chapter 2. heredity . . . . .pptx

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1. HEREDITY ( INHERITANCE AND VARIATION) Mr. Jeymar A. Payumo

2. HEREDITY Heredity (or inheritance) refers to the passing of traits from parent to offspring. Since parents may have different genes, only certain genes are passed on from one parent to the offspring. This recombination of genetic material results in variation of offsprings .

3. GENE The gene is the functional unit of heredity. These genes are located in structures called chromosomes located in the cell.

4. GENE In order to pass on traits from a parent to an offspring, the genes must be passed on. Genes refer to genetic information which are found in the chromosomes.

5. CHROMOSOMES -Chromosomes are thread-like structures which are repackaged form of the genetic material visible under the microscope. -A chromosome is made up of deoxyribonucleic acid which is packed together.

6. DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is made up of two strands. DNA resembles a helical structure and is described as a double helix.

7. CHARGAFF’S RULE The nitrogenous base cytosine pairs up with guanine while adenine pairs up with thymine. Hence, it is possible to obtain the nitrogenous bases of a complementary strand from the DNA strand.