cellulitis.ppt

it is very good presentation

1. CELLULITIS
•Is a skin infection that develops as a result of
bacterial entry via breaches in the skin barrier
•Most common causes are;
-staphylococcal infections
-group A beta hemolyticstrep infections
Methicillin resistant staph aureus[MRSA]common
and resistant

2. •The bacteria can enter the body through;
-incisions due to recent surgeries
-cuts,puncturewounds,ulcers
-athlete’s foot,dematitis
-insect bites
-dry,flakyor swollen skin

3. Risk factors
•Trauma
•Underlying skin lesion or ulcer
•Skin conditions eg eczema,c.pox,shingles,athlete’s foot
•Neoplasms
•Extremity stasis or edema
•Immunocompromised state eg DM,HIV
•Hx of cellulitis
•IV drug use
•obesity

4. symptoms
•Area infected becomes inflammed
-has local tenderness
-is painful
-appears very red and feels hot
-red spots ,blisters and skin dimpling
may occur
Associated symptoms include;
-malaise,feverand chills

5. Signs
•Erythema,warmth,edema
•Erythematous plaque usually tender to
painful to touch without a sharply
demarcated border and,may cover a small
to large area of skin
•Fever and lymphadenopathy frequent

6. complications
•Necrotizing fasciitis-deep layer/fascial
lining infection
•Thrombophlebitis in older patients
•Damage to lymphatic drainage system
causing chronic swelling of affected limb

7. Diagnostic tests
-Based mostly on clinical manifestations
-CBC
•Blood cultures if there’s extensive or
systemic symptoms
•Take needle aspiration samples or punch
biopsies for culture and sensitivity in
patients with extensive infection
•Radiography to exclude occult abscess
and osteomyelitis

8. PLAN
•Tetanus prophylaxis
•Immobilisation and elevation of affected limb-decreases
swelling
•Clean wound site i.e through irrigation debridement,I and
D for purulent cellulitis
•Compress area to localize infection
•Administer antibiotics orally or IV for 10 days.IV for
patients with extensive soft tissue involvement,fever or
other signs of systemic involvement
•Immunocompromised pts eg those with DM also require
IV antibiotics

9. •Prevention of recurrent cellulitis
-reduce peripheral edema[support
stockings]
-good skin hygiene
-prophylactic antibiotics-not efficient if
there is an underlying predisposing condition

10. Ddx
•Vascular conditions eg superficial
thrombophlebitis ,DVT
•Dermatologic eg contact
dermatitis,bites,drug rxn
•Rheumatologic eg gouty arthritis