Cervical biopsy

Cervix Anatomy
Lowermost part of uterus
Cylindrical shape
Diameter and length are 2.5 cm.
Parts Supravaginal
Infravaginal
Extends from histological internal os to anatomical external os.
Nulliparous - Pin hole cervix
Parous - Bilateral slit
Cervical Biopsy
Punch Biopsy


Wedge Biopsy
Ring Biopsy
Whole of squamo-columnar junction area of the cervix is excised with a special knife.
The tissue is subjected to serial section to detect cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or early invasive carcinoma.
Cone Biopsy - Conization

Complications
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1. Cervical Biopsy Dr. Yashika

2. Cervix Anatomy Lowermost part of uterus Cylindrical shape Diameter and length are 2.5 cm. Parts Supravaginal Infravaginal Extends from histological internal os to anatomical external os . Nulliparous - Pin hole cervix Parous - Bilateral slit

3. Cervical Biopsy Removal of a small sample of tissue f rom the cervix for examination under microscope; used for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer and precancerous conditions. Types: Punch Biopsy Wedge Biopsy Ring Biopsy Cone Biopsy Surface Biopsy

4. Punch Biopsy An out patient procedure without anesthesia . Using Cusco’s Bivalve Speculum biopsy is taken from the suspected area or a 4-quadrant using Punch Biopsy forceps . It can be also Colposcopic directed or stained with Schiller’s iodine or Acetic acid.

5. Iodine staining revealing saffron- colored abnormal area. Acetowhite lesion after washing with acetic acid.

6. Wedge Biopsy It is done when definite growth is visible . An area near the edge is the ideal site . Steps: Posterior vaginal speculum is introduced. Anterior and the posterior lip of the cervix is held by Alley’s forceps. With a scalpel, a wedge of tissues is cut from the edge of the lesion including the healthy tissue for comparative histological study.

7. Ring Biopsy Whole of squamo-columnar junction area of the cervix is excised with a special knife. The tissue is subjected to serial section to detect cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN ) or early invasive carcinoma.

8. Cone Biopsy - Conization Both diagnostic and therapeutic purpose Removal of cone of the cervix which includes entire s quamocolumnar junction, stroma with glands and endocervical mucous membrane. Methods: Cold knife, CO₂ laser, Laser diathermy loop

9. Indication: Unsatisfactory Colposcopic findings . In c onsi s t e n t f i nd i ng s : Co l pos c op i c , C y t ology and directed biopsy . Positive endocervical curettage for CIN II and III . When biopsy cannot rule out invasive cancer from carcinoma in-situ . Biopsy shows microinvasion – to exclude gross invasive carcinoma .

10. Complications Secondary h emorrhage . Cervical stenosis leading to h aematometra . Infertility . Diminished cervical mucus . Cervical incompetence leading to recurrent miscarriage .

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