Character Traits English Language Arts Presentation in Colorful Lined Style.pptx

english major

1. Morality and the Foundational Moral Principle

2. Introduction This lesson will provide you some concepts about morality and its existence. It also gives you a discussion on the foundational moral principles from different perspectives. Specifically, you will find in this lesson how these principles are viewed by Christians, Islam, and Buddhists. In the end, you will find yourself mapping out the difference of these foundational moral principles.

3. ABSTRACTION What is Morality? Many authors defined morality as simply referring to a “code of conduct put forward by an actual group, including a society” (Standford, 2002). It is also defined as “a body of standards or principles derived from a code of conduct from a particular philosophy religion, or culture.

4. (Long and Sedley, 1987). It is actually synonymous with „goodness‟ and „rightness‟ (Standard University, 2011). Apparently, morality is the “quality of human acts in which we call them right wrong, good or evil” (Panizo, 1964). Based on these definitions, we could say that morality deals with human and his conduct in relation to a code of conduct accepted by a particular group or culture. Existence of Morality But the question on how did it come to existence still lingers our mind. Morality comes from the Greek word moralis which means customs or manners (Perle, 2004).

5. This has something to do with ethics which deals with right or wrong, good or bad. We usually mean ethical or moral when the conduct is good and right, while we mean unethical and immoral when the conduct is bad or wrong. Man‟s actions, whether good or bad, is governed by his intellect and free will. His intellect will give him the discernment and right judgment of the morality of his conduct because he is capable of thinking and reasoning.

6. His free will is his ability to choose for certain conduct of action or character. Intellect and free will make humans different from all other animals. Thus any human action is good when it is completely done as a natural man, and it is immoral when it runs counter to human nature.

7. Foundational Principles of Morality The principle of morality issue differs from each group of culture, religion, or group. The word principle came from the word princeps, which means the source or the beginning. Foundational principles mean the universal accepted norms by which all principles of rightness or wrongness of actions are built upon. These are based on natural law. The natural law is „already written in the hearts of man‟ (Romans 2:15). Fo the theist or believers, it is a „man‟s share in the Eternal Law of God‟ (Panizo, 1964.).

8. In short, the foundational moral principles are „„do good and avoid evil.‟

9. 1. The Golden Rule – „ Do unto others what you want them to do unto you.‟ 2. The Two Great Commandments – „ Love God with all your heart, with all your souls, and all your might‟ and “ Love your neighbor as yourself.‟ This is especially true to the followers of Christ who are called the Christians. So, when you love God you will be faithful to Him; when you love your fellowmen, you will not do harm to them. 3. Immanuel Kant – „ Act in such a way that your maxim can be the maxim of all.‟ 4. Buddhist – „ Hatred does cease by hatred, but hatred ceases only by love.‟ With this principle, 5. Muslim – The Islamic Qur‟an „forbids, lying, stealing, adultery, and murder.

10. Let‟s elaborate some perspectives of morality for these three big groups of religion through aschematic diagram: A. Christianity – They are believers of the Bible as God-breathed Scripture, which consists of the Old and New Testament. They are believers of the Ten Commandments that God gave to Moses, as reflected in Exodus 20. These 10 commandments are also called the Law of Moses

11. Ten Commandments 1. You shall have no other Gods before me. 2. You shall not make for yourselves an idol. 3. You shall not misuse the name of the Lord your God. 4. Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. 5. Honor your father and your mother 6. You shall not murder 7. You shall not commit adultery 8. You shall not steal. 9. You shall not give false testimony. 10. You shall not covet. Love God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your strength. Love your neighbor as you love yourself. B. Islam for Muslims- This group of religion is a believer of the Qur‟an. They are believers on the following Islamic principles:

12. Qur’an Principles 1.The Islamic Qur’an ‘forbids, lying, stealing, adultery, and murder. Five Pillars of Islam 1. Prayer 2.It teaches ‘honor to parents, kindness to slaves, protection for the orphaned and the widowed, and charity for the poor.” Self-purification by fasting. 3. It teaches ‘virtues of faith in God, pateince, kindness, honesty, indutry, honor, and generosity’. 4. Alms-giving It also condems ‘mistrust, impatience, and cruelty. 3. Fasting 5. Pilgrimage to Mecca. C. Buddhist Perspective - showing devotion to the Buddha through ceremonies, festivals, different types of meditation and retreats.

13. 5 Moral Principles of Buddhism 1. You shall not kill. 2. You shall steal. 3. You shall not misuse you senses or engage in sexual misconduct. 4. You shall not speak lies or gossip. 5. You shall not take intoxicants that cloud the mind (drugs, alcohol).

14. Eight-fold Path 1.Strive to know the truth. 2. Strive to resist evil. 3. Say nothing to hurt others. 4. Respect life, morality, and property. 5. Engage in a job that does not injure others. 6. Strive to free you mind from evil. 7. Control your feelings and thoughts. 8. Practice proper forms of concentration. Looking at the foundational principles of morality, it can be gleaned that morality is applied into four areas such as:

15. 1. Religion. Morality is determined by the relationship between man and his God. 2. Nature. Morality is determined by the relationship between man and the creation around him. 3. Individuality. Morality is determined by the relationship the individual has to him or herself. 4. Society. Morality is determined by the relationship between man and his society. Notice then the similarities and differences of the foundational principles of morality in each perspective. As future teachers of the young, and as a person in society, you must be guided with proper principles of morality so that you can be called worthy of to your chosen profession.

16. Thankyou!