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1. CHAPTER 11 RIZAL’S FIRST HOMECOMING (1887-1888)

2. Rizal was warned by Paciano (his brother), Silvestre Ubaldo ( his brother-in-law), Chengoy ( Jose M. Cecilio ) and other friends not to return home. July 29, 1887 - Rizal wrote to his father, announcing his homecoming, “On the 15 th of July, I shall embark for our country, so that from the 15 th to the 30 th of August, we shall see each other.” DECISION TO RETURN HOME

3. Rizal was warned by Paciano (his brother), Silvestre Ubaldo ( his brother-in-law), Chengoy ( Jose M. Cecilio ) and other friends not to return home. July 29, 1887 - Rizal wrote to his father, announcing his homecoming, “On the 15 th of July, I shall embark for our country, so that from the 15 th to the 30 th of August, we shall see each other.”

4. Rizal was determined to come back to the Philippines for the following reasons: To operate his mother’s eyes To serve his people who had long been oppressed by Spanish tyrants. To find out for himself how the Noli Me Tangere and his other writings were affecting Filipinos and Spaniards. To inquire why Leonor Rivera remained silent.

5. Rizal left Rome by train for Marseilles, a French port. July 3,1887 - he boarded the steamer Djemnah the same steamer which brought him to Europe. DELIGHTFUL TRIP TO MANILA

6. There were 50 passengers: 4 Englishmen, 2 German, 3 Chinese, 2 Japanese, many Frenchmen and 1 Filipino (Rizal) Rizal acted as an interpreter for his companions. The steamer enroute to the orient via the Suez Canal. He played chess with fellow passengers and engaged in lively conversation. After leaving Aden, the weather became rough and some of Rizals books got wet.

7. July 30, 1887 at Saigon, Rizal transferred to another steamer, called Haiphong which was Manila-bounded. August 2, 1887 – Haiphong left Saigon for Manila

8. August 3, 1887 - the moon was full and Rizal slept soundly the whole night. The calm sea, illuminated by the silvery moonlight, was a magnificent sight to him August 5, 1887 - the Haiphong arrived in Manila. ARRIVAL IN MANILA

9. August 8, 1887 - Rizal returned to Calamba his family welcomes affectionately, with plentiful tears of joy. “ I had a pleasant voyage, I found my family enjoying good health and our happiness was great in seeing each other again. They shed tears of joy and I had to answer ten thousand questions at the same time.” HAPPY HOMECOMING

10. When Rizal arrived in Calamba, rumors spread that he was a: German spy An agent of Otto Von Bismarck- the liberator of Germany A Protestant A mason A soul halfway to damnation Paciano - did not leave him during the first days after arrival to protect him from enemy assault. Don Francisco – did not permit him to go out alone.

11. In Calamba , Rizal established a medical clinic. Doña Teodora - His first patient, who was almost blind. He painted several beautiful landscapes in Calamba. He translated German poems of Von Wildernath in Tagalog.

12. Rizal, who come to be called “ Doctor Uliman ” He earned P900 in a few months and P5000 before he left Rizal opened a gymnasium for young folks, where he introduced European sports. He tried to interest his townmates in: gymnastics , fencing and shooting to discourage the cockfights and gambling .

13. Leonor Rivera - Rizal tried to visit her in Dagupan but his parents forbade him to go because Leonor’s mother did not like him for a son-in-law. Olympia Mercado- Ubaldo - dies because of child birth. SAD MOMENTS WHILE RIZAL WAS IN CALAMBA

14. As Rizal was peacefully living in Calamba , his enemies plotted his doom. Governor General Emilio Terrero wrote to Rizal requesting to come to Malacañang palace. somebody had whispered to his ear that the noli contains subversive ideas. STORM OVER THE NOLI ME TANGERE

15. Rizal explained to him that he merely exposed the truth, but did not advocate subversive ideas. he was pleased by Rizal’s explanation and curious about the book, he asked for a copy of the novel. Rizal had no copy that time but promised to send one for him.

16. Rizal visited the Jesuits fathers to ask for their feedback on the novel. He was gladly welcomed by the following friars: Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez Fr. Jose Bech Fr. Federico Faura - told Rizal that everything in the novel was the truth and warned him that he may lose his head because of it. RIZAL VISITED THE JESUITS FATHER

17. Governor-General Emilio Terrero - A liberal minded Spaniard who knew that Rizal’s life was in jeopardy because the friars were powerful. Because of this he gave Rizal a bodyguard to protect him.

