Casing and Surveillance Techniques (1).pptx

Casing and Surveillance Techniques (1).pptx

1. CASING & SURVEILLANCE TECHNIQUES Public Safety Senior Leadership Course Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATIONS )

2. Introduction: To collect and disseminate real-time information Provide situational awareness to operators and security analysts Most of today's surveillance is used primarily as a forensic tool, to investigate what has already happened Not to prevent an incident.

3. Surveillance is a key component of any investigation. What is Surveillance? Act of monitoring or observing individuals, groups, or environments With the intention of gathering information or preventing criminal activity. Takes many forms, including physical observation, electronic monitoring, video recording, data collection, and analysis. Investigators use surveillance to maintain security, enforce laws and regulations, And investigate criminal activity.

4. Why is Surveillance a Vital Part of an Investigation? Investigators can uncover evidence necessary to convict a criminal or justify further legal action, such as the serving of a warrant. Investigators can also track subjects’ actions and whereabouts Help investigators identify and map criminal networks, including the relationships between suspects and their associates .

5. 1. Physical Surveillance Sometimes referred to as direct surveillance Observing people or places in person. Follow suspects around a location (commonly referred to as moving surveillance) Or from a stationary position, also known as a “stakeout.” 2. Electronic Surveillance cameras, microphones, GPS trackers, and other monitoring tools to gather information also used by investigators who need to capture and record covert conversations or activities.

6. 3. Computer Surveillance Not all crimes are committed in person monitoring an individual’s computer usage. 4. Social Media Surveillance Investigators can monitor a suspect’s social media activity to gather information about their activities, interests, and contacts. 5. Financial Surveillance Monitoring financial transactions and activities to detect and prevent financial crimes such as money laundering.

7. 6. Biometric Surveillance Uses various forms of technology to identify individuals Fingerprints, Facial recognition, CCTV is a common tool used in biometric surveillance. What Evidence Can You Collect and Use from Surveillance? The use of surveillance tools and strategies are heavily regulated and even restricted by law.

8. DEFINITION OF TERMS Public Safety Senior Leadership Course Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Surveillance – is a form of clandestine investigation which consist of keeping person, place or other targets under physical and/or technical observation in order to obtain evidence or information pertinent to the investigation.

9. Surveillance of persons is called Tailing or Shadowing, Surveillance of place is called Casing or Reconnaissance , and Surveillance of other things, events, and activities is called Roping . Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

10. Subject/Target – person, place or object under surveillance.   Surveillant – person who conduct the surveillance. Convoy – an accomplice or associate of the subject.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

11. Decoy – any person or subject almost similar to the subject used to avoid or elude surveillant. Contact – any person whom the subject pick or deal with while he is under surveillance. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

12. Made/Burn – when the subject under surveillance becomes aware that he is under observation and identifies the observer. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

13. Lost – when the surveillant do not know the where about of his subject or the subject had eluded the surveillance Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

14. Drop – any person convenient, secure and unsuspecting place where police undercover men meet his Action Agent for debriefing or reporting purposes.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

15. Safehouse/Accommodation Address – is a place, building, enclosed mobile, or an apartment, where police undercover men meet his Action Agent for debriefing and reporting purposes. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

16.   Liaison Program – the assignment of trained intelligence personnel to other agencies in order to obtain information of police intelligence value.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

17.   Plot to Bed – when the subject under surveillance has returned to his quarters and apparently retired for the night. Shadow and Tail – to follow an individual whenever on foot or by vehicle. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

18. Fingerman – an individual who can positively point out the subject. Put the finger on go identify the subject by pointing him out either in person or in photography.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

19.   Beyond Salvage – an operation or individual that has been compromised beyond any possible means of recovery or resurrection.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

20. Undercover – an investigative technique in which the Investigators/Operatives conceals his true identity and adopt status or assumed role in order to obtain access to information or evidence which would not be available through other investigative means.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

21. Undercover Agent – it refers to a person trained to observe and penetrate certain organization suspected of illegal activities and later reports the observation and information so that proper operational action can be made. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

22. Cover – device or stratagem by which a selective Investigators/Operatives conceals his identity and his relationship with the investigating agency.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

23. Cover Story – is a biographical data through fictional which will portray the personality of the agent which he/she is to assume. Cover Support – is an agent in the target areas with the primary mission of supporting cover story. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

24.   Disposal – the act of disposing in a discreet/secretive manner all physical evidence (corpus delicti) that maybe indicative of an event of a recent operational activity involving clandestine works which may have gone successfully or ended in tragedy. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

25. Bug – term for electronic listening device planted for electronic surveillance purposes. Code Word – word or phrase used to refer or identify undercover operative with one another.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

26. Deception – is the process of changing or forging and concealing of the person real personality, things, events, and places. Tradecraft – methods and techniques peculiar to the conduct of clandestine activities. ( Diskarte ) Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

27. Espionage – is the state or practice of spying other countries , places, or things in the systematic clandestine gathering of an information which is inimical for national security. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

28. Dead Drop – a place where a person can hide information so that another can later pick it up, without seeing each other. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

29. IV. Five (5) Objectives (55 mins) 1. To locate the residence, business places, and other places frequented by associates or accomplices of interest to the investigation. 2. To locate PO1 to the investigation watching habitats and associates. 3. To obtain detailed information concerning the scope and nature of a person’s identity. 4. To secure bases for obtaining a safety warrant. 5. To check on the information and their sources.

