Cell line

tells about the cell lines

1. Cell culture and maintenance- “Cell Lines Used In Screening Techniques” Submitted To- Presented By- Mrs. Jyothi Y. Bhavya Rewari Asst. Proff., Dept. of Pharmacology M.Pharm, Ist year, Pharmacology Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore

2. Contents Cell line Types of tissue culture Primary cultures Continuous cell lines Cell types Human cell lines Animal cell lines Applications

3. Cell line A cell line is a permanently established cell culture that will proliferate indefinitely given appropriate fresh medium and space A cell culture developed from a single cell and therefore consisting of cells with a uniform genetic make-up There is presence of several cell linkage either similar or distinct Generally stem cells are used in this culture

4. After the subculture, the primary culture becomes a cell line & may be propagated & sub cultured several times Some species, particularly rodents, give rise to lines relatively easily, whereas other species do not No cell lines have been produced from avian tissues and the establishment of cell lines from human tissue is difficult

5. Types of tissue culture Primary Continuous Finite Indefinite Normal cells cultured without any change in their division rate Single cell type roughly thirty times of division, enhanced by growth factors It is nearly the same as finite but the cells here can divide indefinitely by transformation into tumor cells, They are called cell line

6. Cell line Normal Transformed Stem cell Taken from a tumor tissue and cultured as a single cell type Normal cells underwent a genetic change to be tumor cells They are Master Cells that generate Other differentiated cell types

7. Primary cultures Cells when surgically or enzymatically removed from an organism and placed in suitable culture environment will attach and grow and are called as primary culture Primary cells have a finite life span Primary culture contains a very heterogeneous population of cells

8. Sub culturing of primary cells leads to the generation of cell lines Cell lines have limited life span, they passage several times before they become senescent Cells such as macrophages and neurons do not divide in vitro so can be used as primary cultures

9. Continuous cell lines Most cell lines grow for a limited number of generations after which they cease Cell lines which either occur spontaneously or induced virally are chemically transformed into continous cell lines

10. Characteristics of continuous cell lines- Smaller, more rounded, less adherent with a higher nucleus /cytoplasm ratio Fast growth Grow more in suspension conditions Ability to grow up to higher cell density Stop expressing tissue specific genes

11. Cell types On the basis of morphology (shape & appearance) or on their functional characteristics. They are divided into three. Epithelial like- Attached to a substrate and appears flattened and polygonal in shape Lymphoblast like- Cells do not attach, remain in suspension with a spherical shape Fibroblast like- Cells attached to a substrate, appear elongated and bipolar

12. Human cell lines

13. FEATURES FINITE CONTINUOUS ploidy Diploid Heteroploid Transformation Normal Transformed Anchorage Dependence Yes NO Density limitation of growth Yes NO Mode of Growth Monolayer Monolayer of suspension Maintenance Cyclic Steady state

14. Serum Requirement High Low Cloning Efficiency Low High Markers Tissue Specific Chromosomal, Enzymic Virus susceptibility, Differentiation May be retained Often lost Growth rate Slow (24-96) hr Rapid (12-24) hr Yield Low (10 6 cells/ml) High (10 6 cells/ml) Control features Generation number Strain characteristics

15. Cell lines

16. Animal cell lines and products CELL LINE PRODUCT Human Tumor Angiogenic Factor Human Leucocytes Interferon Mouse fibroblasts Interferon Human Kidney Urokinase Duck Embryo Fluid Vaccines for Rabies & Rubella Human Kidney Cells Human Protein

17. Applications Screening of the anti cancerous drug Cell based bioassay To determine the cytotoxicity In vitro screening of several drugs Production of antiviral vaccines Cancer research , which required the study of uncontrolled cell division in cultures Cell fusion techniques Genetic manipulation Study of the effects of toxins & pollutants using cell lines Study of the function of nerve cells Chromosome analysis of cells derived from womb

18. References http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Cell_line http://www.aun.edu.eg/gembc/Liver%20cell%20culture/cell%20line%20lect.. pdf http://amrita.vlab.co.in/?sub=3&brch=188&sim=331&cnt=1 Yadav P. 1 , Yadav A. 1 , Yadav M. 2 , Jain S. 3 , Hariom Yadav 3 , Nagpal R. 4 et al. Basics of Cell Culture 1 Department of Animal Biotechnology, 3 Animal Biochemistry Division and 4 Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001 (Haryana), India; 2 SOS in Chemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior-474011, M.P., India