cerebrum ,corpus callosum, basal nuclei .pptx

Cerebrum anatomy and corpus callosum, basal nuclei

1. Cerebrum Made by :- Sahil Rajput Guide by b.i . Shah sir M.B. Gohil Institute of Medical Science & Research Center

2. ANITA RAJPUT Page 0 2 Objectives Describe sulci and gyri Of cerebrum. Describe Sulci and gyri of frontal, parietal , temporal and Occipital lobes. Functions of area of cerebrum. Bodmanns area Corpus callosum Basal nuclei

3. ANITA RAJPUT Page 0 3 Introduction Cerebrum is the largest part of brain. It is composed of two cerebral hemisphere ( Right & left ) The 2 hemisphere are partially seperated by medial longitudinal fissure. The surface of hemisphere are covered by grey mater known as cerebral cortex.

4. The surface of cerebral hemisphere has elevated folds called gyri seperated by depression called sulci. Within the white matter are masses of grey matter called basal ganglion nuclei. Each hemisphere has fluid filled cavity called ventricles filled with CSF. Is the origination of conscious thought processes, intellectual functions, memory storage and retrieval, and complex motor patterns.

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6. Sahil RAJPUT Page 0 6

7. ANITA RAJPUT Page 0 7

8. Cerebral hemisphere Three Surfaces Superolateral surface Medial surface Inferior surface Four borders Superomedial border Inferolateral border Medial orbital border Medial occipital borders Three poles Frontal pole Occipital pole Temporal pole Four lobes Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Temporal lobe

9. Main Sulci Central sulci :- divides frontal and parietal lobe lateral sulci :- divides frontal and parietal lobe from temporal lobe Prieto – occipital sulci :- present between parietal and occipital lobe

10. Sulci and gyri on Superolateral surface :- Frontal lobe : - location… intro. It occupies area Anterior to Central sulcus and superior to lateral sulcus Divided by three sulci into four gyri . The precentral sulcus runs parallel to central sulcus , & precentral gyri lies between them. Extending anteriorly from precentral sulcus are superior and inferior frontal sulci. Superior frontal gyri lies superior to superior frontal sulcus, the middle frontal gyri lies between the superior and inferior frontal sulci , and the inferior frontal gyri lies inferior to the inferior frontal sulcus.

11. Lateral sulcus The lateral sulcus is found on the inferior and lateral surfaces of the cerebral hemisphere. It divides into three Rami Anterior horizontal ramus , Anterior ascending ramus & posterior ramus.

12. Frontal lobe functional area of cerebral cortex Primary Motor Area ( Area 4 ) It is located in the precentral gyrus , including the anterior wall of central sulcus, and in the anterior part of paracentral lobule on the medial surface of cerebral hemisphere. The primary Motor Area initiates and controls voluntary moments of the opposite side of the body. Motor and sensory function overlap in several areas of the cortex. Premotor Area ( Area 6 ) Location: posterior part of superior, middle and inferior frontal gyri. It controls extrapyramidal system

13. Parietal lobe

14. Sensory association Area 5,7 Location between sensory and visual areas Stereognosis and sensory speech Effect: sensory aphasia Occipital lobe

15. Corpus callosum

16. Basal nuclei ( ganglia )

17. Thank you