Case studies of pollution

I Will Present In My Class Seminar

1. WELCOME 1

2. By MUTHUKUMAR.m 2

3. Effluents Treatment at MRL, Chennai 3

4. MRL(Madras Refinery Limited) has taken steps in managing the effluents discharging efficiently. The MRL has two treatment plants designed to meet IS2490 quality control standards . New plant for treatment facilities consist of Cooling Water Treatment Treating sour and merox water Treating floor wash and stream water to remove oil. 4

5. Cont.… Contaminants from above treatment facilities Processes and utility stream oil & Grease Hydrogen sulphide Phenols Acids & Alkalis Strom and wash water stream Oil & Grease General purpose stream Waste water 5

6. Bold initiatives & water management taken by MRL MRL installed non-chromate type treatment to avoid chromium mixing with effluent. MRL also install tertiary treatment to treat secondary treated sewage of Madras water supply and Sewage board. 6

7. Taj Trapezium case 7

8. Taj Mahal The “Taj Mahal” is the “King of Emperor” amongst world wonder. It is one of the most priceless national monuments and also a glorious reputation to the men’s achievements in architecture and “Engineering”. 8

9. Cont .… The chemical industries and refinery at Mathura are source of damage “Taj Mahal”. SO 3 came from the industry react with moisture in atmosphere and form the “Acid Rain”. This will make corroding effect on clean white marble . 9

10. Cont.… The judgment vigorously applied the “precautionary principle” and in May 1999,the Central Government constituted the Taj Trapezium Pollution Authority. 10

11. Bhopal Gas Tragedy 11

12. Bhopal Gas Leakage The world’s worst industrial accident occurred in Bhopal city, M.P. on midnight of 3 Dec 1984. Who manufactures some carbonate pesticides, using Methyl isocyanate(MIC). The reactor exploded due to the failure of the cooling system 12

13. Effects lower amount of MIC it affects lungs, eyes and cause irritation on skin. Higher amount of MIC cause O 2 remove from lungs and cause death MIC spread over 40 sq.km area 5000 persons were killed 65000 people suffer from eye & reparatory disorder 1000 person became blind 13

14. Arsenic pollution in ground water 14

15. The excessive use of Lead & copper arsenate as pesticides cause the toxic heavy metal “Arsenic Pollution”. Effects The people were ingesting low does for 10-14 years were affect by white & black spots in skin called melanosis. Long exposure lead to bladder & lung cancer. Children are more badly affect by arsenicosis . 15

16. Soft drink bottling unit ( Coca - Cola ) 16

17. The coca-cola bottling unit inplachimada, Palakkad district, Kerala, discharged large amount of sludges. Analysis of sludges contains the toxic metals like “Cadmium & Lead”. It will pollute the land & local water supplies 17

18. Mercury wastes 18

19. Mercury is a toxic metal. Thermometer manufacturing company releases a very small amount of mercury(0.1 mg/kg) it contaminates the soil Hindustan Lever Ltd(HLL), Kodaikanal dispose its mercury laden glass waste into nearby area and create land pollution. By people intervention now HLL transfer large quantities of waste to USA. 19

20. Palar River-pollution 20

21. Palar river flows for 350 km through Karnataka, A.P & T.N & supplies drinking water for several village & town in Vellore district in T.N. it affect by the various leather industries in turn affecting the 40,000 hectares cropland. Types of pollutants Chromium Calcium Ammonium salts Organic dyes acids 21

22. Industrial pollution (Textile & dye industries) 22

23. Around T irupur nearly 500 dying units 195 bleaching units they consume large amount of water for processing and discharge waste water. this make surface and under ground water nit suitable for the domestic purpose increase the water “PH” value 23

24. Cont …. The rivers get polluted due to the mixing of the effluent from the industries. Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board(TNPCB) Has directed all textile & dying industries to not allow the effluent to mix in the river system. 24

25. Marine pollution 25

26. Spilled oil, breaks down the natural insulating oils & Waxes which shield bird fro water. Ultimately they loose their insulation, start shivering and froze death in winter. 30,000 birds died in “Torry canyon” incident. 150 rare species of bald eagles died in “ Exxn valdez ” accident 26

27. Gulf War 27

28. “Gulf War” took in Kuwait in 1991 between Iraq and USA. During the war they drop lakh of bombs and forced Iraq army from Kuwait . Fire nearly 700 oil wells in Kuwait Most of wells shore of the sea spread oil over sea covered nearly 80-25 km wide area. Oil wells burned nearly for 10months It released lot of co 2 & so 2 to atmosphere 28

29. Effects Nearly 1million birds killed due to oil slick. The oil slick in sea made the desalination plants ineffective 29

30. MiniaMatta Epidemic(1953) 30

31. MiniaMatta is a small coastal village in japan. The “Chisso Chemical Company” which produce “vinyl polymer” The industry released the effluent into the MiniaMatta sea, the effluent contain “Mercury ion” it convert into “Methyl Mercury” High Toxic. 31

32. Effects The effluent observe by sea plants it transfer to human by the food chain. Loss of vision and hearing Loss of muscular co-ordination Cause severe headache Nervous disorder 32

33. Chernobyl Nuclear disaster(Nuclear pollution) 33

34. In Apr 26, 1986 the melt down of Nuclear reactor, in Russia, has leaked out the radioactive r ays & radioactive materials 34

35. Effects Nearly 2000 person were killed by the accident People suffer due to illness such as Degeneration of the cells Severe bleeding Anemia Skin cancer Animals & plants are also affect by the radiation. 35

36. THANK YOU 36