Chap 3 Puberty among adolescene the importance

Importance Of Puberty among adolescene.

1. TOPIC 3
PUBERTY, HEALTH AND
BODY IMAGE

2. Definition of puberty
•Pubertas – Latin word for “adult”
•Narrow definition: The process by
which an individual becomes
capable of reproduction.
–The activation of the HPG/HPA axis
•Broad definition: The physical,
psychological, and cultural changes
that occur as the growing child
transitions into adulthood.

3. Time Periods of Adolescent
•Adolescence is a unique developmental period
–it keeps changing!
•Early adolescence – 11 to 13 years old
–Continues to be pushed earlier (9-10…)
•Middle adolescence – 14 to 17 years old
•Late adolescence (early adulthood) – 18 to 20
years old
–Continues to be pushed later (21-24…)

4. Physical Changes…
Primary sex characteristics
•The body organs and reproductive structures and
functions that differ between women and men.
•Gonads (testes and ovaries)
Secondary sex characteristics
•Characteristics of the body that are caused by hormones,
develop during puberty, and last through adult life.
•Changes in genitals/breasts/voice
•Pubic/body/facial hair

8. 3.2.2 Changes in Nervous and
Endocrine Systems

12. 3.2.3 CHANGES IN BODY COMPOSITION AND
DISTRIBUTION OF FAT AND MUSCLE
Rapid acceleration of physical growth
•Adolescent growth spurt
•3.5 (girls) to 4.0 (boys) inches/year
•½ adult weight gained during adolescence
Changes in body composition
•3:1 muscle to body fat ratio for boys
•5:4 for girls
•Emergence of sex differences in physical
performance
Changes in circulatory and respiratory systems
•Increase in size/capacity of heart and lungs

13. 3.2.4 ACCELERATION OF SKELETAL GROWTH
•
Girls at the age between 10 to 13 years will be more taller
than boys their age.
•Skeletal growth will be more earlier to girls compare to boys
because girls pubertal growth and skeletal growth much more
advance than boys at early age.
•Skeletal growth influence by sex hormones.

14. 3.3 PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO PUBERTY
• Psychological Response to Menarch and Spermach
 Response on menarch and spermach depends on certain culture where they will
celebrate this as a speectacular ceremony.
•Emotional Changes
Hormone changes in early stages will make teenagers angry, depressed and
irritable.
Its because they feel uneasy with their body changes ( face agne, body fat and etc.)
Failure for teenagers to adapt this changes will make them ending in depressive
disorder.
• Body image
 It focus on physical appearance.
 Its not correlate with your actual image but u will imagine to have perfect
appearance.
 Girls will have this problem.

15. • Distortion on body image may cause psychiatric disorders such as:
1. Anorexia Nervosa
 This problem occurs those who are underweight.
 They are afraid that they will be over weight and become fat.
 They have distortion body image perception.
 They will choose to eat their meal, induce vomiting or exercise excessively.
2. Bulimia Nervosa
 Similar to anorexia nervosa but bulimia have episodes of eating.
After they eat, they will fast, excessive exercise or self induced vomiting.
3. Body Dysmorphic Disorder
 Minor image physical flaws such as acne, marks, pimple and pale skin.
 Spend lots of time checking your skin, compare with others, hiding, excessively
grooming and seeking assurance with others how u look like.

16. 3.4 MEDICAL PROBLEMS RELATED TO PUBERTY
1. Precocious Puberty
•It occurs during early puberty, where they will develop hormone changes early.
•Physical changes wont be same with their age.
•Reasons because changes in their brain, genetic problem or certain tumors that
release hormones.
2. Delayed Puberty
• It happens to those:
•active in sports because imbalance body composition.
•Medical problem can cause delay puberty such as diabetics, cystics fibrosis,
kidney disease or even asthma.
•Malnutrition children may face this problem due to lack of nutrients.
• Thyroid glands because problems with chromosomes such as Turner Syndrome or
Klinefelter Syndrome.