30. TWO (2) GENERAL TYPE OF SURVEILLANCE 1. Moving Surveillance 2. Fixed Surveillance Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

31. What is a moving surveillance and a fixed surveillance? Moving Surveillance and Fixed Surveillance are two different approaches to monitoring and gathering information, often used in security, law enforcement, and intelligence operations. Here’s a breakdown of each: Moving Surveillance Definition : This involves monitoring individuals or locations while in transit. It can include following a person or vehicle as they move from one location to another. Methods : It may utilize vehicles, drones, or operatives on foot to maintain visual contact without being detected. Applications : Commonly used in criminal investigations, undercover operations, and tracking suspects or targets over time and distance. Advantages : Provides real-time data on movements and activities, allowing for immediate response if necessary. Challenges : Requires skilled operatives and can be resource-intensive. It also risks detection by the subject being monitored.

32. Fixed Surveillance Definition : This involves monitoring a specific location or target from a stationary position. The surveillance is conducted over a period of time without the need to follow the subject. Methods : Can include the use of cameras, observation posts, or security personnel stationed at a fixed location. Applications : Typically used for monitoring high-risk locations, such as banks, airports, or private properties, as well as observing the activities of specific individuals at a set location. Advantages : Easier to set up and maintain over long periods. Less risk of detection compared to moving surveillance. Challenges : Limited to the area being monitored, which may miss activities that occur outside the fixed zone.

33. TYPES OF SURVEILLANCE OPERATIONS   A. ACCORDING TO INTENSITY AND SENSITIVITY 1. DISCREET (CIA) TYPE- every effort made to ensure that the subject remains unaware that he is under observation. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

34. Methods of Surveillance 1. CLOSE - maintaining constant observation of the subject is the objective , regardless of whether or not he becomes aware of the surveillance. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

35. 2. LOOSE - applied frequently or infrequently. period of observation vanned on each occasion. 3. Combination of Loose and Close Surveillance Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

36. B. ACCORDING TO METHODS 1. FIX OR STATIONARY OR STAKE-OUT/PLANT - surveillant remain in a relatively fix and advantage position while observing and records every activities or occurrences.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

37. 2. MOVING OR SHADOWING OR TAILING - surveillant follow the subject from place to place to maintain continuous watch on subject's activities.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

38. a. Five (5) techniques of foot surveillance 1. One (1) Man Surveillance 2. Two (2) Man or "AB 3. Three (3) Man or ABC 4. Leap Frog Surveillance 5.Progressive Surveillance Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

39. b. Vehicle Surveillance c. Air Surveillance 3. TECHNICAL SURVEILLANCE - accomplished by use of audio equipment, photography, visual devices and other highly technical devices or equipment. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

40. A. Pre surveillance conference - a conference held among team members, the police intelligence before the surveillance is conducted. B. Area and target study - all available information about the area should be collected and analyzed. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

41. C. Surveillance plan - the plan must establish the required type of personnel, the general and specific instructions to the surveillant. All participating personnel must have a common understating of the operational limitations, signals and special instructions which have been improved. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

42. D. Selection of personnel   1. Inconspicuous physical character 2. Ability to remain unnoticed 3. Resourcefulness 4. Patience and physical stamina Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

43. 5. Keen sensory perception and retentive memory 6. Driving ability 7. Personal courage 8. Area knowledge 9. Security consciousness Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

44. E. Administrative and logistics 1. Communication and Control 2. The Conduct of Surveillance Operations Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

45.   SURVEILLANCE PRECAUTIONS   1. Do not make abrupt or unnatural movement 2. Do not make use of disguises that will attract attention 3. Never stare directly at the subject Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

46. 4. Do not attempt to appear too innocent when accosted by the subject 5. Never speak to another surveillant unless absolutely necessary to accomplish the mission 6. Maintain distance Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

47. 7. Plan ahead 8. Beware of or changes of action 9. Notes taking should be done in safe areas. 10. Make use of street furniture such as telephone booth, sidewalk vendors, waiting shades. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

48. FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN FIX SURVEILLANCE   1. Determine base of operation 2. Maintain a thorough, cautious reconnaissance of the area 3. Obtain necessary equipment (double check working conditions) Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

49. 4. Assignment of specific duties to each member of the team. 5. Prepare alternative courses of action 6. Provide for relief teams Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

50. 7. Arrange for common signals 8. Arrange for inconspicuous arrival and departure of equipment as well as personnel in the base of operation. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

51. COUNTER SURVEILLANCE TESTING 1. Window Shopping 2. Use of Convoys 3. Stopping immediately on Blind Corners Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

