Catalogue objective, purpose, functions

STUDENTS OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE

1. Library catalogue : objectives, purposes and functions Chapter Outline Objectives Introduction Library Catalogue Definitions Purposes of a library catalogue Objectives of a library catalogue Cataloging Process Cataloging and Classification Summary Exercises References

2. Introduction Library catalogue is a list of print and non-print materials accessible from a particular library. It discloses to the reader the list of a library collection as well as materials accessible from a particular library via web. We introduce you to some of the basic ideas relating to library catalogues and cataloging.

3. Chapter 1:Catalog The word ‘catalogue’ comes from the Greek phrase Kata logos . Kata means “according to” or “by”. Logos has different meanings. Sometimes, it means simply “words”, sometimes “order” and other times “reason”. Catalog is a work in which the list of documents are arranged in a “reasonable” way in a particular “order” or according to a set “plan”

4. Catalog.. Generally speaking, a library catalogue is a list of books and non-book materials in a particular library or accessible from a particular library via web, arranged according to a definite plan or determined order It contains specified items of bibliographic information for the purpose of identification and location of the materials catalogued.

5. Catalog… If the catalogue in physical form represents the collection of two or more libraries, the catalogue is termed as union catalogue. If a search is made in multiple resources/databases, it is called federated search.

6. Catalog… Purpose of a library catalogue To serve as a guide to the collection of materials acquired for the library. It also serves users as a retrieval tool.

7. OR Libraries generally acquire reading and reference materials in various physical forms or non-physical forms such as Internet resources. These materials are utilized by users for study, reference, and research.

8. It is necessary that a library prepares and provides a public record of all the materials irrespective of their physical-forms acquired/accessed by it in order to give the readers an idea of the entire collection possessed by it.

9. Catalog… Main purpose of a library catalogue is to aid readers in making use of the collection of the library by providing author, subject, title and other approaches to the collection Serve as a guide to the library collection accessible by the library to know its location

10. Objectives of a Library Catalogue Charles Ami Cutter described the objectives of a library catalogue in 1876 when he first published the first edition of his book Rules for a Dictionary Catalogue. His views on the subject are often quoted and are relevant even today.

11. Objects of the Catalog To enable a person to find a book of which either (A) the author (B) the title is known (C) the subject

12. Objects… 2. To show what the library has (D) by a given author (E) on a given subject (F) in a given kind of literature

13. Objects… 3. To assist in the choice of a book (G) as to its edition (bibliographically) (H) as to its character (literary or topical)

14. Objects.. (questions for discussion) The statement was written over a hundred years ago. Have the objects of the catalogue changed very much? How they changed at all? Should we add or subtract any? Which are the most important? Discuss this in a group, or this about these questions yourself.

15. Exercise 1.1 Write in your own words the purpose of the catalog

16. Cataloging Process Catalogue consists of various entries of documents acquired for the library/accessible by the library. Operations and procedures associated with the preparation of entries for incorporation into the catalogue are known as cataloguing or cataloguing process.

17. Cataloguing is the art of preparing records in such a way that a document is quickly identified and located by the reader. It is a practical art is learnt by practice alone. There are three types of entries in the library catalogue: main entry, shelf list and added entry

18. Main Entry: Main entry give detailed information about the documents in various sections or areas (descriptive part and tracing part)

19. shelf list: accession number is written in the main entry. This is for the use of library staff. There is no prescribed rule for this purpose. For the sake of uniformity, we will transcribe the accession number on the 5 th line from the red horizontal line of the card. Is an inventory record of a library which bibliographical data of items arranged exactly the way the items are arranged

20. Added entry: prepared under various access points such as author, title subject and give brief information of the document in manual catalogue.

21. Cataloguing process Receive Material Search for cataloguing information Cataloguing information found Cataloguing information not found Order record, add holdings online Catalog material

22. Receive catalogue products Accept/modify record Add to library’s authority files if necessary Add reference s in catalog if necessary Enter in shelf list if necessary Manual system file cards

23. Operations of cataloging Choice and creating of headings of main entries, added entries and sections of main as well as added entries Recording of information in the sections of entries Determination of style of writing, punctuation marks, capitalization, etc. Writing call numbers on all entries Filing of catalogue cards in manual entry Preparation of guide cards/entry Maintenance and updating of entries in a catalogue

24. Cataloging Cataloging is the preparation of bibliographic information for catalog records/cards. Catalogers use a set of cataloging tools, which are the agreed international rules and standards. Cataloging consists of Descriptive cataloging Assigning subject heading (subject cataloging) Classification

25. A catalog record

26. Descriptive Cataloging Descriptive cataloging describes an item, identifies access points and formats access point, using the Anglo-American cataloging rules and appropriate name and authority files

27. Subject Cataloging Subject cataloging determines subject headings for an item, which represent the subject(s) of the work in words and/or phrases using Sears List of Subject Headings or a similar authoritative subject headings list.

