Cell organelles

Understanding the importance of special structures in a cell!

1. Role of Cell Organelles Prepared by Kalsoom Muhammad Saleem

2. Cell Organelle An organelle is a membrane-bound structure that carries out specific activities for the cell.

3. Cell Organelles Nucleus Nucleoli Mitochondria Ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus (Golgi body or Golgi Complex) Lysosomes Peroxisomes Secretory Vesicles Cell Cytoskeleton

4. Nucleus Control centre of cell containing DNA code in chromosomes Genes (DNA) control and promote reproduction of cell

5. Nucleoli Staining structures present in nucleus Site of transcription Assembles ribosomes

6. Mitochondria Power house of cell Contains oxidative enzymes on shelves and dissolved enzymes in matrix that work in association with each other to produce ATP Contains DNA and are self-replicating

7. Ribosomes Composed of mixtures of RNA and proteins They function in protein synthesis

8. Endoplasmic Reticulum Substances produced in some parts of cell entre ER and are transported to other parts of cell Machinery for major share of metabolic functions

9. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Synthesis of lipid substances Other processes of cells promoted by reticular enzymes

10. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Synthesis and packaging of proteins by process of protein generation, folding, transport and protein quality check

11. Golgi Apparatus Transport vesicles are pinched off from ER and attach to Golgi Apparatus Processed and converted into lysosomes , secretory vesicles and other cytoplasmic components in Golgi Apparatus

12. Lysosomes Provided with intracellular digestive system that allows cell to digest Damaged cellular structures Food particles that have been ingested by cell Unwanted matter Hydrolase enzyme hydrolysis organic compounds

13. Peroxisomes Oxidases combine Oxygen with Hydrogen and form Hydrogen peroxide which with catalase (enzyme) oxidise many substances which are otherwise poisonous

14. Secretory Vesicles Store protein proenzymes that are secreted into pancreatic duct and then to duodenum, where they digest food

15. Cell Cytoskeleton Made up of filaments and microtubules Filaments provide elastic support to cell membrane Microtubules provide rigid physical structures for cell

16. Questions are guaranteed in life, answers aren't…..!!!

17. Thank You