Cavities of human body

cavities of human body
heart structure and description
lungs structure and description
skull description
Abdominopelvic cavity description

1. CAVITIES OF HUMAN BODY Dr. P. Samuel Assistant Professor Department of Biotechnology, ANJAC, Sivakasi

2. Thoracic cavity As per Medical Definition,   thoracic cavity is the division of the body  cavity  that lies above the diaphragm, is bounded peripherally by the wall of the  chest , and contains the heart and lungs. It contains organs including the   heart ,  lungs , and  thymus gland , as well as  muscles  and various other internal structures.

3. Heart The  heart  is a  muscular   organ  in most animals, which pumps  blood  through the  blood vessels  of the  circulatory system as well as assist in the removal of metabolic waste. In humans, the heart is located between the lungs, in the  middle compartment  of the  chest . In humans, other mammals, and birds, the heart is divided into four chambers: upper left and right  atria ; and lower left and right  ventricles .

4. Human Heart

5. The heart beats at a resting  rate  close to 72 beats per minute .   Exercise  temporarily increases the rate, but lowers  resting heart rate  in the long term, and is good for heart health . Cardiovascular diseases frequently do not have symptoms or may cause  chest pain  or  shortness of breath . Diagnosis of heart disease is often done by the taking of a  medical history ,  listening  to the  heart-sounds  with a  stethoscope ,  ECG , and  ultrasound .

6. The heart has four chambers, two upper  atria , the receiving chambers, and two lower  ventricles , the discharging chambers.

7. Lungs The lungs together weigh approximately 1.3 kilograms (2.9 lb), and the right is heavier . The   lungs  are the primary  organs  of the  respiratory system  in  humans  and many other animals including a few  fish  and some  snails . In  mammals  and most other  vertebrates , two lungs are located near the  backbone  on either side of the  heart . Their function in the respiratory system is to extract  oxygen  from the  atmosphere  and transfer it into the  bloodstream , and to release  carbon dioxide  from the bloodstream into the atmosphere, in a process of  gas exchange .

8. The  tissue of the lungs  can be affected by a  number of diseases , including  pneumonia  and  lung cancer .   Pulmonary disease  includes  chronic bronchitis  and previously termed emphysema, can be related to  smoking  or exposure to  harmful substances  such as  coaldust ,  asbestos fibres  and  crystalline   silica  dust . Diseases such as  bronchitis  can also affect the  respiratory tract .

9. Cranial cavity - Skull

10. Cranial cavity - description The  cranial cavity , also known as  intracranial space , is the space within the  skull . The skull, also known as the cranium, contains the  brain .  Meninges  are protective membranes that surround the brain to minimize damage of the brain when there is head trauma . Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges caused by bacterial or viral infections.

11. The spaces between Meninges and the brain are filled with a clear  cerebrospinal fluid , increasing the protection of the brain. Facial bones of the skull are not included in the cranial cavity. There are only eight cranial bones: The occipital, two  parietal , the frontal, two temporal, the ethmoid and the sphenoid bones are fused together by the ossification of fixed fibrous sutures. The  occipital bone  found in the rear of the skull is thicker to limit fractures caused by blows to the back of the head. In the event that the brain strikes the inside of the skull, there is a risk of a minor traumatic brain injury (concussion). This type of injury can alter brain function, cause memory loss, headaches an or nausea. A minor traumatic brain injury can be followed by post concussion syndrome.  The capacity of an adult human cranial cavity is 1,200–1,700 cm 3 .

12. Abdominopelvic cavity The  abdominopelvic cavity  is a body cavity that consists of the  abdominal cavity  and the  pelvic cavity . This cavity contains the   stomach ,  liver ,  pancreas ,  spleen , gallbladder ,  kidneys , and most of the small and large  intestines . It also contains the  urinary bladder  and internal  reproductive organs . [2] [3]

13. Pelvic cavity

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