celce murcia's model of communicative competence.ppt

communicative competence model

1. Communicative Competence

and Systemic Functional
Model of Language
[email protected]

2. Why we need a CC model
Celce-Murcia et al.’s effort has been
motivated by the belief in the potential in the
direct, explicit approach to the teaching of
communicative skills, which would require a
detailed description of what CC entails in
order to use the sub-components as a
content base in syllabus design.(p.6)

3. Competence
Discourse
Competence
Linguistic Comp..
Actional Comp.
Socio –
Cultural Comp.
Strategic
Competence

4. What does CC entail?
•Discourse Competence
•Linguistic Competence
•Actional Competence
•Socio-cultural Competence
•Strategic Competence
(p.10)

5. Discourse Competence
Discourse competence concerns the
selection, sequencing, and arrangement of
words, structures, sentences and utterance
to achieve a unified spoken or written
text. (p.13)

6. Components of Discourse Competence
•COHESION
Reference, Substutition, Conjuction, Lexical Chains
•DEIXES
Personal pronouns, Spatial, Temporal, Textual
•COHERENCE
Thematization, Management of old and new information
•GENRE/GENERIC STRUCTURE
Narrative, Report, service encounter, etc.
•CONVERSATIONAL STRUCTURE
How to perform opening, hold the floor, adjacency
pairs, etc.

7. What do we develop?
•The ability to participate in discourse, or
•The ability to communicate, or
•The ability to create spoken and written
texts, or
•The ability to negotiate meanings, or
•The ability to exchange nuances of
meanings

8. Linguistic Competence
•Syntax
•Morphology
•Lexicon
•Phonology
•Orthography

9. Actional Competence
•Interpersonal Exchange
•Information
•Opinions
•Feelings
•Suasion
•Problems
•Future Scenario

10. Sociocultural Competence
•Social Contextual Factors
•Stylistic Appropriateness
Factors
•Cultural Factors
•Non-Verbal Communicative
Factors

11. Strategic Competence
•Avoidance or Reduction Strategies
•Achievement or Compensatory Str.
•Stalling or Time-Gaining Str.
•Self-Monitoring Str.
•Interactional Str.

12. The Nature of the CC Model
•Pedagogically motivated (Celce-Murcia)
•Sociocultural theory of language / Language
as communication (Halliday)
•Constructivism in sociocultural tradition
(Vygotsky)
•Literacy in ELT (Kern)

13. TEXT
CULTURE
Genre (Purpose)
Situation
Who is involved?
(Tenor)
Subject matter Channel
(Field) (Mode)
Register

14. Ideational
Interpersonal
Textual
Discourse Semantic Level
Lexicogrammatical
Level
Phonology/
Graphology
Level
CULTURAL LEVEL

15. Syarat pengembangan Syarat pengembangan
kompetensi komunikatifkompetensi komunikatif
Scaffolding Talks:Scaffolding Talks:
Bahasa yang digunakan guru dalam Bahasa yang digunakan guru dalam
mengelola proses pembelajaran mengelola proses pembelajaran
sebagai sebagai
language accompanying action.language accompanying action.

16. Zone of Proximal Development
Independent
Learning zone
Interactive
discourse
Teacher
intervention
Peer-peer
interaction

17. Peran guruPeran guru
Menciptakan pengalaman Menciptakan pengalaman
pembelajaranpembelajaran
Merancang kegiatanMerancang kegiatan
Merancang komunikasiMerancang komunikasi
Berperan sebagai “ibu” Berperan sebagai “ibu”
dalam pemerolehan dalam pemerolehan
bahasa alamiahbahasa alamiah

18. Learning ExperiencesLearning Experiences

19. Literacy PrinciplesLiteracy Principles
•InterpretationInterpretation
•CollaborationCollaboration
•ConventionConvention
•Cultural KnowledgeCultural Knowledge
•Problem solvingProblem solving
•ReflectionReflection
•Language useLanguage use

20. LiteracyLiteracy LevelsLevels
•Performative LevelPerformative Level
•Functional LevelFunctional Level
•Informational LevelInformational Level
•Epistemic LevelEpistemic Level

21. SPOKEN AND WRITTEN LANGUAGESPOKEN AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE
CONTINUUM CONTINUUM
Most Spoken Most Written
Spoken Language
Written Language
Language accompanying action Language as reflection

22. Spoken & Written LanguageSpoken & Written Language
SpokenSpoken: :
* * Language as Language as exchangeexchange
* * About About YOUYOU and and II
WrittenWritten::
* * Language as Language as representationrepresentation
* About* About othersothers

23. What do people do when What do people do when
communicating?communicating?
•They exchange They exchange
meaningsmeanings..

24. How do we negotiate?How do we negotiate?
•InterpersonallyInterpersonally
•LogicosemanticallyLogicosemantically

25. Where in the sentence does Where in the sentence does
interpersonal meaning interpersonal meaning
reside?reside?
•In the In the MoodMood area area
Mood = Subject + FiniteMood = Subject + Finite
Mood expresses:Mood expresses:
•AttitudesAttitudes
•FeelingsFeelings
•JudgementJudgement
•Etc.Etc.

26. Negotiating Negotiating
interpersonallyinterpersonally
A : A : I amI am sleepy.sleepy.
B : B : Are you?Are you?
C : C : I loveI love her. her.
D : D : You do, don’t youYou do, don’t you..
E : E : I cleanedI cleaned the room! the room!
D : D : No, you didn’tNo, you didn’t!!

27. When is When is interpersonalinterpersonal
negotiation dominant?negotiation dominant?
•In In sustained casual sustained casual
conversationsconversations
* Chatting* Chatting
* Gossiping* Gossiping
* Killing the time* Killing the time

28. Negotiating Negotiating
logicosemanticallylogicosemantically
A : I am A : I am sleepysleepy..
B : B : Sleepy or hungrySleepy or hungry ??
A : A : BothBoth, actually., actually.
C : C : WhatWhat’s your name?’s your name?
D : D : HartatiHartati
C : C : WhereWhere do you live? do you live?
D : D : Jalan DiponegoroJalan Diponegoro ..

29. When isWhen is logicosemantic logicosemantic
negotiation dominant?negotiation dominant?
•In In transactional transactional
conversationsconversations
* * Giving /demanding Giving /demanding
informationinformation
* * Giving’demanding Giving’demanding
goods and servicesgoods and services

30. Negotiation in WritingNegotiation in Writing
•Focused on Focused on old and old and
new informationnew information
•Focused on Focused on Theme and Theme and
RhemeRheme

31. Old and Old and New New InformationInformation
Once upon a time, Once upon a time, there was an old lady.there was an old lady.
She She was very poor, but she was happywas very poor, but she was happy..
She She had a handsome son called Ande-Ande had a handsome son called Ande-Ande
LumutLumut..
He He was a fine young man.was a fine young man.
Many girls likedMany girls liked him him..

32. NegotiationNegotiation
is is
* * The Communication EngineThe Communication Engine
* * The key to discourse The key to discourse
competencecompetence

36. Good Luck!Good Luck!