18. A young Spanish lieutenant who came from a noble family. He was cultured and knew painting. He could speak French, English and Spanish. They became good friends. Don Jose Taviel de Andrade

19. Archbishop Pedro Payo - A Dominican Archbishop of Manila. Sent a copy of the Noli to Fr. Rector Gregorio Echevarria , in the University of Santo Tomas to examine the novel. ATTACKERS OF NOLI

20. The committee that examines the Noli Me Tangere were composed of Dominican professors. The report of the faculty members from UST about the Noli states that the novel was: “ heretical , impious and scandalous in the religious orders , injurious to the government of Spain and and its function in the Philippine Islands in the political order.” UST AND RIZAL

21. Governor-General Terrero was dissatisfied with the report so he sent the novel to the Permanent Commission of Censorship which was composed of priests and laymen. Fr. Salvador Font – Augustinian friar cura of Tondo and was the head of the commission. The group found that the novel contain subversive ideas against the Church and Spain and recommended that the importation , reproduction and circulation of the perricious book in the islands be absolutely prohibited.

22. The newspaper publishes font’s written report The banning of the Noli Me Tangere served to make it popular The masses supported the book.

23. Fr Jose Rodriguez – Augustinian Prior of Guadalupe Publishes a series of eight pamphlets under the heading questions of supreme interest to blast the Noli and other anti-Spanish writing. Copies of anti-Rizal pamphlets were sold after mass Many Filipinos were forced to buy them in order not to displease the friars.

24. The novel was fiercely attacked in the session hall of the senate of the Spanish cortes. Senators: General Jose de Salamanca General Luis de Panado Sr. Fernando Vida Vicente Barrantes – Spanish academician of Madrid who formerly occupied high government position in the Philippines bitterly criticised the novel in an article published in the Madrid newspaper, La España Moderna . NOLI ME TANGERE IN SPAIN

25. Propagandists such as Marcelo H. Del Pilar , Graciano Lopez-Jaena , Antonio Ma. Regidor , Mariano Ponce rushed to uphold the truths of the Noli . Father Francisco de Paul Sanchez – Rizal’s favourite teacher in ateneo defended and praised the novel in public. Don Segismundo Moret - former Minister of the crown. Prof. Miguel Morayta - historian and statesman Prof. Ferdinand Blumentritt – Rizal’s bestfriend . DEFENDERS OF NOLI ME TANGERE

26. Rev. Fr. Vicente Garcia - A Filipino catholic priest scholar, a theologian of the Manila Cathedral and a Tagalog translator of the famous imitation of Christ by Thomas Kempis. Under the pen name Justo Desiderio Magalang , he wrote a defence of the novel published in Singapore. Rizal tried because of his gratitude to his defenders especially to Fr. Garcia who defended him unexpectedly.

27. He attacked Barrantes by exposing his ignorance of Philippine affairs and mental dishonesty Which is unworthy of an academician. Because of the interest of both enemies and protectors of the Noli the price of the book increased from five pesetas per copy to 50 pesetas per copy.

28. Influenced by the novel, Governor- General Emilio Terrero ordered a government investigation of the friar estates to remedy whatever inequities might have been present in connection with land taxes and with tenant relations. One of the friar estates affected was the Calamba hacienda by the Dominican order since 1883. Upon hearing about the investigation, the people of Calamba asked helped from Rizal to gather the facts and lists he grievances so the the government might institute certain agrarian reforms. CALAMBA’S AGRARIAN TROUBLE

29. The hacienda of the Dominican order comprised not only the lands around Calamba, but whole town in Calamba . The profits is the Dominican order continually increases because of the arbitrary increase of the rentals paid by the tenants. The hacienda owner never contributed a single centavo for the celebration of the town fiesta, for the education of the children, and for the improvement of agriculture. FINDINGS SUBMITTED BY RIZAL

30. Tenants who spent much labour in cleaning lands were dispossessed of the said lands for flimsy reasons. High rates of interest were arbitrarily charged the tenants for delayed payment of rentals. When the rentals couldn’t be paid, the hacienda management confiscated the work such as; animals, tools, and farm implements of the tenants. FINDINGS SUBMITTED BY RIZAL

31. Rizal’s exposure to the deplorable condition angered the friars. The friars exerted pressure to Malacañang to eliminate Rizal. They asked Gov. Gen. Terrero to deport Rizal but the latter refuses for there is lack of charges against Rizal in court. Anonymous threats in Rizal’s life alarmed his parents. Siblings, Andrade his body guard, friends, and even Terrero , thus they all advised him to leave the country. FAREWELL TO CALAMBA

32. His presence in Calamba was jeopardizing the safety and happiness of his family and friends. He could fight better his enemies and serve his country’s cause with greater efficacy by writing in foreign countries. RIZAL’S REASON FOR LEAVING THE PHILIPPINES

33. A Poem for Lipa - shortly before rizal left in 1888, he was asked by a friends to write a poem in commemoration is the town’s cityhood. Himno Al Trabajo (hymn to labor ) is the poem dedicated to the industrious people of Lipa . HIMNO AL TRABAJO

34. On February 3, 1888 , Rizal left his country with a heavy heart. But this is for own good and the safety of his family and friends. FAREWELL PHILIPPINES