CBL Infective Endocarditis Rheumatic Heart Disease DENGUE HIV.ppt

Microbio Case Based learning

1. Case based learning
Leishmaniasis, Filariasis,
Dengue, HIV, BSI & PUO

2. Case: 1
•A31yearoldmanfromBiharpresentedwithoffandonfeverfo10days,
anemiaandsplenomegaly.Thebonemarrowaspiratewascollectedand
subjectedtoGiemsastainingasshowninfigure.
a.Whatistheprobablediagnosisandtheetiologicalagent.
b.Namethevectorofthisinfection.
c.Nametheinfectiveanddiagnosticformofthisinfection.
d.Nameotherclinicalformsofthisinfection.
e.Discussvariousdiagnosticmodalities.
f.Discussthetreatmentmodalities.

3. Case: 2
•A25yearoldmalewithhistoryofmultiplepartnersisadmittedwith
complaintsofunexplainedfever,progressivelossofweight,persistent
diarrheaandgeneralizedlymphadenopathyforthepast6months.
a.Whatisthemostprobablediagnosis?
b.Discusstheantigenicstructureofthecausativeagent.
c.Discussthemodeoftransmissionofthisinfection.
d.Whatistheclinicalstageofthepatient?
e.DiscusstheWHOclinicalstagingofthisinfection.

4. Case: 3
•A28yearoldmalepatientpresentedwithelevatedbodytemperature(102
F)for>3weeks.Thepatientishospitalizedforthepast5dayswithout
elucidationofacauseevenafterthoroughhistoryandexamination.
a.Whatisyourprobablediagnosis?
b.Giveaproperdefinitionofthiscondition.
c.Listthevariousetiologicalagents.
d.Howwillyouapproachforlaboratorydiagnosisinsuchcase?

5. Case: 4
•A29yearoldfemalepresentedtoOPDwithcomplaintsofhighgrade
fever,severejointpain,backpainandmyalgia.Graduallyshe
developedpetechialrashoverthebody.Onexaminationshewasfound
tohavejaundice,hepatomegalyandlowplateletcount(30,000/mm3).
Atourniquettestdoneoverthecubitalfossademonstrated25
petechialspots/squareincharea.
a)Whatistheclinicaldiagnosis.
b)Whatisthepathogenesisofthisinfection.
c)Discusstheclinicalspectrumofthisinfection.
d)Howwillyoumakethelaboratorydiagnosis.

6. Case: 5
•A42Yearoldfemalepresentedwithhighgradefever,difficultyin
breathing.
•Onexamination,thefollowingsignswerenoticed:Bodytemp=102F,Heart
rate106/min,Respiratoryrate=24/min,BP=90/60mmofHg
a.Whatistheprobableclinicaldiagnosis?
b.Whatscoringsystemisusedtoassesstheseverityofinfection?
c.Classifyorganismscausingbloodstreaminfections.
d.Definebacteremia.
e.Classifybacteremia.
f.Discussthemethodofsamplecollectioninthiscondition.

7. Case: 6
•A 45 year old female presented with history of severe weight loss and
unexplained fever and diarrhea for past 1 month. She also gave
history of 2 episodes of hospitalization due to septicemia in past 2
months. She gave history of undergoing blood transfusion 2 years
back.
a.What is the clinical diagnosis/ stage of this infection.
b.List the opportunistic infections which can occur in this infection.
c.Discuss the lab diagnosis of this infection.
d.Discuss replication of this causative agent.

8. Case: 7
•A25yearsoldmalepresentedwithh/ooffandonfeverforpast1yearand
recentswellingofleftleg.Hisbloodsamplewassentforperipheralblood
smearexaminationwhichisshownbelow
a.Whatistheprobablediagnosisandtheetiologicalagent?
b.Namethevectorandinfectivestageofthisinfection.
c.Discusstheclinicalfeaturesofthisinfection
d.Discussthelaboratorydiagnosisofthisinfection.
e.Whatisthetreatmentofthisinfection?
f.Describepreventivemeasuresforthisinfection.

9. Case: 8
•A 40 year old male presented in emergency with low blood pressure,
cold clammy peripheries and threadypulse. He had altered sensorium.
On examination, petechialrash was present all over the body. Further
investigations showed, decreased platelet count (10000/mm3).
a)What is the probable clinical diagnosis.
b)Classify the etiological agent and vector of this infection.
c)What is the treatment of this infection.
d)Discuss the vaccine available.
e)List the other causative agents of viral hemorrhagic fever.

10. Case: 9
•A patient was waiting for appendicectomysurgery. The surgeon
wanted to rule out HIV status preoperatively.
a)Which NACO strategy will you follow for this patient.
b)Describe NACO strategies for diagnosing this infection.
c)Discuss the significance of p24 antigen testing for diagnosis.
d)Discuss 3 Cs while performing the testing for HIV.
e)Discuss HAART regimen.