Chapter 2 - Troubleshooting PC Hardware Sesi 1 2024-2025 - update.pptx

Chapter 2 - Troubleshooting PC Hardware Sesi 1 2024-2025 - update

1. Chapter 2: Troubleshooting PC Hardware

2. Learning Outcome Understand troubleshooting methodology Understand BIOS/UEFI Understand power issue and display issue

3. Troubleshooting Methodology

4. Troubleshooting Process Steps Introduction to Troubleshooting Troubleshooting requires an organized and logical approach to problems with computers and other components. Troubleshooting is a skill refined over time. Before you begin troubleshooting problems, always follow the necessary precautions to protect data on a computer.

5. Troubleshooting Process Steps

6. Troubleshooting Process Steps Identify the Problem

7. Troubleshooting Process Steps Identify the Problem

8. Troubleshooting Process Steps Establish a Theory of Probable Cause

9. Troubleshooting Process Steps Test the Theory to Determine the Cause

10. Troubleshooting Process Steps Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Implement the Solution

11. Troubleshooting Process Steps Verify Full Functionality and, If Applicable, Implement Preventive Measures

12. Troubleshooting Process Steps Document Findings, Actions, and Outcomes

13. BIOS/UEFI

14. Boot Computer for the First Time Identify bit code. POST (Power On Self Test) checks to see that all the hardware in the computer is operating correctly. If a device is malfunctioning, an error or a beep code alerts the technician that there is a problem. Typically, a single beep denotes that the computer is functioning properly. If there is a hardware problem, the computer may emit a series of beeps. POST test

15. SYSTEM FIRMWARE Firmware is specialized software stored in memory chips that store information whether the computer power is on or off. It is most often written on an electronically reprogrammable chip so that it can be updated with a special program to fix any errors that might be discovered after a computer is purchased, or to support updated hardware components. System firmware provides low-level code to allow the computer components to be initialized and load the main operating system software. System settings can be configured via the system firmware setup program. This may also be referred to as CMOS setup, BIOS setup, or UEFI setup .

16. SYSTEM FIRMWARE The key combination used will vary from system to system; typical examples are Esc, Del, F1, F2, or F10. The PC’s documentation will explain how to access the setup program; often a message with the required key is displayed when you boot the PC.

17. Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) For many years, the system firmware for a PC was called the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System). BIOS provides the industry standard program code that initializes the essential components of the PC and ensures that the design of each manufacturer's motherboard is PC compatible. The BIOS contains a setup program to configure settings for the hardware devices. The configuration data is saved to a memory chip called a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS). The CMOS battery in these systems is used only to keep the correct time and date in the clock. Configuration settings in the BIOS are not lost when the battery dies or is removed.

18. Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)

19. Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)

20. Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) Newer motherboards may use a different kind of firmware called Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) . UEFI provides support for 64-bit CPU operation at boot , a full GUI and mouse operation at boot, networking functionality at boot, and better boot security. A computer with UEFI may also support booting in a legacy BIOS mode.

21. Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)

22. BIOS/UEFI CONFIGURATION / FUNCTION Configure CPU Features RAM Enable/Disable boot-time memory Configure multi-channel memory mode Power Management Enabling Windows Shut Down routine to power off the computer Power saving modes Hibernation Configure Time and Date Configure Boot Sequence / Boot Device Priority Interface Configuration Settings enabling/disabling and configuring s USB, network adapter, graphics adapter, and sound adapter. Security Settings Configure clock speed (overclocking)

23. BIOS/UEFI CONFIGURATION

24. BIOS/UEFI CONFIGURATION

25. BIOS/UEFI CONFIGURATION

26. BIOS/UEFI CONFIGURATION

27. BIOS/UEFI CONFIGURATION

28. BIOS/UEFI CONFIGURATION

29. BIOS/UEFI CONFIGURATION

30. Power Issues & Display Issue

31. Power Issues Battery Issue - inserted correctly and seated properly, clean using alcohol or dry cloth. Short battery life As batteries age, the maximum charge they can sustain decreases. Swollen batteries caused by overcharging AC power issues a battery not charging slow performance devices not functioning error messages spontaneous rebooting. Overheating compact size and integrated design dust trapped

32. Display Issue Problem with a built-in display display flickering image is very dim problem with the backlight or inverter Problem with a touch screen Not responsive Doesn’t act as expected Problems with an external display No image Wrong image Image is too large or too small

33. Thank You 