CHAPTER 1 - Intorduction to Research.pptx

Introduction to Research is the study of systematic inquiry aimed at discovering new knowledge, verifying facts, and solving problems through careful collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. Unlike ordinary information gathering, research follows scientific methods to ensure that findings are reliable, valid, and objective. It plays a vital role in education, science, technology, and society by providing evidence-based solutions, supporting decision-making, and fostering innovation. Through research, individuals develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills while contributing to the advancement of knowledge and the improvement of practices in various fields.

1. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH

2. MEANING OF RESEARCH Research is a systematic process of inquiry that involves the collection, organization, and analysis of data to increase understanding of a phenomenon or to solve a problem. The term is derived from the French word recherche, meaning “to search closely.” Unlike ordinary information gathering, research follows scientific procedures to ensure reliability and validity.

3. OBJECTIVES/PURPOSES OF RESEARCH The main purposes of research are to: Discover new knowledge or verify existing knowledge. Provide solutions to practical problems. Support decision-making through evidence. Develop or refine theories. Contribute to innovation and societal progress.

4. SCIENTIFIC BASE OF RESEARCH Research is grounded on scientific principles, meaning it must be systematic, logical, and based on empirical evidence. It involves observation, experimentation, and analysis, ensuring that findings are objective and can be replicated.

5. CRITERIA OF A GOOD RESEARCH A good research must be: Clear – has well-defined objectives. Systematic – follows a structured process. Empirical – based on observable evidence. Logical – conclusions are supported by data. Replicable – results can be verified by others. Ethical – adheres to moral and professional standards.

6. CLASSIFICATION OF RESEARCH Research can be classified into: According to Purpose: Basic (pure) vs. Applied. According to Method: Quantitative vs. Qualitative. According to Nature: Descriptive, Analytical, Exploratory, Explanatory, Experimental, etc.

7. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH Research is significant because it: Advances knowledge and technology. Provides solutions to pressing issues. Helps policymakers in decision-making. Improves practices in education, business, medicine, and other fields. Develops critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

8. SCOPE OF RESEARCH The scope of research refers to its boundaries and limitations. It includes the subject area, population, time frame, and focus of the study. Defining the scope ensures that the study is feasible, manageable, and aligned with its objectives. Steps in Conducting a Research The research process generally involves the following steps: Identifying the research problem. Reviewing related literature. Formulating objectives and hypotheses. Designing the research methodology. Collecting data. Analyzing and interpreting data. Drawing conclusions and making recommendations. Writing and presenting the report.

9. PHASES OF RESEARCH Research can be divided into three major phases: Planning Phase: Problem identification, review of literature, and design of the study. Implementation Phase: Data collection and analysis. Dissemination Phase: Interpretation, conclusion, recommendations, and reporting.

10. RESEARCH METHOD/TECHNIQUE VERSUS METHODOLOGY Research Method/Technique refers to the specific tools or procedures used to collect and analyze data (e.g., surveys, experiments, interviews). Research Methodology is the overall strategy and rationale that guides the choice and application of methods. It explains why certain methods are used and how they address the research objectives.