Chapter 1 Intro to Fitness

1. Introduction to FitnessIntroduction to Fitness
Chapter 1

2. Wellness ContinuumWellness Continuum

3. Wellness: The New Health GoalWellness: The New Health Goal
Wellness= optimal health and vitality
Dimensions of Wellness
Physical Wellness
Intellectual Wellness
Spiritual Wellness
Interpersonal and Social Wellness
Environmental and Planetary Wellness

4. New Opportunities, New New Opportunities, New
ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities
Infectious diseases, caused by invading
microorganisms, were leading causes of
death a century ago.
Chronic diseases, caused by a variety of
lifestyle and other factors, are the leading
causes of death today.

5. Leading Causes of Death OverallLeading Causes of Death Overall
Heart Disease
Cancer
Stroke
Chronis lower respiratory diseases
(emphysema, chronic bronchitis)
Unintentional injuries (accidents)
Diabetes

6. Leading Causes of Death by Age Leading Causes of Death by Age
(these are only immediate causes)(these are only immediate causes)
Ages 15-24
Unintentional Injuries
Homicide
Suicide
Cancer
Heart Disease
Congenital Defects
HIV/AIDS
Ages 25-44
Unintentional Injuries
Cancer
Heart Disease
Suicide
HIV/AIDS
Homicide
Chronic Liver Disease

7. Behaviors That Contribute to Behaviors That Contribute to
WellnessWellness
Be physically active
Choose a healthy diet
Maintain a healthy body weight
Manage stress effectively
Avoid tobacco and drug use and limit
alcohol consumption
Protect yourself from disease and injury

8. Actual Causes of Death in the Actual Causes of Death in the
United States United States (deaths per year)(deaths per year)
Smoking 435,000
Diet and inactivity 400,000
Alcohol 65,000
Microbial agents 75,000
Toxic agents 55,000
Motor vehicles 43,000
Firearms 29,000
Sexual behavior 20,000
Illicit drug use 17,000

9. Public Health AchievementsPublic Health Achievements

10. Physical Activity and Exercise for Physical Activity and Exercise for
Health and FitnessHealth and Fitness
Physical activity levels have declined
Healthy People 2010:
More than 55% of U.S. adults do not engage in
recommended amounts of activity
25% are not active at all

11. Physical Activity on a ContinuumPhysical Activity on a Continuum
Physical activity = any body movement carried
out by the skeletal muscles and requiring energy
Exercise = planned, structured, repetitive
movement of the body designed to improve or
maintain physical fitness
Physical Fitness = a set of physical attributes that
allows the body to respond to the demands and
stress of physical effort (“fit for what”?)

12. Lifestyle Physical ActivityLifestyle Physical Activity
For health promotion:
Expend about 150 calories—equivalent to 30
minutes of brisk walking—on most days
For health promotion and weight
management:
Engage in 45-60 or more minutes of activity on
most days

13. Health-Related Components of Health-Related Components of
Physical FitnessPhysical Fitness
Health-related fitness = physical capacities
that contribute to health
Five components:
1. Cardiorespiratory endurance = the ability of
the body to perform prolonged, large-muscle,
dynamic exercise at moderate-to-high levels of
intensity. Example: running

14. Health-Related Components of Health-Related Components of
Physical FitnessPhysical Fitness
2. Muscular Strength = the amount of force a
muscle can produce with a single maximum
effort. E.g. leg press of 50 lbs
3. Muscular endurance = The ability of a
muscle or group of muscles to remain
contracted or to contract repeatedly. E.g. 30
bicep curls using 3 lbs dumbbells
4. Flexibility = the ability to move joints through
their full range of motion
5. Body composition = the proportion of fat
and fat-free mass (muscle, bone, and water)
in the body (Body fat %, BMI)

15. Skill-Related Components of Skill-Related Components of
Fitness (mostly sport-specific)Fitness (mostly sport-specific)
Speed e.g. sprinting
Power e.g. high jumping
Agility e.g. soccer dribbling around players
Balance e.g. static or dynamic
Coordination e.g. eye-hand coordination
Reaction Time e.g. start from a jumping
block in swimming