a limb. Androecium – Stamens 10, present in two whorls of each 5, Polyandrous, Obdiplostemonous , dithecous dorsifixed and introse .

10. Gynoecium – Bicarpellary, Syncarpous, Ovary Superior, Unilocular, Pacentation , Free Central,Ovules many, styels 2, Coiled and feathery. Fruit – Capsule. Floral Formula - Ebr , ⊕ , ⚥, K (5), C 5, A 5+5, G (2). Floral Diagram – Dianthus caryophyllus

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