Cellular espiration including aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Cellular respiration

1. Chapter 9Chapter 9
Cellular Cellular
RespirationRespiration

2. Major ConceptsMajor Concepts

Understand where an organism’s Understand where an organism’s
energy comes from.energy comes from.

Identify how cells store and release Identify how cells store and release
energy known as ATP.energy known as ATP.

Describe how cells obtain energy.Describe how cells obtain energy.

4. What is ATP??What is ATP??

The energy in our bodies takes the form The energy in our bodies takes the form
of a compound called: of a compound called:
- - AAdenosine denosine TTri-ri-PPhosphatehosphate

For short, we will call it For short, we will call it ATP…ATP…

When you use ATP,When you use ATP,

It turns into ADPIt turns into ADP

5. The Source of EnergyThe Source of Energy

GLUCOSEGLUCOSE is the primary source for all is the primary source for all
the energy in your body.the energy in your body.

YOU EAT……Your body breaks down the YOU EAT……Your body breaks down the
starches you eat into glucose, a simple starches you eat into glucose, a simple
sugar.sugar.

6. Two Kinds of RespirationTwo Kinds of Respiration

Cellular respiration can be done Cellular respiration can be done withwith or or
withoutwithout oxygen…oxygen…

Aerobic Respiration:Aerobic Respiration: requires oxygen requires oxygen

Anaerobic Respiration:Anaerobic Respiration: does not does not
require oxygenrequire oxygen

7. Anaerobic RespirationAnaerobic Respiration

Step #1:Step #1: Split the Glucose Split the Glucose up into two up into two
smaller molecules called smaller molecules called Pyruvic AcidsPyruvic Acids……
Pyruvic acid is a Pyruvic acid is a 3 Carbon 3 Carbon compoundcompound

If there is If there is nono oxygen available, one of oxygen available, one of
two things can happen to the pyruvic two things can happen to the pyruvic
acids…acids…

8. Fermentation – Two KindsFermentation – Two Kinds

Alcoholic Fermentation (Single celled/Plants)Alcoholic Fermentation (Single celled/Plants)

Making AlcoholMaking Alcohol

Bacteria/ Yeast cells do this…Bacteria/ Yeast cells do this…

Human Uses? Beer-making, Distilling, Brewing, etc…Human Uses? Beer-making, Distilling, Brewing, etc…

Lactic Acid Fermentation (Animals)Lactic Acid Fermentation (Animals)

Making Lactic AcidMaking Lactic Acid

Human cells do this… in their muscles with out oxygenHuman cells do this… in their muscles with out oxygen

Human Effects? Muscle fatigue after weight-lifting or running…Human Effects? Muscle fatigue after weight-lifting or running…

FEEL THE BURN!!!!FEEL THE BURN!!!!

9. This is what it looks likeThis is what it looks like

10. Aerobic RespirationAerobic Respiration
What happens if there is OWhat happens if there is O
2 2 ????

Respiration Respiration usingusing oxygen is a oxygen is a 3 Step 3 Step
Process…Process…

The good thing is, you get The good thing is, you get almost 20xalmost 20x
more energy than anaerobic…more energy than anaerobic…

11. Equation for Cellular Equation for Cellular
Respiration:Respiration:
C
6H
1
2O
6 + O
2
C
O
2 + H
2O
+ E
n
e
rg
y



re
a
c
ta
n
ts
p
ro
d
u
c
ts
(A
T
P
)
E
n
z
y
m
e
s

12. Step #1 - GlycolysisStep #1 - Glycolysis

GlycolysisGlycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm occurs in the cytoplasm

It requires It requires splitting glucosesplitting glucose into 2 into 2
Pyruvic Acids…just like fermentationPyruvic Acids…just like fermentation

By doing this, you get By doing this, you get 2 ATP 2 ATP moleculesmolecules

13. Step #2-The Krebs CycleStep #2-The Krebs Cycle

Pyruvic acid is changed into 2 ATPSPyruvic acid is changed into 2 ATPS

A.K.A-A.K.A-

Citric Acid CycleCitric Acid Cycle

14. Step #3 – Electron Transport Step #3 – Electron Transport
ChainChain

Hydrogen ions from pyruvic acid are Hydrogen ions from pyruvic acid are
bounced around inside the bounced around inside the
mitochondria…like a mitochondria…like a chain reactionchain reaction or a or a
relay race…relay race…

32 ATP’s32 ATP’s are made by the end of the are made by the end of the
chain reaction…chain reaction…

15. Step #3: The Electron Transport Step #3: The Electron Transport
ChainChain

16. The Grand FinaleThe Grand Finale

Adding it all up:Adding it all up:

ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION:ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION:

Yields ONLY 4 molecules of ATP per 1 Yields ONLY 4 molecules of ATP per 1
molecule of Glucose molecule of Glucose 

17. 
AEROBIC RESPIRATIONAEROBIC RESPIRATION

GlycolysisGlycolysis = 2 ATP’s = 2 ATP’s

Krebs Cycle Krebs Cycle == 2 ATP’s2 ATP’s

Electron Transport ChainElectron Transport Chain = 32 ATP’s = 32 ATP’s

TOTAL = 36 ATP’s TOTAL = 36 ATP’s for everyfor every Glucose! Glucose! 

18. The Net ReactionThe Net Reaction
CC
66HH
1212OO
66 + O + O
22 -----> CO -----> CO
22 + H + H
22O + O + 36ATP36ATP