52. 4. Getting out immediately on public conveyances 5. Retracing 6. Entering Mobile Housing Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

53. DETECTION OF AUTOMOBILE SURVEILLANCE 1. The subject may drive at high rate of speed until he reaches the crest of hill or curve where he will be out of the surveillants sight temporarily. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

54. 2. The subject may turn around and go in the opposite direction. In turn, the surveillant should follow unless he has received instructions to discontinue the surveillance rather than discover. Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

55. 3. The subject may park his car at a road crossing at the edge of a small village where strange automobiles are very noticeable. 4. Determine the base operation, a room, an apartment, house or store.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

56. 5. Make a thorough caution reconnaissance of the area of building from which the surveillance is to be made.   Module 5 – (POLICE OPERATION) Public Safety Senior Leadership Course

57. SURVEILLANCE REPORT SUBJECT: TO: I. REFERENCES: II. INITIAL DATA: Team Composition Brief Description of Subject Assisting Agencies (if any) Equipment Employed (if any) Type of Surveillance III. SUBJECT DESCRIPTIONS A. Personal Details Name Address Age Sex Height Weight Complexion Distinguishing Marks B. Photograph C. Others

58. CASING OPERATION CASING - IS THE RECONAISSSANCE OR SURVEILLANCE OF A BUILDING, PLACE OR AREA TO INCLUDE ITS IMMEDIATE VICINITY TO DETERMINE ITS SUITABILITY FOR INTEL USED OR ITS VULNERABILITIES IN AN INTEL OPERATION. METHODS OF CASING 1. PERSONAL RECONAISSANCE - most effective method of gathering information. 2. MAP RECONNAISSANCE - using the map in conducting survey, the map MUST be current. 3. THROUGH RESEARCH - entails study of unclassified sources such as: local, newspaper, periodicals, directory, public bulletin, telephone, radio & TV broadcast and other available references. 4. PRIOR INFO - file reports in the intelligence units, area studies, social invest and geodetic studies. 5. HEARSAY - usually gained by person performing casing job.

59. GENERAL PRINCIPLES IN CASING 1. Know the best route to get there; 2. Know how to conduct yourself without attracting attention; 3. Know what security hazards are in the area and how can they avoided or minimized; and 4. Know the best route to extricate from the area.

60. INFORMATION DESIRED IN CASING 1. AREA CONDITION AND HABIT - a description of the locality as whether the place is a residential commercial, highly urbanized and rural. The living condition income of population, operational data (time where the area seemed to be useful-closing time) It includes the amount/tare description of the area during the different weather Condition what transportation is available to include the amount/fare? Habits refer to the routine activities of the people in the area dialect and different beliefs also considered. 2. ACTIVE OPPOSITION - means all organs of security system whose task is to prevent intelligence activity in a given area. This also includes not only the enemy but also the efforts of neutral or allied countries to discover and observed our intelligence activities and learn its objectives. Remember that a country which either neutral or ally today may anytime in the future become the ally of the opposition. 3. DISPOSAL PLAN - disposal of the information and materials in case or possible compromise. 4. ESCAPE AND EVASION - the exit planning in case of emergencies and/or compromise.

61. GUIDELINES IN THE CONDUCT OF CASING 1. To gain contact as soon as possible and maintain continuously 2. Maneuver freely in conformity with operations 3. To fight only when necessary, 4. To report all items of information, and 5. To develop operational situation

62. BASIC PROCEDURES IN THE CONDUCT OF CASING 1. Preparation of general location map 2. Sketch of the adjoining establishment and prominent features 3. Specific sketch of floor plan of main target 4. Detailed features of inner portion of targets and its description, and 5. Photograph of the casing target (from general to specific points)

63. Sample Format of Casing Operation Report I. REFERENCE: II. MISSION: To conduct casing operation for PERSONAL MEETING or CONTACT MEETING site. (for you as COP and your informant.) III. OPERATIONAL DATA: 1. General description of the target and immediate area 2. Area conditions and habit 3. Active Oppositions IV. EXECUTION: PERSONAL MEETING/CONTACT MEETING 1. Specific Location of PM site 2. Cover Story 3. Date and Time 4. Signal 5. Danger Signal 6. Security 7. Escape and Evasion Plan V. ADMINISTRATIVE AND LOGISTICS 1. Coordinating Instructions: (Example: All contact agents should Not bring firearms or any identifying materials.) 2. Logistics 3. Financial Support

64. Static CCTV surveillance techniques Used to legally identity any wrongdoings, such as theft or misconduct at work or a career suspected of neglecting a family member in his or her care. Can be used in any legal proceedings or as an intelligence tool to gain leverage. Nothing illegal about following a person in public or filming them in a public place. Setting up covert CCTV on private property or embedding it in personal items such as a phone or TV Is against the law, unless the courts allow it.

65. Subject or asset tracking and location with GPS tracking GPS will relay to a special website precisely where someone is at any particular time. Covert vehicle tracking systems that can monitor the subject’s actions live on a smartphone or laptop.