CELL CYCLE.pptx presentation for grade 8

This ppt presentation discusses the 2 cell cycles which are anaphase and Mitotic cell division

1. PRAYER

2. GOOD AFTERNOON 8-HYACINTH

3. C E L CELL RULES Communicate clearly and respectfully. L Engage actively in Discussion. Listen and Respond Appropriately. Link ideas to the lesson.

4. 2ND QUESTION 1ST QUESTION 3rd Question Q AND A Have you ever seen a tadpole growing until it turns into a frog? Explain the life cycle of a tadpole until it turns into a mature frog and reproduce. Have you observed, when we cut our hair, they still grow? Chromosome DNA gene

5. 5th QUESTION 4th QUESTION Q AND A When we have wound, did you wonder why it heals? What do you think might have help it to heal?

6. Mitotic G2 G1 S Period Interphase Anaphase Telophase Metaphase Prophase Arrange the cell cycle and their sub-levels into its correct sequence.

7. LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of this lesson, you will learn to : a. Understand cell cycle, and different parts of the chromosome, b. Identify diseases caused by problems in cell growth, development, or repair c. Make a chromosome model using recyclable materials.

8. CELL CYLE - Cell cycle is a cycle of stages that cells pass through to allow them to divide and produce new cells. It is sometimes referred to as the “cell division cycle” for that reason.

9. CELL CYCLE

10. 1 2 3 CELL CYCLE -THE CHROMOSOMES OF A CELL CHANGE THEIR FORM AS THEY UNDERGO CELL TRANSITIONS FROM ONE STAGE TO ANOTHER IN A TYPICAL CELL CYCLE. - THE CELL CYCLE IS DIVIDED INTO TWO STAGES: THE INTERPHASE WHERE THE CHROMOSOMES ARE LONG, AND EXTENDED CELL DIVISION OR MITOTIC PHASE WHERE THE CHROMOSOMES BECOME CONDENSED OR THICKENED.

11. TWO STAGES OF CELL CYCLE is the interval between two cell divisions. During this stage, the cell merely grows. The chromosome doubles or replicates itself because the DNA molecule contained in the chromosome produces a precise copy of itself.

12. TWO STAGES OF CELL CYCLE -During this stage, the cell is not dividing; it obtains nutrients and metabolizes, grows, replicates its DNA in preparation for mitosis.

13. 2. Synthesis stage or S phase 1.First gap period or G1 INTERPHASE, sub-stages -cell grows initially. -synthesis of protein and ribonucleic acid or RNA occurs. - mitochondria increase in number. DNA are synthesized thus replicating the chromosomes in preparation for the next cell division. 3. Second gap period or G2 - cell grows rapidly. - cell prepares for the actual cell division.

14. THIS STRUCTURE CAN BE FOUND INSIDE THE CELL THAT CARRIES GENETIC MATERIAL? Chromosome

15. CHROMOSOME - self-replicating genetic material that directs the activities and functions of the cells, and inside it we have our DNA.

16. DNA (DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID) -is the genetic material located inside a chromosome in the nucleus of the cell.

17. Parts of the Chromosome

18. CHROMATIDS -two identical halves of a replicated chromosome after the Synthesis phase or the S phase of the cell cycle.

19. The attachment points of the two chromatids of a chromosome. It is also described as the constriction point which divides the chromosome into two sections, or “arms.” CENTROMERE

20. or p arm - upper arms of the chromosome which is usually shorter. DEFINITION SHORT ARM

21. -lower arms of the chromosome which is usually longer. DEFINITION Q- ARM

22. TO CONCLUDE OUR LESSON FOR TODAY WE LEARNED THAT CELLS ARE ESSENTIAL FOR AN ORGANISM’S GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, AND REPAIR BY DIVIDING TO INCREASE IN NUMBER, SPECIALIZING INTO DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS, AND REPLACING DAMAGED OR WORN-OUT CELLS TO MAINTAIN OVERALL HEALTH.

23. ACTIVITY Instruction: Search for diseases caused by problems in cell growth, development, or repair, then write a short explanation of how cell malfunction leads to these diseases.

24. Instruction: Directions: From the choices given below, complete the table by writing the letter corresponding to the cellular activity that describes the phase indicated. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

25. CHOICES A. DNA replicates. B. Nuclear membrane reforms. C. Cytoplasm completely divides. D. Protein and RNA synthesis occur. E. Cell prepares for the actual cell division. F. Chromosomes align at the equatorial plane. G. Chromosomes condense and become visible. H. Sister chromatids separate and migrate to the opposite pole

26. ASSIGNMENT Instruction: Make a chromosome model using recyclable materials.

27. Criteria Description Points Creativity The model is unique, innovative, and effectively uses recycled materials. 8 Neatness & Presentation The model is clean, well-organized, and visually appealing. 6 Material Usage The model is made mostly from recycled materials, showing resourcefulness. 6 TOTAL 20 Pts