28. Classification Classification determines a classification number for an item Represents the subject of the work in a number and/or letters, using Dewey Decimal Classification or a similar authoritative classification scheme, and provides a location for an item in a collection.

29. Cataloging Networks There are many cataloging networks within library sectors, regions, OCLC (Online Computer Library Center, Inc), has over 80 million items cataloged and libraries all over the world share its records. With the development of web, most of the integrated library software have the protocol of z39.50. This protocol allows other libraries to download their records.

30. Purposes of Cataloging Rules To provide consistency within a single library. To provide consistency between libraries To reduce time involved in cataloging To provide ease of use for library users using more than one library To ensure that the purposes of the catalog are achieved

31. To provide consistency within a single library That is, a description and headings created by one cataloger need to be consistent with a description and headings created by another cataloger or at a different time.

32. To provide consistency between libraries In order to share catalog records and reducing costs in a centralised or cooperative library system, libraries must use an agreed set of cataloging rules

33. To reduce time involved in cataloging If codes did not exist, catalogers would have to start from scratch with every work they cataloged

34. To provide ease of use for library users using more than one library Cutter states “ The convenience of the public is always to be set before that of the cataloger”

35. To ensure that the purposes of the catalog are achieved Catalog must enable users to find what they need efficiently and reliably

36. Cataloging and Classification Call number, expresses what subject matter a book has *in common* with other books, Catalog record is used to express what makes that book *unique* from others in your collection.

37. Exercise 1.3

38. Chapter-2:Bibliographic Record

39. An Example..

40. Bibliographic..

41. Access Points . Users find records in the catalog by a person’s name, title, series, organization or subject. The name or term a user searches for is called access point, since it gives the user access to the record,. It is also called a heading, since it is written at the top (head) of the record in a card, book or microfiche catalog. Catalogers determine the access points using cataloging rules, with particular attention to what users are likely to look for

42. Main Entry Heading When a catalog record is created, the cataloger decides that one of the access points is the main entry heading. It is usually first-named author or the title.

43. Added Entry Headings Added entry headings (i.e. the other access points) reflect other names-other authors, editions, illustrations, translators, titles, series and organizations-by which a user may look for the record.

44. Subject Headings Subject heading s are also access points, since many users look for information on a subject without knowing particular authors or titles. Subject heading are decided in subject cataloging, rather than descriptive cataloging, but they usually form part of the bibliographic record. A catalog record also contains a classification number, so that the user can locate the Item.

45. Formats of catalogs Increasingly library catalogs are automated, i.e. the records are stored on a computer, and clients find their information using a computer. However, other formats-including card, book, microfiche, computer printout and CD-ROM are also used.

46. Formats of Catalogs.. Standard access points-main entry, added entry and subject headings-were established for card catalogs, In a set of catalog cards, one card is provided for each access point, with the appropriate heading at the top of the card. An extra main entry card is used as a shelf list card.

47. Formats of Catalogs In computerized catalogs, each access point gives users the same view of the record. Users generally need to search using the correct heading. Users of sophisticated automated catalogs can look up almost any piece of information or combination of details, to find a record.

48. Exercise 2.1 Here are two online catalog records. Highlight all the access points you find in an OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog), you are familiar.

49. Library catalogue and the Five Laws of Library Science

50. Books are for use-1 st law Accessibility to library collection through a well designed physicals form of a catalogue as well as the inner structure of catalogue entries and their organization. Implication for a library catalogue

51. Every reader his book-2 nd law The physical form as well as its internal structure of a library structure should be designed to help every type or category of users such as children, specialists or physically handicapped persons. Implication for a library catalogue

52. Every Book its Reader- 3 rd law Provision of analytical entries of documents to reveal the hidden contents of documents. Implication for a library catalogue

53. Save the Time of the users- 4 th law All possible approaches to the catalogue through author, title, and subject indexes, cross reference entries, and guidelines to the use catalogue all these to provide speed of service. Implication for a library catalogue

54. Library is a Growing Organism-5 th law Provision to adapt a library catalogue to changes in publications, both paper-print and electronic, and changing needs of users and other environment factors. Implication for a library catalogue