Cell parts

1. CELL PARTSCELL PARTS
IN THIS PRESENTATION, IN THIS PRESENTATION,
STUDENTS WILL LEARN STUDENTS WILL LEARN
ABOUT:ABOUT:
CELL ORGANELLES
CELL MEMBRANE
ANIMAL AND PLANT
CELLS

2. The NucleusThe Nucleus
The nucleus is the The nucleus is the
center of the cell, center of the cell,
kids! It acts as the kids! It acts as the
‘control room.’ It ‘control room.’ It
contains the DNA contains the DNA
that controls all of that controls all of
the cell’s functions. the cell’s functions.
The nucleus has a The nucleus has a
membrane with membrane with
pores, so that pores, so that
things can pass in things can pass in
and out of the and out of the
nucleus! nucleus!
This is a nucleus, kids!

3. Endoplasmic Endoplasmic
ReticulumReticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) is attached to the (ER) is attached to the
nucleus. It is an extensive nucleus. It is an extensive
membrane network divided membrane network divided
into two categories:into two categories:

Smooth ER
Rough ER

4. ROUGH ROUGH
ERER
The rough endoplasmic The rough endoplasmic
reticulum is ‘The reticulum is ‘The
Highway of the Cell.’ Highway of the Cell.’
Certain cellular Certain cellular
materials move down materials move down
the Rough ER, until the Rough ER, until
they are ready for their they are ready for their
specific functions. specific functions.
The rough ER got its name
from the ‘bumps’ created by
the ribosomes attached to it.
JOKE TIME!
What did the dog say to the cell?ROUGH…ER

5. Smooth ERSmooth ER
Characteristics :Characteristics :
•Does not have ribosomes attached to it, and
that’s why it’s called the ‘smooth ER!
•Functions are not related to finalizing
proteins

6. GOLGI APPARATUSGOLGI APPARATUS
The golgi apparatus is The golgi apparatus is
one of the coolest one of the coolest
organelles ever! It organelles ever! It
picks up the stuff that picks up the stuff that
leaves the ER, and leaves the ER, and
changes it even further. changes it even further.
Now the cellular Now the cellular
material is ready for the material is ready for the
cell.cell.

7. RibosomesRibosomes
The ribosome is very The ribosome is very
important to life. It important to life. It
is the only organelle is the only organelle
that is shared by that is shared by
ALL kinds of cells. ALL kinds of cells.
They are the site of They are the site of
the creation of the creation of
proteins; this is proteins; this is
where amino acids where amino acids
gather into long gather into long
protein chains.protein chains.

8. MitochondriaMitochondria
The mitochondrion of a cell is the ‘power house.’ this is where
all of the cell’s energy—ATP-- is generated! Some scientists
believe that, billions of years ago, mitochondria were a separate
organism. They even have their own DNA!!!!!!!!!!

9. LysosomesLysosomes
Lysosomes are very Lysosomes are very
important organelles as important organelles as
well. They are crucial well. They are crucial
to the digestion of to the digestion of
cellular ‘food.’ They are cellular ‘food.’ They are
sacs filled with enzymes sacs filled with enzymes
that break down stuff! that break down stuff!
They even help some They even help some
cells kill themselves!!!!cells kill themselves!!!!

10. The Cellular The Cellular
MembraneMembrane
The cell membrane is probably the most complex part of The cell membrane is probably the most complex part of
the cell. It is a very intricate and ever-changing ‘fluid the cell. It is a very intricate and ever-changing ‘fluid
mosaic’ of phospholipids, proteins, and other molecules. mosaic’ of phospholipids, proteins, and other molecules.
Sit back and enjoy the ride!Sit back and enjoy the ride!

11. The cell membrane is called ‘the fluid mosaic The cell membrane is called ‘the fluid mosaic
model’ because its components can move model’ because its components can move
around. It consists of 2 layers of around. It consists of 2 layers of
phospholipids with embedded proteins for phospholipids with embedded proteins for
transport of stuff—but we’ll get to that in a transport of stuff—but we’ll get to that in a
minute!minute!

12. Animal and Plant cells: A Animal and Plant cells: A
comparisoncomparison
This is an animal
cell. It differs from
a plant cell, because
it has no cell wall
and no chloroplasts.
It also has cilia for
movement. Notice
there is no large
central
vacuole…..hmmmm
……..

13. Animal and Plant cells: A Animal and Plant cells: A
comparisoncomparison
This is a plant
cell. Notice the
thick cell wall—
this is what gives
plants their
rigidity. It also
has a large
central vacuole,
for storage, kids!
We’ll get into
those a little
later….

14. Plant Cell StructurePlant Cell Structure
Specialized structures in Specialized structures in
plant cells onlyplant cells only

15. Chloroplasts!!!Chloroplasts!!!
Because plants need energy
too, they have to use the
sun to make the
carbohydrate that they
need. So, they use
chloroplasts!
Basically, sunlight hits a
green pigment called
Chlorophyll contained in the
thylakoids. They sunlight
triggers a reaction that
results in the production of
Glucose!

16. VacuolesVacuoles
Plants have large storage spaces
called vacuoles inside their cells.
They take up most of the space in the
cell, and they fill with water. A
happy plant has cells with filled
vacuoles. This is known as a turgid
state.

17. THE THE
ENDEND